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The major change forces in business activity are driven by technology, and by default efficiency. The more efficient a firm is compared to its competitors the more ability it has to expand its market, derive above normal economic profits, and has a higher a ability to sustain economic shocks. The change process therefore is technology, and one company that perceives another having superior technology may seek to acquire the technology through merger versus developing its own technology.

In addition to technology, what are some of the change forces that shape M&A activity?