The Belmont Report

1. The aim of The Belmont Report is to condense the basic ethical principles which were recognized by National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
2. The research entails ethical guidelines and principles that the ethical principle the human subjected research (Department of Health, 2014). On the other hand, practice entails the steps prepared to enhance the wellbeing of the individual patients and that ensure that the steps have rational success expectation whereas research involves an activity designed to test hypothesis, make conclusions and facilitate to knowledge production.
3. The ethical concepts are described as follows;

• Respect for persons as a principle of ethics entails elaborates that individuals should be treated as autonomous being s meaning that they should make choices and alternatives without obstructing their activities. Failing to respect the autonomous being is denying them authority to act according to the individualized perception or failure to give information to the beings without a valid reason. Children and the disabled may require protection as a form of respect. Some people require less protection only to ensure that they have the freedom of doing their own activities with sufficient knowledge about their consequences while others need more protection to an extent of protecting them from exposure to the things that might endanger them.
• Beneficence explains that individuals should not only be treated with respect and protection from harm but also in consideration of their well-being. Beneficence falls under the rule of avoidance of harm and increasing the welfare and decreasing the hazards.
• Justice elaborates that people of the same levels should be treated equally and with fairness. Injustice happens when there is denial of some benefits or when some risks are imposed to a person obscenely.

4. The ethical principles are applied as follows;

• Respect for person outlines that individuals should be give n the right to choose what they want to be done for them.  The patients should be given enough information in an organized manner to facilitate adequate understanding. This will ensure voluntary agreement of the consent.
• Assessment of benefits and risks enables collection of organized and comprehensive data concerning the research. Beneficence relates to the justification of research under the favorable assessment of risks and benefits.
• Principle of justice emphasizes on fairness of the procedures and implications of selecting the research subjects. There is application of justice in the selection of research projects in terms of social and individual levels. Fairness is needed at the individual level while social justices calls for drawing distinction of subject classes that have and those that does not take part in a given research project.

 

 

 

 

 

Reference

Department of Health, E. (2014). The Belmont Report. Ethical principles and guidelines for the    protection of human subjects of research. The Journal of the American College of Dentists, 81(3),          4.