Part 1.

Social Movement Theory and Conflict Theory

The Social Movement and Conflict Theories consequently explain why social mobilization occurs, particularly when there is an imbalance in service delivery and allocation of resources in a country.

1. Introduction
2. The Social Movement and Conflict Theories consequently explain why social mobilization occurs, particularly when there is an imbalance in service delivery, and allocation of resource in a country.
3. Social Movements are formed due to the feeling of misrepresentation or being deprived.
4. When people feel misrepresented in a country, a state or a union, they tend to form social movements, which help them in airing their views.
5. Due to the feeling of being deprived some good or even resources, social movements are formed, in order to help create a strong voice which can be able to easily reach the relevant authorities. This movements are consequently important, since they are used as a means of improving the social status of the people.
6. Social movements also provide a means of empowerment which the members of a given group did not have, thus motivating them to be able to act according to their demands.

• Conflict theory explains the reasons as to why conflicts are encountered due to favoritism or misrepresentation.

1. Conflicts consequently bring about the issue of class differential, whereby a certain group of individuals, tend to use conflicts as a means of separating themselves from a class which they think is of a lower level than that which they are in.
2. Through conflicts, those who are perceived to be stronger, tend to instill fear in those who are weak, thus making other groups to feel inferior, hence falling into the lower classes.
3. Conflicts are usually socially, politically and materially motivated, thus baking people to create a distance between themselves and others.
4. Social Movement and Conflict Theories allows us to be able to understand things in a different way.
5. When one thinks about Social Movement, the mind only thinks about violence and demonstrations. However, social movement theory explains how different forms of social movement may not be violent, and instead they may conducted in a manner which might not involve violence.
6. When it comes to conflict theory, the theory provides a broad insight of how conflict is consequently used, in order to create class differential between different groups or classes. This theory therefore enables us to understand how conflict can be used as a means of separating people based on class, and not through involving war or otherwise violence. Even though some forms of conflicts might involve violence, but it is not guaranteed that conflicts must lead to violence.
7. Social Movement and Conflict Theories are linked in the sense that the two work hand in hand, in order to foster the grievances or opinions being aired.
8. Social Movement and Conflict theories work hand in hand, since they are the two theories which interlinked, in the sense that they explain the reasons as to why people tend to form groups in order to either demonstrate or to air their voices. According to Social Movement theory, people are forced to form a social movement, with the aim of empowering themselves, hence being able to air their grievances.
9. In conflict theory, this is a similar strategy such as that of the social movement, whereby people of a similar class come together, and form a group whereby they can be able to make themselves superior than groups which were thought to be superior.
10. The two theories are therefore linked, in the sense that they work in the same way, and groups of people may use both social movements and conflicts, as a means of being able to achieve their needs, and airing their grievances.

Part 2

Bacallao-Pino, L. M. (2016). Agents for Change or Conflict?; Social Movements, Democratic `Dynamics, and Development in Latin America. Voluntas: International Journal Of Voluntary And Nonprofit Organizations, (1), 105. doi:10.1007/s11266-015-9574-2

Annotation

In this article, Bacallao-Pino, examines what Latin American governments tend to go through particularly when they implement public procedures for progress and alongside poverty meet with social activities which indulge in practices of ensuring change, empowerment and the reduction of poverty. The author therefore analyzes the interaction between the two processes, hence unfolding its conflicts in three different dimensions (Bacallao, 2016). These dimensions are: self-governing, environmental and material dimensions. Social movements are consequently advocating for change, particularly when the governments are allocating resources in certain areas and not in other areas. Instead of the government dealing with the issues being raised by social movements, they react through social conflicts. This article consequently relates to the main topic of this paper, as it provides the reasons as to why Social Movement theory and Conflict Theory are linked. The article may have provided a different reaction from the government, but social movements and conflict are bound together particularly if the grievances being aired are not taken seriously.

Abstract from the author

Social Movements are becoming very significant actors in current societies, as they help in airing the grievances of the oppressed in the society (Bacallao, 2016). This social movements in Latin America have consequently led to changes in political systems, since the traditional forms of politics have been faced out by social movements which advocate for change. This article has therefore found out that not only does the social movements help in improving developments in the Latin America, but it also allows the government to change its perception towards minority groups in such regions.

Savrum, M. Y., & Miller, L. (2015). The role of the media in conflict, peacebuilding, and international relations. International Journal On World Peace, (4), 13.

Annotation

In this article, Savrum and Miller have examined the extent at which the media affects the security of a country, through airing news which might be one sided. Most people in the present day society, have turned to the media for an understanding into critical matters which affect their lives (Savrum & Miller, 2015). However, the media is not only doing its work of passing information, but it is also changing and shaping the perception of people concerning different issues. This is because, the public believes that the media provides unbiased information, which is accurate and reliable. This article has consequently found out that the media does not at all times provide unbiased information. In addition, sometimes the media is forced to provide one sided information, in order to increase their sales. This has consequently resulted into the formation of social movements, particularly if the media provides information which shows the biasness of the government. This article therefore relates to the main topic of this paper, in the sense that it explains how social movement evolve particularly if the government seems to be bias.

Abstract from the Authors

The conflict in Cyprus, shows how effective the media is, and how it can be able to establish peace in a country. The media in the country have proven to be very effective in addressing issues which seem wrong according to the public, but it is very hard for the same media houses, to be able to pass peaceful information to the public, and restoring peace in the country (Savrum & Miller, 2015). The public has now turned to the media, to provide information which aims to divide the security of the country.

Amenta, E. (2016). Thinking about the influence of social movements on institutions. Canadian Review Of Sociology, (3), 356.

Annotation

            In this article, Amenta has analyzed the ways through which people can be mobilized into forming social movements, whereby they can be able to execute their tasks in a very effective way. The article therefore reviews the strategies, the resources and the way the public is mobilized into joining the movement (Amenta, 2016). This article did not however find these approaches very effective when organizing a social movement. The media, and other institutions are usually targeted, since they can reach many people thus making it easy for the groups to be formed. When a movement is fully formed, then it starts acting through airing the grievances of the public. This article therefore relates to the main topic in the sense that it explains how social movements are formed, and what their aim is.

Abstract from the Author

            Social movements in most cases target states, political parties, news media, learning institutions and religious organizations. The scholars of social movements consequently reach this movements, as a means of being able to attract most people (Amenta, 2016). However, it becomes hard to transform a movement from an explanation object to a potential explanation becomes very hard. This makes it hard for the movement to be able to reach scholars, hence becoming a nightmare to influence scholars to join social movements.

Reference

In Roose, J., & In Dietz, H. (2016). Social theory and social movements: Mutual inspirations.

Snyder, B. L., & Matsueda, R. L. (2013). Policing the police: Conflict theory and police violence in a racialized society.

Bacallao-Pino, L. M. (2016). Agents for Change or Conflict?; Social Movements, Democratic `Dynamics, and Development in Latin America. Voluntas: International Journal Of Voluntary And Nonprofit Organizations, (1), 105. doi:10.1007/s11266-015-9574-2

Savrum, M. Y., & Miller, L. (2015). The role of the media in conflict, peacebuilding, and international relations. International Journal On World Peace, (4), 13.

Amenta, E. (2016). Thinking about the influence of social movements on institutions. Canadian Review Of Sociology, (3), 356.