Understanding Abnormal Behaviours

1.Various methods of assessment are used by the clinician to assess the patient.  These methods include clinical interviews, questionnaires, psychological testing, and measures of behaviour. A proper evaluation is one that gives definite information about the patient thus helping the clinician to understand the patient problems better and to recommend appropriate treatment. The clinical interview is the most form of assessment used by the clinician to diagnose. It involves patient, and client meeting face to face and the client is asked to describe the illness. Psychological tests are used when a clinician what to evaluate specific traits of a patient. The clinician has to carry out a Neuropsychological assessment which will determine whether the patient has psychological problems have caused brain damage. The behavioural assessment shows whether there are mental traits and dispositions (David, Derald and Stanley 55)

2. Anxiety is term used to refer to several disorders that cause fear and worrying and they affect people feelings and also their behaviours. Anxiety is referred to how people receive information or threats which are uncontrollable and avoidable. Anxiety sometimes does not bring bad things to people rather it helps an individual to be watchful and focused and thus help people to solve different kind of problems. People normally experience anxiety when they encounter or face something more challenging for example sitting for an examination and attending interviews.Worldwide anxiety disorder has become one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Free-floating anxiety is when individual experience anxiety when no challenges and dangers are existing. Free-floating anxiety is also referred to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and it is not triggered by any specific issue. People view free-floating anxiety as anxiety that affects someone, and it disappears randomly. This anxiety makes one to feel anxious about a specific thing. For example, worrying that something bad might happen to you even though there is no valid reason to think about it. Also, free-floating anxiety makes an individual feel from far that something is not going well, but he or she is not sure what it is. Bound anxiety is anxiety that causes alterations that’s makes an individual to doubt whether the world is real, losing of memory and forgetting their own identity or pretending to be a new self ( David, Derald and Stanley 85)
3. Endogenous depression is a type of depression which affects an individual for no reasons. It caused by chemical and genetic, this depression makes one to feel guilty, unimportance and not able to enjoy pleasurable things in life. In endogenous depression people who are affected by this depression sees word as a bad place because of their existence. While reactive depression is normally caused by outside things such as stress, for example parents divorcing, losing a job, losing a loved one and life difficulties. In reactive depression the word is seen as bad because of what is taking place or happening in an individual life. This type of depression does not have visible symptoms such as having no appetite and lack of sleep.
4. Depression and anxiety are serious illness that requires strong medication. Depression result to sadness, social withdrawal and emotions, both depression and anxiety are treated using antidepressants treatment though not all patients responds well to some (David, Derald and Stanley, 173) Some of these drugs have long-term effects on the patient, and there was the need to develop a faster treatment. SSRL and SNRL can be used to treat anxiety and depression disorder. These both treatments have no chemical properties in them and they have fewer side effects compared to other treatments.  They are quite safe given that their lethal doses are a bit high.
5. Mania is a depressive illness also referred to bipolar disorders that leads to brain disorder. A person affected by this illness experience mood swing, thinking and ability to function. Bipolar disorder symptoms are critical and can lead to suicide, poor performance in school or job and poor social lives. There are two types of bipolar disorder. Bipolar I disorder is when an individual experience manic for one week and they may or may not experience depression during that episode. However, bipolar II causes hypomania which is less critical form of mania. (David, Derald and Stanley 175)
6. Schizophrenia disorder is caused by physiological factors such as genetic, structural factors and biochemical. Genes code in an individual causes schizophrenia thus there is higher chances of family members or relatives to acquire this disease since it is inherited. According to statistics around 1%, world population is affected by this illness; it shows that it is not caused by environmental factors. The people who are at big risk of being affected by schizophrenia are those relatives who shares more than 50% of their genes (David, Derald and Stanley 295).
7. Neuroleptics are a medication used to treat psychosis which includes hallucination, disorders and paranoia though they have not been effective in treating negative symptoms such as social withdrawal, lack of energy or emotion and apathy.
8. Schizophrenia is a mental illness disease and it has three stages. The first stage is known as prodromal stage, it is known as the year before the illness developed. The second stage is referred to actual stage, when an individual start experiencing symptoms such as hallucinations, weird behaviour and misbeliefs (David, Derald and Stanley 299). The last stage is called residual stage which character resembles the one of prodromal stage. Individuals in this stage shows negative symptoms such as they show no emotions, they have low energy and lack of expression. Schizophrenia has five major subtypes which are identified depending on the symptoms that a person is experiencing and these subtypes can change as illness develop. Paranoid schizophrenia shows positive symptoms and unreasonable suspicion. Catatonic schizophrenia is rare since it result due to untreated illness. An individual with catatonic schizophrenia may decrease or increase their movement. Undifferentiated schizophrenia is for people who cannot be categorized in catatonic, disorganized and paranoid schizophrenia (David, Derald and Stanley 300). The final subtype is referred to residual schizophrenia is when a person does not currently experience hallucinations and wired behaviours, disorganized and speech.
9. People affected by Schizophrenia illness have higher chances of attempting or committing suicide. This is because this illness can lead them to act on suicidal thought especially those individuals who have succeeded in life before they were identified with the illness due to depression.
10. Suicide is given more attention in this book. Suicide is among the leading cause of death all over the world. Most people who attempt or commit suicide are most likely to have a mental illness disorder.
11. The America psychological association prefer to use the labels in a manner that are more accurate and less difficult. For example, using labels such as a person with schizophrenia this will result to create awareness of the stigma. This will eliminate a person being objectified by classifying them into a group without minding other aspects.

 

 

 

Work Cited

Sue, David, Derald W. Sue, and Stanley Sue. Understanding Abnormal Behavior. Boston,            MA: Wadsworth/CENGAGE Learning, 2010. Print.