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 Proteins are one of the basic and important components of the body, and they form the structural part of most organs and make up enzymes and some hormones that regulate bodily functions. Knowing which proteins are present, absent, elevated, or decreased in body fluids such as blood can help diagnose and monitor various diseases. One of the most common ways to estimate and measure a specific protein and the properties of protein in the body is protein Electrophoresis is a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive lab technique to study the properties of protein. The separation of protein based on the fact that charged molecules will migrate through a matrix when placed in an electric field. Usually The sample is move in a support matrix such as polyacrylamide gel. This gel is mostly used to separate proteins, and Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can be used to analyze the size, amount, Purity, and isoelectric point of polypeptides and proteins.. Electrophoresis techniques has an ancient history but it has entered a new phase at the hands of Swedish scientist ( Arne Wilhelm Kauri Tiselius) , and for the first time this scientist used electrophoresis to Indicate that blood consist of four blood serum proteins; albumin and alpha-, beta- and gamma globulin. For this discovery he was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry…v Proteins are one of the basic and important components of the body, and they form the structural part of most organs and make up enzymes and some hormones that regulate bodily functions. Knowing which proteins are present, absent, elevated, or decreased in body fluids such as blood can help diagnose and monitor various diseases. One of the most common ways to estimate and measure a specific protein and the properties of protein in the body is protein Electrophoresis is a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive lab technique to study the properties of protein. The separation of protein based on the fact that charged molecules will migrate through a matrix when placed in an electric field. Usually The sample is move in a support matrix such as polyacrylamide gel. This gel is mostly used to separate proteins, and Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can be used to analyze the size, amount, Purity, and isoelectric point of polypeptides and proteins.. Electrophoresis techniques has an ancient history but it has entered a new phase at the hands of Swedish scientist ( Arne Wilhelm Kauri Tiselius) , and for the first time this scientist used electrophoresis to Indicate that blood consist of four blood serum proteins; albumin and alpha-, beta- and gamma globulin. For this discovery he was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry… Protein electrophoresis : v Definition : protein electrophoresis is a method for Separating proteins found in the blood (serum) and urine, by using a technique that called ‘electrophoresis’ v Electrophoresis is a wide term that describes the migration of charged molecules (ions) in an electric field v usually the positive charged molecules will migrate towards the negative electrode (cathode) and the negative charged molecules will migrate toward the positive electrode (anode) because of each electrophoretic system consists of two electrodes of opposite charge (anode (+) , cathode(-)) connected by a conducting medium called an electrolyte v The separation of charged particle effected by their velocity (v), which is the product of the particle’s mobility (m) and the field strength(E) V＝ E M v The movement of charged molecules in an electric field is expressed in the term of electrophoretic mobility shown by this formula v mobili(m) of an charged particle is determined by particle size, shape, and charge, isoelectric point and the temperature during the separation.