BUSINESS PLAN

 

Introduction

Daigou is not a new term in the Chinese language but a commonly used term used to mean ‘buying for another’. This refers to the process of buying commodities or goods for a customer who is based in China in overseas. This is a commerce channel which has been established in order to facilitate the accessibility of these commodities. This has been geared by the high prices of luxury goods in china as compared to U.S. As a result, it has promoted the selling of luxury products as evident by its increased supply over the years. As Diagou business continues to thrive, the interaction between the Chinese culture and American Culture continues to be strong too. However, the American culture differ from the Chinese in a number of ways.

            Culture

Firstly, the American culture is centered on individuals rather than societies. This is based on the evidence that they concentrate of personalities of individuals rather than the society. On contrary, the Chinese culture is centered on building relationships with one another. This is based on evidence that they seek knowing more about a friend but not to strangers. Secondly, In American culture business the trust in the contract is the most important other than those who surround you (Chen, 2010). Fulfillment of contract is given the priority. On contrary, the Chinese culture its trust on those around rather than the contract. Thirdly, in the business perspective, the Americans are direct in their dealings as the objective of the business is the most important thing. On contrary, the business among the Chinese is indirect in nature but people take things too personal (Akgunes  & Culpepper, 2012). Therefore, it encourages businesses like Daigou as there is no face to face transaction. Moreover, the Americans have their negotiation on personal basis rather than group decision as in the case with Chinese culture. This will critically increase the chances of Daigou business because people make decision based on the ‘group decisions’. Therefore, as people have liked Daigou channel of purchasing, more are expected to come hence presenting an opportunity for thrive of my Business. This goes in line with the concept of the company.

Business Vision, Mission and Belief

Mission

The Company’s purpose is to offer differentiated purchasing services to consumers within China’s market.

Vision

The corporation’s vision is to offer unique purchasing channels by offering practical and affordable rates as compared to the competitors.

Company’s Belief

            Consumer’s needs should always be placed first prior to those of a company to enhance consumer satisfaction which ultimately leads to growth. The company has been motivated by the increasing number of Daigou purchases witnessed each day hence presenting an opportunity to investing in this venture. The company is focused on changing the purchase channel by offering substantive rate to our customers as compared to our competitors. This is aimed at attracting customers to using our channel of purchase. The company puts the needs of the customer before all this hence making it possible to satisfy the needs of the customers. Consequently, it is focused to offering platform for interaction purpose and exchange of cultures between the two nations. This goes in line with the Chinese culture of Socialization which will help in marketing the company. Moreover, the company is committed to offering quality services and goods to the customer’s hence building trust with our customers (Chen, 2010). As the demand for the products increase each single day, the company will have to initiate accommodative mechanism to steer the purchase process.

TREND

Our company is committed to offering purchases mainly focused to the youths. Our target market is therefore the young people. This is supported by the fact that Youth account for the biggest percentage of the population. Consequently, there are the one who focus on having descent attire as compared to adult people. Youths like decency especially the adolescent. The youth are very conscious of their appearance and thus would do anything possible to achieve this goals. This is also supported by the evidence that these individuals like comparing with one another and thus opening an opportunity to give providing these attires. Although youth marketing has been the focus of every purchase store, it offers a series of small segments which runs from young adults, college guys, teenagers and lastly the tweens. This offers a great opportunity for the purchase business to supply shoes, bracelets, hearings, and neck less and also various designs of clothing from trousers to dresses and from jackets to pullovers. The youth market is luxurious in nature and thus calls for the consideration of bringing the market back home. By giving them an opportunity to purchase overseas, it becomes very easy to attract many each and every single day (Kramer et al, 2013).

The youth marketing is the easiest marketing strategy to implement. This is supported by evidence that many youths like watching TV, radio and use the internet every single day. Thus, it becomes easy to advertise and reach these customers. Moreover, the musicians, athletes and celebrities have played a major role in influencing this market. This has made the youth aim at purchasing the same product overseas hence an opportunity for our company to thrive. Consequently, the need for identity will also support our target. Youths focus on being identified with a certain group and thus will do anything possible to be identified. As a result, the purchases will be increased for overseas products hence an opportunity for the company to thrive.

Moreover, the youths are such an outstanding and valuable consumer to any product. This is support by evidence that they do influence the purchases made by family and friends. Thus by targeting them it will be easy to reach other family members too. This will expand the market later on to include customers from all age-groups.  Other than being direct consumers of fancy and classic products, the youths have a greater influence on the type of clothes bought by other members of the family. Thus by targeting them first, will open doors for other opportunities too. The image of being ‘cool’ is present among many youths based on the fact that they like to be noticed in the society (Kramer et al, 2013).

            In order to succeed in youth marketing, our company will focus on advertisement and promotions targeting youths. This will run from use of student media to use of texts. By taking advertisement to schools it will be easy to reach the target market hence attainment of the goals of the company. Consequently the company will support main research activities to identify itself with the youths. Through partnership and interaction in sport activities, the company will build a brand image among the youths hence selling itself. Additionally, there will be use of flyers in order to create awareness among the youths (Kramer et al, 2013).

Through the youth market, it will be easy to penetrate the adult’s market before going to old people’s market. The youth market opens the channel for adult market as they influence the kind of purchases made by their parents. This is based on the fact that parents will always want to fulfill their Children’s wishes. As a result, it will be easy to position oneself in the market. This including clothes, cosmetics and shoes too. By offering these products, their needs will be satisfied hence an important approach to marketing.  Marketing to this group is really a good take to expanding our market thus high sales. Through this it will be easy to extend the purchase of old people’s products. Although they are few in number as compared to children and youths, they matter a lot in the business of the company. This are part of the target market in future and thus the need to look at the products which they offer. Old people need a lot of care and protection and thus need for provision of health care products. As a result the sales are increased hence offering an expanded market. Moreover, they need skincare products as skin problems are prevalence among the elderly (Kramer et al, 2013). This will offer an opportunity for our company to purchase these products for them in a more convenient way.  The elderly also need clothing and shoes but not as youths and Adults. Their provision is also encouraged to satisfy their needs. By taking this trend of venturing into the Diagou business, our company will have the potential of acquiring high market share as compared to competitors.

Trend: Data Set

Target Market= Youngsters

Percentage in the whole population= 30%

Next Target; Young Adults, Adults then Elderly

Analysis

            The collection of the trend information was motivated on the need to understand the most suitable target group for the business. The young individuals between the age of 18 and 40 are the most users of Daigou services because it only engages in luxurious goods. This segment is highly interested in trendy and decent apparel and related products such as shoes on order to maintain their fashion sense. This group is particularly conscious of the appearance and thus they are always willing to pay for high premiums in order to access quality and trendy. This therefore implies unlike older individuals this segment of consumers will offer the business more potential in progressing. This therefore implies that based on the target consumers the location of the business as an online shop is suitable due to the high internet usage among youths.

Finance

Finance is an important aspect of our business. The finance section of our business will be facilitated by the contribution of our own contribution. The source of our money will be from our own pockets whereby every one of us will contribute 25% of the total amount needed in the business. Our starting capital will be about $100, 000 which we will share between ourselves. The four of us will share the management of the enterprise across the finance and management. Notably two of my associates will be dealing with finance issues whereby they will be keeping all the financial records, gathering of information of the expansion of our business in later years. The two of us will be handling the customers. We will be making sure that the customers get what they need in our company. This will reduce the chances of not satisfying the needs  of the customers. Remember the satisfaction of the customer’s need is focus of our company. Through this, it will be possible to understand the market quite well. Moreover, there will be smooth running if activities (Cassar, 2009).

The internal fund management in our company will be done by keeping records and regular auditing in order to make it possible to tract any expense made over a given period of time. The company is focused to having a clear records of all expenses made and the sales realized. Moreover, the Company will lay down a sales strategy of attaining $60, 000 within the first three months in the business hence making to compete effectively. The transaction channel with my consumers will be done via online transcation channels which include Paypal, wechat and zhifubao. This is the most convenient mode of payment for my customers as they are far from U.S and thus no face to  face transaction. This will help in gearing our business to being international as Paypal is almost used everywhere. This is also supported by evidence that the internet has taken control of every aspect of business and thus the need to keep with time.

            Finance: Data Set

Investment amount = $100, 000

Investors= 4

Percentage to contribute= 25% ($20, 000) each person

Analysis

            How will the financial operations of the business be facilitated? Financial stability is an essential aspect of running the business effectively. The business being particularly new in the market requires funds for making inputs purchases as well as running marketing activities. The capital that is required in starting and running the business is 100,000 dollars which will be acquired from the contribution of the partners. Each partner will make a 25 percent contribution. Debt financing in this case was not opted based on the burden that will be subjected to the business. This type of financing can be acquired in ruining the business in the long run. As per the current the operations will thus be acquired through self-financing. Through the created revenues the income will be shared equally based on the contribution ration that is equal among the four partners. This therefore implies that the business will not be operating in any debt for the short run.

Information Collection

Information is a critical aspect of our business based on the fact that it enhances understanding of the market. Moreover, it helps in getting to know the products that are in high demand. This plays a vital role in enhancing the requirements of the market and what the customers want hence possible to gauge the appreciation of a product. This information will be obtained from the people, internet and way of publicity media like Facebook, Twitter, and Wechat.

Firstly, the people will be a great source of data for our company. The people who have been in the market will provide information on the business environment in China hence possible to understand it better. Moreover, they will highlight of the most traded products as well as their quality. This will be a an eye-opener to us on the view of the market hence helping us making the right decision on the products we need to include in our business. Secondly, the internet will be another source of information for us.

This will be done by research in the products mostly traded in the Chinese market hence possible to a clear view of the Chinese market. This is also supported by the evidence that the internet has become the information exchange platform for every individual. In the contemporary world, the internet has become the talk of the day hence presenting an opportunity to market the business. Thirdly, the information will be obtained through Facebook and wechat. In current times, Face book has become the platform for interaction hence presenting an opportunity to market the business or obtain any information needed. This will really move our business forward as we have all the substantial information needed in the survival of our business (ICO, 2012).

A bigger percentage of the world population use Facebook for communication purpose. Meaning that it encompasses people from different part of the world hence making it possible to share ideas. As a result of this kind of communication platform, it becomes easy to have ideas of a given market by just asking. In Facebook, there are leads which can give guidance to query asked by a user. This will give our company the chance to obtain all the information relevant to our study. Moreover, the platform will present the opportunities to interact with Chinese people hence building the market for our products. Just like facebook, wechat will provide the platform for gathering information on the market hence making it possible to have the market information (ICO, 2012).

Other than using the public platform, it will be prudent to search information from experienced companies in the form of benchmarking. This will expand our knowledge of the Chinese market before making approach to investing in it. Although there will be some rivalry in the business, it will be prudent to strategically establish oneself in the industry. This will promote stability in the market hence increasing the market share.

Employee

Our company will have to employee staff to conduct the marketing and selling of the products. The four of us in the company will not be able to perform all the activities of the company and thus calls for employment of more members to assisting in conducting various activities of the firm. This will require for employment of about 10 members for a start. The duties will be shared based on the area of specialization. The members will be divided into groups; the marketing team and the distributing teams.

The marketing will be required to advertise the product and sell it to the people. This will be an approach to reaching out our customers.

Responsibilities

 

• Review the business on daily basis
• Market the business in line with its strategies and objectives
• Create communication rapport with our customers
• Having Execute plan in the marketing department
• Conducting the sales of product

 

Requirements

• Share relevant information concerning the company to the customers
• Provide a friendly atmosphere for the sharing of the products among the customers
• Show clear relevance of the brand to the market target
• Accurately convey the information right from the management to the customers on the context of the products offered
• Ability to convince the customers to buying the product

On the other hand the Distribution agents should be able to conduct the distribution of the traded products from the company to the clients in a more convenient way hence maintain the customers’ loyalty. As a result, it becomes significantly easy to reach the customers and deliver the problem to them within the stipulated time.

Duties

• Distribute the company’s product easily
• Channel the goals of the Company to the customers
• Deliver the sent parcels within the stipulated time
• Receiving the company’s product being dispatched
• Custodian of Company’s products

Requirement

• Ability to work closely with clients
• Ability to communicate effectively with the customers
• Ability to give store the good properly without getting damaged\

 

As evident from the requirements specified above, our company will recruit skilled and competence individuals who area be to work diligently. This will not only assist in the productivity of the firm but also in realizing high sales. Moreover, the recruited employees should show exemplary performance in the field hence possible to perform the execute the duties effectively as required. The company will be focused to having focused individuals who are result-oriented other than undetermined individuals. This will assist in the process of realizing substantial results. These results should be a true reflection of the Company. By having focused individuals, the company will serve its purpose in the market.

Competency and ability to convince the customers into buying the product will assist in increasing the sales of the product hence making it possible to realize the objectives of the Company.  Moreover, trustworthiness is very important in our company as it helps in delegating roles to our employees. Without trust we can never delegate duties to our employees. This will certain help in building a company on the socially accepted upright morals. As a result, we will be an example to the rest of the companies of being honest in their work.

Employee: Data Set

Employees =10

Sales and Marketing staffs = 5

Distributor agents= 5

Managers= 2

Finance =2

            Analysis

            The information was acquired in order to establish whether the marketing of the company will be an effective one in attracting consumers. The corporation will employee at least 10 employees who will be engaging bin marketing as well as sales services. This therefore implies that through the activities the company will thus be able to create better relations will consumers which will be a form of advertising and creating awareness. In this context it can therefore be established that the primary theme creating awareness and advertising the company’s services. This therefore implies that the more that the marketing activities and better relations are created amid the employees and the consumers the higher the chances of gaining a significant consumer’s segment.

Competitor

Of course when engaging in an online business like Daigou, there is an expectation that there are competitors. This is based on the fact that the online business has been there prior to the start of our company hence a number of companies have ventured into this business. Just like any other business, stiff competition is expected more so from the dominant companies like Ms Pei which has been conducting for over 5 years. This will be a challenge to our company because it is an entrant in the new online business and thus the need to consider for strategies to survive in this market. This will assist in giving guidance of how the company should conduct itself in the market as well as being able to survive. Firstly, the company will have to establish a strategy marketing strategy in order to attract customers. This include advertisements and promotions during its first months of entry. Although it may be expensive, it is worth the gains that will be obtained in the end. This can be done by having an official website for the company. This will assist in advertising the company. As a result, the company will create awareness of its existence and the products it offers to the customers. This will only be a marketing strategy but a strategy aimed at establishing the market niche of the company at the Chinese Company.

It should create an appealing website which will assist in attracting the visitors in the website to view its products.

The company will be competing with Ms. Pei company which has dominated the Daigou market hence a stiff completion is really expected. Our company has to be prepared with other marketing tools like advertisements in the TVs and Radios to our target market in order to establish our market. Competition is inevitable for a company because of its age in the online business and we need to accept that and strategize on how to competitive effectively in this foreign market. This will offer basis for our company to make critical decisions on how much to invest and how to deal with challenges along the way. Competition is appreciated by our company for growth purposes. It is only competition that we will learn of new ways of getting control of the market. Challenges do strengthen an enterprise and we ought to experience it to remain relevant in the market.

            Competitor: Data Set

            Ms. Pei is the primary competitor being well established and has been in operation for five years. The question that triggered the collection of this data is based on the effects of competition of operation. The presence of established companies such as Ms. Pei challenges the company as a new entrant in the market. This therefore implies that the company is required to establish a set of strategies for surviving in the market. However, competition will act as a form of guidance in which the corporation will survive. In addition more marketing will have to be applied so that consumers can gain a significant degree of understanding on the existence of the corporation as well as what it offers. This therefore means that the company will incur much cost since increased advertising is a necessity but the expenses are worth since the company will ultimately acquire some forms of gains. In creating more awareness the company will be depending on promotions and advertisements since they are highly effective.

 

Chief competitor; P.E’s Improvements

 

 

Risk

Risk is an important consideration in the management of the company based on the fact that nay business is exposed to many risk which are sometimes unavoidable.  By making an investment, you have already made a risk which can either profit you or will make loses. This is an act of an exposure than the Business is exposed during its operations. Therefore, during any kind of operation undertaken by the company, it is prudent for the management to take consideration of risks that the company can be prone to.

Firstly, there is consideration of the strategic risk which the company is in its due course of operation. This involves the risk resulting from the shift of the consumer’s preferences hence leaving the company at a risky state. When this happens the company can also change its stock to fit the needs of the customers. As a result the company will have to acquire new stock for the sake of satisfying the needs of the consumers. Detection of these risks at an early stage will help in mitigating the risk.  Secondly, there may be the problem of operational risks which can result from the breaking down of the systems in operation hence making it impossible to deliver the product to its destination (DRAFT, n.d). This include the package risk incurred while transportation process. This can result from the loss of email other underlying factors hence making it impossible to recover the product. As a result the company will have to incur this expenses on behave of the customers based on the fact that the product has not been channeled to the customers. The company should be prepared for such a kind of risk at all times because transportation comes along with many inconveniences which must be in consideration while setting up your own company.

Thirdly, they should consider the accomplice risks whereby the employee protection has to be in consideration. This require that the consideration of those basic concepts of working environment. The employees have to be protected at all times and thus their rights has to protect at all times. Violation of these rights will actually lead to extra expenses by the company (Wu, 2009). Therefore, their rights should be considered at all times. This involves good working environment and offering a substantive pay as par the labor regulation rules and regulations. This will lead to offering good working environment for our workers.

Due to the rising import duties charge, the company will have to consider the risk and define ways to cover up for these expenses. These import duties are mainly taxed on those importing companies like ours and thus will be unfortunate if we do not consider them during the operations of the company.  Considering of these importing duties it will difficult for the company to continue operating if it does not address them (Wu, 2009).

Consequently, there is the consideration of the market risks which should be considered in making sure that the expenses incurred in bringing the products to the market is not wasted. Market risks are bound to happen based on the fact that venturing into the business is risky because of the stiff competition. This will reduce the chances for thrive of the company hence requiring important consideration. Moreover, markets risks mostly reduces the chances increasing the sales of the company. This will actually lead to the low revenue in the company hence a negative implication to the success of the company.

Risks: Data Set

Analysis

Risk information was acquired since in running a business understanding how the unanticipated and the known risks can be managed is of significance. In that by making the general investment and deciding to run this business this can be categorized as a risk. The business will either be associated in gains or losses. Some of the risks that are presented by the business may entail the changes of the preferences of consumers, currency fluctuations, operating risks such as breakdown, unexpected costs and employee’s protection. This therefore implies that the occurrence of either risk will affect the general gains of the business. This may additionally affect the ability of the business to make deliveries thus resulting to the consumers being dissatisfied with the services which may affect the reputation of the business. This means that in avoiding such risks the company will in often cases evaluate the expenses even those that involves the payment of takes. Price instability is something may also affect the operations of the business.

 

 

 

Example of risk factors and solutions

Source: Internet

 

Currency

Currency is an important aspect of the company’s operations. Understanding the fluctuation rate of the currency is very important in knowing the rate at which the company will realize its objective of high revenue. Moreover, it will act as basis for the prediction of the fluctuation rate in the country over the next coming years.

Consequently, the currency fluctuation risks have much influence on the large corporations based on the fact that they affect the investments and productivity. Therefore, it is important to consider its contribution in the company’s operations. By not considering the effects of currency fluctuation rate, the company is prone to experiencing two main economical exposures namely the transaction exposure and the translation. The transaction exposure will occur when the fluctuation exchange is so high the the company is not able to achieve its objectives. As a result, it becomes very difficult for the company to achieve its obligation of receiving its payments in the future (Kinuthia, 2014).

As a result, the company cannot be able to attain its short-term goals. This will reduce the chances of fulfilling its objectives and goals. Secondly, there is the problem of translation exposure which affects the fluctuation of the local currency to the foreign currency. In this case, the exchange rate of dollar to Chinese Currency is affected hence making the consumers to feel the effects. As a result, the inflation shoots up hence the prices of items being exported hikes and thus discouraging the consumers from purchasing the products. As a result, there sales of the company is reduced (Kurihara, 2013).

Secondly, there is also the problem of foreign currency risks which in most cases differ based on the economic condition. As our company will buy the goods using the USD and receive payment via wechat, we are bound to feel the foreign currency risk when the economic condition are not favorable (Kinuthia, 2014). When the economic conditions are unfavorable whereby the exchange rate of dollar reduces relative to that of the Chinese currency, the company will incur losses.  However, when the Economic performance of U.S is favorable the exchange of the dollar to Chinese currency will shoot hence making the prices of the products low hence easy to purchase. As a result, the company will be able to realize high sales hence high revenue. As a result, the company will realize high profit. It is evident that foreign exchange rate affect the operation of the company. This is evident by the impact it has on the business sales as discussed above.

Currency: Data Set

1 Chinese Yuan is equivalent to 0.14 US dollars.

            Analysis

            The critical question that resulted in the collection of this data is based on the effects of fluctuations on trade as well as business. Currently the fluctuations amid the United States dollar and the Chinese Yuan has increased. As the United States is currently being faced with the crowding challenging of recovering from the previous recession much attention has been subjected to the deficit of bilateral trade with China. The trade amid the two states is therefore categorized as solely imbalanced since the United States is the primary exporter while the widening currency fluctuation rate amid the two states continues to affect trade revenue. The weakness of Yuan may therefore affect the capability of the business to compete due to the resulting trade deficit. This therefore implies that engaging in business within the market in China may be characterized by great potential but the changes and the fluctuations of currency cannot be avoided. This therefore implies that the revenue generated by the business will be affected seasonally by the fluctuations.

 

Currency exchange rate as per 2015

Source; Internet

 

Inflation rate as of 2016

Source: Internet

Action Plan: Goal: The goal of the paper is to establish the viability of Daigou business in China

Key Performance Indicator: Revenue, sales and consumer Segment

Task Number		Activity/Task Description	Timeline	Assigned To:	Resources	Comments
1.       2.     3.       4.     5.	Distribute the company’s product easily   Channel the goals of the Company to the customers   Deliver the sent parcels within the stipulated time   Receiving the company’s product being dispatched   Custodian of Company’s products					One should be possessing the capability to work closely with clients, communicate effectively with the customers and to give store the good properly without getting damaged.

 

Section IV: Goal, Key Performance Indicators, & monitoring strategies

Goal: The goal of the paper is to establish the viability of Daigou business in China

• Key Performance Indicator: Revenue

Monitoring Strategy

            This will be monitored via the rate of revenue that will be generated in sales. The evaluation will be done through deducting the operating costs from the generated revenue. The general cost is calculated through managing all the money acquired through sales. Therefore the business will be ensuring that it maximizes its general sales to raise it revenue as the indicator of positive performance.

• Key Performance Indicator: Sales

Monitoring Strategy

            When the sale is low this implies that the general performance of the company can be categorized as negative and positive while high. Sales will be monitored by recording the number of items that the company sales and within a certain time duration. The company will thus seek to maximize its sales in general.

• Key Performance Indicator: Consumer Segment

Monitoring Strategy

            When the consumer segment that is targeted continuously grows which in this case targets the use this implies that the performance of the business will be high. In this context the business will be seeking to expand its segment which will in turn lead to sales increase and a positive business performance.

• Key Performance Indicator: Competitive Position

Monitoring Strategy

Being in a leading competitive position is more beneficial to the business in the raise of revenue, sales and the ability of attracting more consumers. The company will therefore seek to acquire the leading position through the use of cost leading and differentiation strategies. This will help in attracting a significant consumer level thus being a key indicator of the general performance.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Akgunes, A., & Culpepper, R. (2012). Negotiations between Chinese and Americans: Examining the cultural context and salient factors. The Journal of International Management Studies, 7(1), 191-200.

Chen, Y. (2010). Cultural differences in Chinese and American address forms. Asian Culture and History, 2(2), 82.

DRAFT, E. Managing the Business Risk of Fraud: A Practical Guide.

Kramer, K., Schwarte, L., Lafleur, M., & Williams, J. D. (2013). Targeted marketing of junk food to ethnic minority youth: Fighting back with legal advocacy and community engagement. In Advances in communication research to reduce childhood obesity (pp. 389-405). Springer New York.

http://treasury.tn.gov/smob/Documents/BusinessPlanforStartupBusiness.pdf

Cassar, G. (2009). Financial statement and projection preparation in start-up ventures. The Accounting Review, 84(1), 27-51.

ICO. (2012). Collecting information about your customers – small business checklist

Retrieved from

Kinuthia, N. M. (2014). The effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on horticultural export earnings in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi)

Kurihara, Y. (2013). Effects of exchange rate fluctuations and financial development on international trade: Recent experience. International Journal of Bussiness, Management and Economic Research, 4(5), 793-801.

https://ico.org.uk/media/fororganisations/documents/1584/pn_collecting_information_small_business_checklist.pdf

https://companycheck.co.uk/director/912891988/MS-PEI-HONG-HALE/summary

Wu, D. D., & Olson, D. L. (2009). Enterprise risk management: small business scorecard analysis. Production Planning and Control, 20(4), 362-369.