Nursing theories
Nursing theories play a significant role in the nursing profession. Nursing theories are based on evidence from scientific researches. These theories are responsible for creating a framework that consist of approaches and strategies that are used to educate the healthcare providers. An example of nursing theories is the Neuman Systems Model (NSM), which is based on the individual's ability to stress. This theory has many assumptions, such as each of the clients is unique, and many universal stressors known and unknown exist. The concepts of this theory are universal and are easily understood by those in the healthcare field. It has been used to guide nursing education, practices, and research.
Background
This theory gives forth the appropriate actions that should be taken in situations that involve stressors of a client-client system. This theory focuses on an individual as the central aspect. In a healthcare setting medical practitioners are responsible for taking care of client’s mental, physical, and spiritual health. This they do bearing in mind that stressors can affect the flexible line of defense of the client and cause a reaction (Smith & Parker, 2015). This theory can be successfully applied in treating an individual or people in a group. This theory has received universal recognition as a valid theory and one that can be successfully be used to treat patients.
Theory description
Betty Neuman developed this theory so that she could provide a focal point for nursing students learning, and she did this based on her personal experience. During the development of her theoretical approach, she identified ten unique perspectives that are permanently aligned with her theory. These ten perspectives play a vital role in defining and connecting concepts in the conceptual model. They also play a significant role in helping one to understand the conceptual model. NSM provides an approach that is holistic to the dynamic open client system which interacts with stressors and the efforts of the client and healthcare givers are responsible for maintaining a state of wellness in the client (Smith & Parker, 2015). The framework of NSM emphasizes that people are distinct individuals, and each have a different background ("What is the Neuman systems model?" n.d.).
Concepts in Dorothea Orem's Theory
The theory is made up of four unique ideas which are;
- Knowledge
- Understanding the requirements for one to offer self-care
- The effect that the influences in one's culture and the environment have on the health of the individual
- Awareness of the client's current health state and conditions.
The basis for the theory.
This theory is based on;
- Activities or actions that are taken by the client to ensure that they are maintaining a healthy living.
- Condition that shows nursing intervention is needed after the client is unable to take care of one self.
- Description of care that will be offered by nurses.
The above model breaks down the concepts of Orem's theory. The model is broken down so that the reader is guided through the progression of the table.
References
Description of the Model - Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2019, fromhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/225078080_Beginning_the_Recovery_Jou rney_in_GV9Jm2u7rmsCe65wKzPTw5jtS38n2tVEGipts_from_Orem's_Self- Care_Deficit_Nursing_Theory
Smith, M. C., & Parker, M. E. (2015). Nursing theories and nursing practice. (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company.
