Article Analysis on Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods

 

The effects of Covid on leadership

Qualitative articles

Tham, K. Y., Lu, Q., & Teo, W. (2020). Infodemic: what physician leaders learned during the      COVID-19 outbreak: a qualitative study. BMJ Leader, leader-2020. Retrieved from:             https://bmjleader.bmj.com/content/early/2020/07/01/leader-2020-000288

Al Eid, N. A., & Arnout, B. A. (2020). Crisis and disaster management in the light of the Islamic             approach: COVID‐19 pandemic crisis as a model (a qualitative study using the grounded            theory). Journal of Public Affairs, e2217.

Quantitative articles

Sergent, K., & Stajkovic, A. D. (2020). Women’s leadership is associated with fewer deaths         during the COVID-19 crisis: Quantitative and qualitative analyses of United States    governors. Journal of Applied Psychology. Retrieved from: https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2020-47004-001.pdf.

Kniffin, K. M., Narayanan, J., Ansell, F., Antonakis, J., Ashford, S. J., Bakker, A. B., ... &           Creary, S. J. (2020). COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for         Future Research and Action. Retrieved from: https://psyarxiv.com/gkwme/

Analysis

What characteristics make the study and research methods used quantitative?

            It is essential to understand what is meant by a quantitative study. The research is said to embrace quantitative characteristics if it emphasizes or numerical analysis of information collected during the research. The collection of data, in this case, may be in various forms. For instance, the research team may have engaged in questionnaires and surveys, or by any means, they may have multiplied pre-existing statistical information utilizing the computational technique.

             The studies by Sergent & Stajkovic (2020) and Kniffin et al. (2020) have excellent characteristics of a study that have been developed through the quantitative method in entirety. Form the two studies, quantitative features can be seen in the sense that they both gather data using structured research instruments. In this case, the two articles' results are centered on higher sections amounts that are represented by the populace.  Given the higher reliability for the study, articles utilizing quantitative methods usually can be replicated or repeated. On the same, it is clear that the researcher clearly defines research questions, which in return, objective answers are sought. For instance, the study by Sergent & Stajkovic (2020) is based entirely on the question that is to be solved through quantitative methods.

            Additionally, the research articles have utilized all aspects of the study very clearly designed before the data is collected. For both studies, data is collected in the form of statistics. Mostly the data is arranged in tables, charts, figures, as well as non-tactual forms. For instance, Sergent & Stajkovic (2020) study has a variety of tables, such as table one, which represents correlations for the quantitative analysis.  

 What characteristics make the study and research methods used qualitative?

             Rather than exact and numerical estimations that depict the circumstance, subjective research centers on the thinking behind persons' activities, societal orders, and humanities (known as the 'why') through open-finished, exploratory inquiries. Personal exploration happens in indigenous habitats. Typical habitats in this setting mean a spot that members can uninhibitedly talk about and give top to bottom responses to the inquiries that the specialists give. This regular spot can be either be on the web or disconnected. Clarke (2009) have proved that the regular spot relies upon the assets accessible to the analyst; anyway, as of late, the most examination has moved online as it empowers scientists to get an example that is a better delegate of the vaster populace.

            Subjective examination techniques are significantly more close to home, imaginative and intuitive than their quantitative partners. Strategies, for example, center gatherings, online examination networks, discussions, and so forth, permit research members more opportunity to give top to bottom answers and conversations for more point by point and educated bits of knowledge. The setting is critical while breaking down personal information. The experiences picked up from the information gathered through subjective examination will consistently be setting ward and, in this way, should be deliberately announced concerning the setting wherein it was assembled (Clarke, 2009). The story examination strategy specifically considers setting cautiously. It is a procedure where the essential information gathered by scientists is reformulated into synopses, which consider the setting of each case and the distinction encounters of every member.

What are the significant differences between the two types of research methods?

            Between the two strategies research is essential in decision making. This is because there exists a principal qualification within the given data. Mann (2003) denotes that, Quantitative data can only represent data in numerical forms and abstract data in particular. For this circumstance, it can be understood that, the emotional investigation is multi-method in emphasis and an explanatory, realistic approach to achieve its focus. This proposes abstract investigators scholars in their brand situations, trying to understand the phenomena concerning the proposals individuals convey to them. Theoretical investigation determines to understand the communal fact of persons, and societal guidelines as possible as its entities sense it or live it (Mann, 2003). Besides these outlines, individuals and social occasions are amassed in their customary locale. Assessment resulting in an abstract procedure is investigative and confidences to explain 'how' and 'why' a specific wonder, or direct function as it does in a specific background.

            From the above assessment articles, Mann (2003) has a team of procedures for exploratory social resources, running from one set to place acknowledgment, to the investigation of doodads, accounts, and public information, to the usage of optical constituents or distinct practice. For instance, a certified instance of an abstract assessment system could be structured, which make emotional data exploiting open requests in Tham, Lu and Teo (2020) article. This allows the defendant to discourse in some meaning, alternative their own arguments. This authorizes the investigator to improve a real sentiment of a person's understanding of a complaint. Acknowledge that emotional data might be roughly beyond disputes or text. Pictures, accounts, sound annals, and so on, can be realized as emotional data.

Explanation of the selected research method

            For the study the qualitative method is far much fitting in the research for the study purpose I the context of the effects of Covid on leadership. This method aligns appropriately with the study, purpose as well as the research at hand the sense that much of the data is based ion theoretical bases. The study on leadership challenges as resulted by corona virus denotes a systematic subjective approach; this can be utilized in description of life experience of the leaders hence giving a clear meaning to the expected result. With the use of the qualitative method it will be a possible way out to demonstrate richness of the material of data gathered. On the same, the depth, insight, and the complexity of information are easier while utilizing the qualitative method in the issue at hand. Hence, in the context of the effects of covid-19 of leaders, the best and effective method to enhance during the research is the qualitative method. 

References

 

Al Eid, N. A., & Arnout, B. A. (2020). Crisis and disaster management in the light of the Islamic             approach: COVID‐19 pandemic crisis as a model (a qualitative study using the grounded             theory). Journal of Public Affairs, e2217.

Clarke, D. J. (2009). Using qualitative observational methods in rehabilitation research: Part             one. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 16(7), 362-369.

Kniffin, K. M., Narayanan, J., Anseel, F., Antonakis, J., Ashford, S. J., Bakker, A. B., ... &           Creary, S. J. (2020). COVID-19 and the Workplace: Implications, Issues, and Insights for         Future Research and Action. Retrieved from: https://psyarxiv.com/gkwme/

Mann, C. J. (2003). Observational research methods. Research design II: cohort, cross sectional, and case-control studies. Emergency medicine journal, 20(1), 54-60.

Sergent, K., & Stajkovic, A. D. (2020). Women’s leadership is associated with fewer deaths         during the COVID-19 crisis: Quantitative and qualitative analyses of United States     governors. Journal of Applied Psychology. Retrieved from: https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2020-47004-001.pdf.

Tham, K. Y., Lu, Q., & Teo, W. (2020). Infodemic: what physician leaders learned during the      COVID-19 outbreak: a qualitative study. BMJ Leader, leader-2020. Retrieved from:             https://bmjleader.bmj.com/content/early/2020/07/01/leader-2020-000288