Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Trace evidence consists of small items of material largely made up of human and animal hair, cloth fibers (natural and synthetic), items such as geological soil, small glass particles, pollen, wood splinters, gunshot residue, and small smears or flecks of paint. These items are found throughout many crime scenes and are often overlooked or lost.

Explain to your CSI partner in training the methods of finding trace evidence, cautions on not losing or destroying it, and collection methods.
Relate to your partner the components of human hair that are considered class characteristics.
Further, explain how the Locard Principle plays a major part in the transfer of trace evidence and the importance of identifying and collecting it for the investigation.

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Paper Instructions:

the policy-making steps and analyzes the current status for active shooter policies for Public policies for juvenile justice / Health allied agencies.  For issues that are still in progress, comment on what will have to take place for the process to be resolved for. 

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Paper Instructions:

- In this assignment, I would like you to focus on the actions of the investigators as 
described by Grisham and analyze their conduct on two levels.  First, evaluate the way in which they conducted their investigation and compare what they did how investigations should be done.  What did the investigators in the book do well (they did do some things properly) and what did they do poorly?  What fundamental mistakes were made in investigating the case?  Next, analyze the ethical/moral conduct of the investigators.  Were they looking for the truth?  What factors influenced their behavior?  How does the overall performance of the investigators, in this case, reflect on the reputation of law enforcement in general?  In your opinion, which I will expect you to support, did the investigators cross any “ethical lines” in conducting the investigation?  How did their conduct affect the court case against the defendants?  If the investigation had been conducted differently how would the court case have turned out?  Finally, if you feel the investigators acted properly explain why.  These are the types of issues I would like you to address, but feel free to come up with some of your own.

I have collected some information : ( Feel free to look for some more if you needed )
- http://www.supersummary.com/the-innocent-man/summary/

- https://www.readinggroupguides.com/reviews/the-innocent-man-murder-and-injustice-in-a-small-town
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Innocent_Man:_Murder_and_Injustice_in_a_Small_Town

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Paper Instructions:

There are many more roles in criminal justice than simply police detectives or FBI agents or profilers. Earning an advanced degree in criminal justice may take you in a direction other than teaching in higher education, as well. Previously, you were asked to explore careers in criminal justice so that you might begin to understand the wealth of opportunities available to you through the degree pathway you have chosen.

For this assignment, you will revisit the characters from the media piece, Careers in Criminal Justice, from this unit's Studies, to begin to understand how writing in the criminal justice workplace works. View the media piece once again, paying careful attention to the variety of careers in criminal justice. Select a character whose career interests you and that you believe you might be interested in pursuing after you complete your degree.

Conduct some research online to determine what kind of writing this type of career includes. You should run specific searches for the types of writing you want to find. General terms, such as criminal justice writing will not help you locate specific examples, so use specific terms such as the following:

Brief.
Crime analysis.
Police report.
Defense attorney brief example.
Police chief writing examples.
Crime analysis reports.
Writing police dispatches.
As an additional research source, consider using Capella's library search engine, Summon, linked in Resources.

While researching, consider the following questions:

What would you write on a regular basis if you were doing this job?
What are the features of this type of writing?
How often would you write, and who would be the audience for the documents?
What purposes would the documents fulfill?
You may want to interview a professional working in this field to get even more information. Be sure to reach out to the instructor if you have trouble finding information about the types of writing that are used in the career field that you have chosen.

Draft a short paper (2–3 pages), and complete the following tasks:

Explain the different types of writing criminal justice professionals do regularly in the field. Consider the writing professional must do to accommodate for the variety of audiences and purposes for which they write. In your explanation include at what intervals they are likely to write those documents, to whom and for whom, as well as the pressures they face while writing them such as deadlines.
Explain the different situations that require effective workplace communication in the criminal justice field. Consider the rhetorical situation: audiences, purposes, and external pressures faced while writing, and so forth.
In addition, complete the following requirements:

Apply writing skills in creating a document that satisfies the intended writing goals.
Proofread and polish your documents.
Communicate in a manner that is consistent with the standards and expectations of criminal justice professionals.
Be sure to use a formal APA formatted document cover page for this assignment. The APA formatted cover page should include the following elements:

Your name.
The document title. t_gawron_profile
The course name, number, and section. eng1100 u2a1
The date. 4-26-2020
An appropriate running head (the start of the running header for the document).

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Paper Instructions:

Policy Paper on the effects in Victoria, Australia.
The questions are for each section of this policy paper
1. Background on the issue: why and how is street sex work constructed as a ‘problem’ that policy must address? What are the major issues that must be considered? 650-750 words
2. Contemporary policy approaches to street sex work in Victoria and Australia; 200-300 words
3. Shortcoming and inadequacy of the existing policy approaches; 650-750 words
4. Suggested changes: what do you think should be done in order to successfully address the issue and minimise harm? You need to elaborate on why you think this is the best way of dealing with the issue and use evidence to support these claims. 400-500 words

These are the two themes the whole research will be on 
1- How is your case study currently regulated—i.e. what are the current laws in place?
2- What have scholars and other experts said about these laws: are they adequate,
partly adequate, inadequate and why?
    a. Scholars 6 other experts may not agree: if there is a debate, what is this?
    Why is there a debate? What is your position?
    b. How do scholars and other experts think that the law should be reformed?
    Why? Do you agree or disagree?

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Paper Instructions:

Write a ten-page paper discussing the progression of a famous (or infamous) criminal through the criminal justice system paying particular attention to how said progression was influenced by items discussed in our class.
Style Guide: While you must cite any sources used (and I expect you to use sources) you may cite in whichever format you choose as long as you are consistent.  Other than that, papers must be
10 pages long
In Microsoft Word Format (.docx)
12pt times new roman font, double spaced, one inch margins.

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Paper Instructions:

Paula Plaintiff's Really Bad Week, Part 1
Introduction
In this assignment, you’ll need to decide whether Paula Plaintiff has any legal claims arising from a series of unfortunate events. After reading the scenario, answer the questions that follow, making sure to fully explain the basis of your decision.

Paula Plaintiff is shopping at her favorite store, Cash Mart. She is looking for a new laptop, but she can’t find one she likes. Then, realizing that she is going to be late for an appointment, she attempts to leave the store, walking very fast. However, before she can leave, she is stopped by a security guard who accuses her of shoplifting. Paula, who has taken nothing, denies any wrong doing. The officer insists and takes Paula to a small room in the back of the store. The guard tells Paula that if she attempts to leave the room she will be arrested and sent to jail. At this point, the guard leaves the room. Paula is scared and waits in the room for over an hour until the manager comes in and apologizes and tells Paula that she is free to go.

About this same time, Geoffrey Golfer is hitting golf balls in his backyard. Geoffrey decides to break out his new driver and hits a golf ball out of his backyard into the Cash Mart parking lot. The golf ball hits Paula Plaintiff on the head and knocks her unconscious just as she is leaving the store.

Instructions
In a 6–10 paragraph paper, answer the following questions:

What types of legal claims could Paula make against Cash Mart and Geoffrey? Consider the following:
What are the possible tort claims that Paula can make against Cash Mart? Discuss the elements of the claim and how those elements relate to the facts in the scenario.
Was Geoffrey negligent when he hit the golf ball that injured Paula? Discuss the elements of negligence and use facts from the scenario to support your decision.
If Paula files a negligence claim against Geoffrey will she file in civil court or criminal court? Explain the difference between civil court and criminal court.
You will create and submit your assignment by using the ecree link. Just click on the link and start writing. Your work will be saved automatically. You’ll see some feedback on the right-hand side of the screen, including text and videos to help guide you in the writing process. When you’re ready, you can turn in your assignment by clicking Submit at the bottom of the page.

Click the assignment link to start your assignment in ecree. Please note that ecree works best in Firefox and Chrome.

This course requires the use of Strayer Writing Standards. For assistance and information, please refer to the Strayer Writing Standards link in the left-hand menu of your course.

In addition to your textbook, you have access to Nexus Uni through the Strayer University Library. Please take advantage of this excellent legal resource!

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is:

Determine if a plaintiff can make legal claims based on the events in a given scenario.

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Paper Instructions:

Pretrial release and diversion are programs that keep defendants in the community instead of incarceration. Pretrial release is defined as ‘a non-monetary alternative to detention for defendants who are unable to post bail.’ Diversion is an alternative to prosecution that seeks to divert certain offenders from traditional criminal justice processing into a program of supervision and services. 

    Defendants on pretrial release pose two major types of risks: nonappearance for scheduled court dates and commission of a new criminal offense.  Risk assessment instruments attempt to predict these behaviors.  Research on factors that predict recidivism (future rearrest) has found that defendants with more serious criminal histories are more likely to be re-arrested during the pretrial period than those with less serious criminal histories, and community ties, particularly employment, reduce the likelihood of pretrial rearrest.

    Given what you’ve learned this semester, please write an essay/reflection paper that addresses the following questions:

-          What types of programs work best for reducing recidivism?

-          Are there risk assessment instruments that are better able to predict recidivism today?

-          In your opinion, what types of technologies and innovations hold the most promise for ensuring that offenders won’t recidivate? Which types of programs seem least effective?

-          Do you believe that there are any criminal behaviors that should bar offenders from being released pretrial or participating in diversion programs?

        Essays should be typed, double-spaced, using a 12pt. font.  The reflection paper should include a title page and be 4 - 5 full pages in length. The paper will reflect your critical thinking and examination of the assigned topic.  Each student is expected to apply their writing skills to prepare his or her paper. Your grade will, in part, be determined by your treatment of the topic, original, critical thinking, and your use of proper grammar and punctuation (see, Grading Criteria rubric). 

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

1. Carefully READ the case excerpt listed on the next page.
   
   2.    Next, CONSIDER the issues presented in the Court’s opinion.  
   
   3.    Then, RESEARCH the law relevant to these issues in your textbook and/or online, at the sites provided.
   
   4.    Finally, ANSWER the numbered Questions.  
   (You should be able to answer all of the Questions presented in less than two typewritten pages.)
   
   RESEARCH AND WRITING PROCESS
   
   1.    READ the excerpt of Mathias v. Accor Economy Lodging, Inc., 347 F.3d 672 (7th Cir. 2003), which is attached separately to the class Moodle site.  Also READ the reference materials on judicial interpretation in your Beatty Text, as referenced below.
   
   2.    CONSIDER the following facts discussed in the 7th Circuit Court’s opinion.
   
               a.    Plaintiffs Burl and Desire Mathias (the “Mathiases”) sued Defendant Accor Economy Lodging, Inc. (“Accor” or “Defendant”) after they were bitten by bedbugs when they stayed at a Motel 6, owned and operated by Accor, in Downtown Chicago in November, 2000. 
   
               b.    Previously, in 1998, EcoLab, an extermination service that the motel used, had discovered bedbugs in several of the motel’s rooms.  EcoLab recommended that it be hired to spray every room in the motel, for the low fee of $500.  The motel’s management refused. 
   
               c.    In 1999, motel management again discovered bedbugs in one room, and management asked EcoLab to spray that room.  Motel management tried to negotiate a free “building sweep” for bedbugs, but EcoLab refused.  
   
               d.    At trial, the motel’s manager testified that she “started noticing that there were refunds being given by my desk clerks and reports coming back from the guests that there were ticks in the rooms and bugs in the rooms that were biting.”  Also, she testified that she had looked in some of the rooms and discovered bedbugs. One guest was moved four times after being bitten by insects while asleep and discovering insects in the first three rooms.
           
               e.    At trial, the motel’s manager testified because of the number of incidents of guests being bitten and demanding refunds, she recommended to her district manager at Accor that the motel be closed while every room was sprayed, but Accor’s management refused her recommendation.  
   
               f.    By July, 2000, the motel’s management was acknowledging to EcoLab that the hotel had “a major problem with bedbugs,” desk clerks were instructed to call them “ticks,” and many of the hotel’s rooms were placed on “Do not rent, bugs in room” status.
   
               g.    Hotel employees knowingly had placed the Mathiases in one of these infested rooms on “don’t rent” status, and, in fact, many of the rooms on this status were rented to guests.  Guests were charged full rates for these infested rooms.  
   
               h.    Despite Accor’s claim that its conduct, at worst, was negligence (with the Mathiases’ injuries caused by neglect and oversight, rather than by deliberate conduct), based on this evidence and testimony at trial, the jury awarded each of the Mathiases only $5,000 in compensatory damages but also $186,000 in punitive damages.  
   
     3.    RESEARCH the relevant law:
   
   a.    In general, torts (civil wrongs, but not breach of contract) are covered extensively in Chapter 6 (“Intentional Torts and Business Torts”), pages 130 – 155 of the Beatty Text and in Chapter 7 (“Negligence and Strict Liability”), pages 156 – 177 of the Beatty Text. 
   
   b.    Compensatory damages are discussed on pages 138 – 140 of the Beatty Text and as part of the discussion on negligence on pages 166 – 167 of the Beatty Text. 
   
   c.    Punitive damages are discussed on pages 140 – 142 of the Beatty Text. 
   
   d.    You may wish to take a more detailed look at these issues online, at one or more free online legal research sites.  
   
       One free legal research site is http://www.findlaw.com, which should allow you access to a wealth of legal information after a quick, free registration.  
   
       For example, you can find current law on negligence by clicking on the “Accidents and Injuries” link in the “Learn About the Law” column running down the middle of the FindLaw homepage, which takes you to the “Accidents and Injuries page (specifically, http://injury.findlaw.com). From there, click on the “Accident & Injury Law” link near the top center of the webpage, (taking you to http://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law.html). From the “Accident & Injury Law” page, you can click either on the “Negligence” link near the center of this webpage OR on the “Negligence” link under the “Accident & Injury Law” column on the right hand side of this webpage (either one takes you to http://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law/negligence.html online).
   
       From there, you can choose a number of different articles discussing subtopics of negligence, such as a “Negligence Overview” (specifically at http://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law/negligence-background.html) or the “Elements of a Negligence Case” (specifically at  http://images. findlaw.com/optimost/accident-injury-law/elements-of-a-negligence-case-2.html), containing a brief discussion of “Damages,” with a glossary link. 
   
       For less obvious topics/links, a good place to start is the “Search FindLaw” link at the top of the home page or any of the topic webpages.  This search feature can be frustrating (as it is for “punitive damages”), because it frequently leads to basic glossary-type definitions and not much else.  However, on some pages, clicking on the definition or on one of the links below the definition will lead to a more substantive (and useful) discussion.  
   
       For example, typing in “recklessness” as a topic in the “Search FindLaw” box, yields a list of links, including one for a basic “Recklessness – Findlaw” article (located online at http://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law/recklessness.html) that provides a good discussion of recklessness torts and damages for them).
   
     3.    RESEARCH – (Continued)
   
       A second fine, wide-ranging legal library/database is the Legal Information Institute (LII), located at http://www.law.cornell.edu online.  The “Search all of LII…” feature, in the upper right-hand corner of LII’s home page, is not that helpful.  
   
       So instead, click either on the “Wex legal encyclopedia” link in the “Legal Resources” section, near the center of the page, which takes you to the “Wex” page (at http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex online) OR on the “More…” listing under the drop down list from the “LEGAL ENCYCLOPEDIA” link at the top of that page, which takes you to the “Wex Articles” page (http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/wex_artcles, (which, for clarity’s sake, ends with “wex_articles”).
   
       If you click on “Browse” link near the top of the “Wex” webpage (first of the two choices, above), you will be taken to the comprehensive list of Wex topics/links page (at http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/all online).  From there, you may click on a letter link at the top of the page (because the topics/links are organized alphabetically).  
   
       For example, by clicking on the letter “P,” you bring up all topics/links beginning with that letter (still online at http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/all), including “Punitive Damages” (scrolling way down the page).  Click on the “Punitive Damages” topic/link, taking you to a webpage (online at http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/punitive_damages – specifically, for clarity’s sake, “punitive_damages” online) that contains a brief definition and links to leading U.S. Supreme Court cases on the subject.
   
       If you click through to the “Wex Articles” page (second of the two choices, above), you will find a selected list of short Wex articles, which you may browse, depending on your interests, such as “Negligence” (at http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/negligence online).
   
       Yet another online resource, The Free Dictionary (located at http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ online), through the “TheFreeDictionary” button and the “Search” box (type in “punitive damages”) at the top of its homepage, offers a definition (online at http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ punitive+damages) and a “Legal Dictionary” tab (in light blue near the top of the definition page).  Clicking on that tab (while on the “Dictionary/Thesaurus” definition page for “punitive damages”) leads to an extremely useful descriptive history of the development of punitive damages and a discussion of their merits and pitfalls (online at http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ punitive+damages).
   
   
       CAUTION:  General “Google” or “Bing” or “Yahoo!” searches for legal terms frequently lead to advertising (“Need a Lawyer”) or attorney’s opinions or articles advocating political/legislative action.  You must sort through them carefully to determine their validity, accuracy, and efficacy.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Issue Brief Assignment

The final assignment consists of writing an issue brief on an information policy topic of your choice. Students are to model their issue briefs on those of the Congressional Research Service (CRS), such as the CRS reading on the E-rate used in this class. Additional CRS reports are available online in a range of places, though not directly by CRS itself. A good place to start is http://digital.library.unt.edu/explore/collections/CRSR/ (Links to an external site.), a project by the University of North Texas library to digitize and make available CRS reports. This is a very useful resource. Or you may use another search engine to find examples of these reports: https://opencrs.com/

Sample topics for the assignment include:

• Homeland security;

• NSA clandestine wiretapping;

• Digital wiretapping;

• Federal support of public television;

• The FCC mandate for digital television;

• Copyright protection of software and/or databases;

• Digital Copyright/fair use in the digital environment;

• Redefining universal service in the networked environment;

• Information access in the networked environment;

• Filtering of public access Internet workstations in schools and libraries;

• Fair use of on-line electronic journals;

• Hate speech and Internet hate sites;

• Confidentiality of personally identifiable medical records;

• Monitoring your Web surfing: is your clickstream your business?

• Regulating media/telecommunications mergers in the public interest;

• Network Neutrality;

• Digital divide;

• Accessibility;

• Access to government information;

• Privacy;

• E-government and libraries;

• E-government; and

• Topic of your own choosing.

If you do choose your own topic, please discuss this with the instructor PRIOR to working on the Brief.  The paper should follow the formatting and styling of a CRS issue brief. Remember, the purpose  of an issue brief is to inform policy makers on a particular topic. This means that you will need to present technical, legislative, and policy issues in a concise and informative format. Policy makers have little time to digest large amounts of information, and yet need to be aware of the key issues and debates surrounding a particular topic. The briefs should be no longer than 10-12 pages (single spaced), excluding any charts, tables, graphs, or appendices you might include. Include a complete bibliography of source materials used, and follow a citation style with which you are familiar (e.g., APA or Chicago style).

Key Characteristics of the Policy Process


The word policy is used in a number of different ways, ranging from a large-scale meaning (“foreign policy”) to a very particular meaning (“the police chief’s policy of ticketing people driving yellow cars”).



In studying information policy, policy can be used collectively (“information policy in the United States”) to refer to particular policies (“the policy of filtering Internet access in public libraries”). As an area of study, information is rife with specific policy issues; often these policies have an acronym or shorthand descriptor—DOPA, CIPA, USA PATRIOT, DMCA, Section 508, IP, E-gov, etc.



In terms of policy research and analysis, a policy can be generated by executive or legislative arms of a local, state or provincial, or federal government; the judiciary; supranational organizations; and sometimes even professional or governing bodies. A policy can be articulated through the creation, enactment, implementation, or enforcement of legislation, executive orders, judicial holdings, administrative rules or guidelines, proposals, authorizations, programs, outputs, outcomes, or processes.

Key Characteristics of Policy Research and Analysis

It is about real economic, social and political problems that exist in society.
It is oriented toward identifying and solving economic, social and political problems that arise from the creation, implementation, and enforcement of public policy. It can also serve to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of the policy process.
It is multi-disciplinary. Research methods, approaches, and perspectives can be drawn from numerous academic disciplines—primarily those of social science, behavioral science, and law— in analyzing policy. The methods can include quantitative and qualitative approaches. The tools used will depend heavily on the policy at hand and the design of the researcher.
It can employ literature reviews, scientific research methods, and interpretation and analysis based on the findings of the research.
It is influenced by contextual factors, often beyond the control of the researcher. Policy research does not occur in laboratory; as a result, the researcher cannot change many factors that influence a policy and its implementation. Research must be designed with such realities in mind.
It accounts for the populations, organizations, and government agencies affected by the policy and the significance of the impacts.The findings and recommendations should be actionable. Findings from policy research can be innovative and creative, but they must also be practicable and practical.
Aspects of analysis used in the study of a Policy
Clarity – Does it have a clear meaning? Can a reasonable person understand the intent? Are the key terms carefully defined? Are there examples or applications in the policy?Consistency – Is the policy internally consistent?
Ambiguity – Can the policy be interpreted in multiple plausible ways? Are there established parameters for the policy? Does the policy cover one topic or multiple topics?Contradiction – Does this policy run counter to another policy? Are there inherent contradictions within the policy? Does the policy comply with related judicial holdings? Is it constitutional?
Duplication – Does the policy duplicate another policy?Implementation – Are methods of implementation defined? Are responsibilities in implementation defined? Are timelines for implementation defined?
Enforcement – Are methods of enforcement defined? Are responsibilities for enforcement defined? Are timelines for enforcement defined?Gaps – Is additional guidance not in the document needed to implement it? Is there sufficient detail to implement and enforce the policy?
Combination – What happens when the policy is viewed in combination with other policies?Evaluation – Are there mechanisms for citizen or agency input? Are there modification processes? Are there sunset clauses? Are there time frames or benchmarks for policy evaluation or reevaluation?
Impacts – What populations, organizations, or government agencies are affected? Are there disproportionate impacts on certain populations? Is the policy biased in favor of or against certain groups? What short-term and long-term social impacts can be reasonably foreseen from the policy? What is the best-case impact of the policy? What is the worst-case impact?

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Create an outline of the most relevant laws (federal and/or state), court decisions and/or regulatory instruments that govern the implementation of your policy. You do not need to go into a long description or such. Just give me a birds-eye view of how you will track your information policy through the dense forest of advocacy, implementation and effects.

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Paper Instructions:

Choose one of the following essay questions and respond in 2-3 paragraphs.  Points will be allocated as follows: 7.5 points for accuracy; 7.5 points for depth; 5 points for professional writing. 

Option 1:  Congress recently debated raising the federal minimum wage. Do some research on the facts surrounding this debate, and write 2-3 paragraphs on whether you believe federal minimum wage should be increased, taking into account the role of employment law in our country both at the federal and state level.

Option 2:  We discussed a number of laws that exist to protect employees.  Do you think that there are any gaps?  What additional law(s) do we need, and why?