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Do glia cells play a role in removing toxins during sleep?

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How does learning about fear conditioning inform treatments for anxiety disorders?

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What is deep brain stimulation and how is it used to treat Parkinson’s disease?

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Select a specific mental illness of your choice. and create a brochure which addresses the following:
1.    Describe the mental illness selected (description, symptoms).
2.    Discuss stigmas associated with the mental illness selected.
3.    Present different treatment options.
4.    List community resources for a person diagnosed with this disorder.

When creating the brochure, consider the following: 
Is there a specific population whom this brochure would be especially beneficial? For example, a brochure illustrating PTSD may be written to address soldiers or their family members. With this in mind, ensure that information and resources are focused toward this population without specifically stating the population on the brochure. It should be obvious based upon the information included, the visuals, and resources. 

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Nurses’ expertise and empathy are valued in the health care setting. As nurses, we should ensure that we each contribute to advancing the nursing profession through health policies that will improve health care. In this course, you will have the opportunity to learn how you can become a grassroots nurse advocate by acting and speaking as one collective voice. Follow the steps outlined below to write a letter to your Congressperson or Senator to express your view on an issue in nursing that is negatively or will negatively impact health care. The letter should be typed and proofread. Place letter in an envelope addressed to the Congressman/Senator.

Address the following in about 4 paragraphs to include:
1.    Introduce yourself; state the issue that you will address in the letter that is causing the problem
2.    Your opinion on this issue. Why is your issue important for you as a registered nurse; research about the issue to support your argument;
3.    Restate your purpose for writing the letter. Ask the Congressman/Senator to help to take action to address the issue.
4.    Ensure that you thank the Congressman/Senator

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Please complete Rationale PART II, and also answer 4 questions task bellow the Rationale Part II. 
Under the Rationale I PROBLEM STATEMENT #2 pls ad to behavioral ( what literature is saying about is a behavioral factor on why this target group (over 65 African-American) is at highest risk for a Stroke?; 
Thank you!



Developing your Program Rationale – PART I

Includes the following section:

Statement of the Problem
1.  Name of your agency or hospital or school (Must be a venue in the BRONX NY):

Montefiore Medical Centre in the Bronx New York.

2.  Name of the FUNDER to which you are submitting your Pilot Program Proposal:

New York Department of Health as they are in charge of ensuring the highest quality of health care is provided in all medical centers.

3.  Target Population (Include all relevant information, e.g. age group, race/ethnicity, sex):

The project will target specifically African American adult men over the age of 55. This target population is based on the fact that over three-quarters of stroke cases in the United States is experienced by individuals over the age of 65. At the same time, African Americans are more prone to stroke cases, as compared to another ethnicity. 

4.  Health problem faced by this population that your proposal will address:
      
Stroke. 



Use the following section title (“Problem Statement”) and answer the questions below:


PROBLEM STATEMENT  

(Please use Data Source document on Blackboard for assistance)


1.    In bullet points, list at least 5 statistics related to the problem your program will address (should include both national-level and local level statistics).  Include name of source and full web  
•    One in every four deaths in the United States is due to heart diseases, with over 795,000 of stroke cases. 
•    Over 6,000 individuals die of a stroke in New York State each year. (New York government: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/cardiovascular/heart_disease/)
•    In the United States, Stroke and heart problems rate third as a cause of death, with over 140,000 deaths due to stroke each year and about 600,000 first time attacks, and the leading cause of long-term disability. (stroke statistics: http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/stroke-statistics/)
•    Approximately three-quarter of all cases of stroke is seen in individuals over the age of 65. At the same time, the chances of experiencing heart diseases double after the age of 55. (stroke statistics: http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/stroke-statistics/)
•    The leading cause of hospitalization in the Bronx among individuals above the age of 65 is usually heart diseases and ischemic heart disease. This statistic is also seen in the whole New York region (New York Government: Bronx: https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2000nhp-bronx.pdf.) 
2.    In bullet points, provide two factors (determinants) that contribute to the health problem you have chosen.  One should be behavioral.  One should be nonbehavioral. Include name of source and full web link after each in parentheses.


•    Nonbehavioral- Age; as people age, their heart wall thickens, increasing the chances for heart problems. (Gupta, J & Shea, M. (2019). Effects of Aging on the Heart and Blood Vessels. https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/heart-and-blood-vessel-disorders/biology-of-the-heart-and-blood-vessels/effects-of-aging-on-the-heart-and-blood-vessels)
•    Behavioral - Lack of exercise.( what literature is saying about is a behavioral factor on why this target group (over 65 African-American) is at highest risk for a Stroke?;    Lifestylesitting (Hopkinsmedicine https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/sitting-disease-how-a-sedentary-lifestyle-affects-heart-health)
  
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                                        Program Rationale
                                                Part Two

Includes the following sections:

Significance
Solution

Complete the following:


SIGNIFICANCE


1.    In sentence format, give TWO to THREE reasons WHY this health problem needs to be addressed (Think:  improved quality/quantity of life; money saved; needs of population better met, etc.)


SOLUTION


1.    Write the name of your proposed pilot program.



2.    Write ONE goal for your proposed program. 
                  Start your goal with the word, “To:” (e.g. To increase; To decrease; To promote, etc.)          
                GOAL SHOULD BE ONLY 1 SENTENCE LONG.




3.    BRIEFLY describe your pilot program’s intervention components in 2 sentences each:


a.    Health communication strategy (Outreach Technique):


b.    Health education strategy:


c.    Policy-related or environmental change strategy:



4.    List two or more Healthy People 2020 objectives that your pilot program would help to meet. 




5.    In 3-4 sentences, describe ONE SIMILAR PROGRAM that is currently being implemented to address this problem. Include the program’s name, goal, and activities.    



6.    Explain how your pilot program would positively impact the current and future needs of your target population:    



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Answer the following 4 questions:


1.    What is the reason for creating a program rationale?



2.    Why is the support of decision makers important in planning a program?


3.    Who would make good planning partners?



4.    Who should be selected as the member of a planning committee? 

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Paper Instructions:

write  400 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.

Discuss how the electronic health record (EHR) and computerized provider order entry (CPOE) work together. Answer the following in 400 words:

Discuss what errors can be prevented by using these systems. Describe 2 barriers to adoption of these systems. 

Be sure to support your information by citing at least 2 references using APA format.

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Paper Instructions:

write 200 words that respond to the following questions with your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use examples to reinforce your ideas.

There are numerous types of healthcare providers and provider organizations in the healthcare system.  Each of these plays a role in caring for patients.  While they all share the common goal of providing quality care to patients they are unique in many other aspects.  Some of these differences may include organizational structures, staffing, programs offered, and policies and procedures.  Discuss the following questions about the differences in provider organizations:

What are the differences between physician offices and retail clinics? How do specialty groups differ from government hospitals? What are the differences between non-profit and for-profit hospitals?

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Relationship between Alzheimer disease and Stroke

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Paper Instructions:

Please respond to the discussion  and answer the question


Is the patient’s autonomy being respected by involving her in the decision

making process?





No the patient’s Autonomy is being violated. The principle of autonomy asserts that individuals have the right to determine their own actions and the freedom to make their own decisions. Respect for individual is the cornerstone of this principle (Black, 2017).The patient diagnosis requires her to have the strong pain medication to relieve the pain and since she is at the care facility under the supervision of the staff instead the physician and the family are against it. The physician does not ask the patient her opinion violating her rights. I see this happening a lot at my facility where family members want what they want to be done to the patient and not what the patient wants. If a patient is capable of making decisions they should be involved in the cares not unless they are not able, then the power of attorney should consulted and will make the decisions in behalf of the patient
• How could a meeting of all parties involved have been more effective and/or ethical than piecemeal decision making?
The meeting could have helped to plan for and collaborate in the care and management of the patient. When all clinical and non clinical staff collaborates effectively, healthcare teams can improve patient outcomes, prevent medication errors and improve efficiency and increase patient satisfaction (Bhatt &Swick, 2017).The family should also be incorporated instead of them being negative about the whole issue.
• What ethical principles do you see of concern with this case study?
Autonomy: The patient is not given the right to participate in her treatment she ends up not having relief from pain of which staff feels she is demanding. If the staff were able to carry out assessment they would have notified the doctor and would have involved the patient in determining the right medication to relieve the pain.
No maleficence: The doctor is not harming the patient in determining the right medication for the patient. But in this case he is only dwelling much on the family and not involving the patient. During my practice l have across the doctors who write orders or prescribe treatment to the patient according to the family wants and not what the patient wants.
Justice: The principle of justice is that equals should be treated the same and that unequal should be treated differently (Black, 2017). Justice is not exercised in this case the patient is in a lot of pain with no proper pain control.
• Does the nurse have a moral responsibility to be more assertive in advocating for the patient’s relief?
Nurse should establish the therapeutic relationship with the patient and showing emphathy.The nurse should assess the pain level and find out the past medication history then notify the doctor. As a nurse being there and listening to the patient will calm the patient. The nurse can use non pharmacological interventions like cool packs and positioning the patient to help relieve the pain.
• Given that the doctor is likely to see the resident only every two months, what role should the doctor take in assessing and monitoring the pain and its treatment?
It is such a long time for the patient to wait and be seen by the doctor .Pain assessments should be done every four hours and the nurse should notify the physician with severity. As a nurse would notify the director of nursing of the situation and she may collaborate with medical director of the care center to see the patient.
• Explain the ANA Code of Ethics provision(s) you think is violated in the case study and why was it violated?  Describe how you could apply the ANA Code of Ethics in the case to uphold the provisions.
Provision1-The nurse should ensure that the patient’s dignity is respected during patient stay at the care centre and be supportive to keep the patient comfortable.
Provision 2: There was no commitment to this family or patient to help the cope with the pain the patient was having.
Provision 3: The nurse did not advocate for the patient. By careful documentation and assessment would have helped the doctor to come up with the right treatment for this patient.
Provision 4: Nurse did not exercise judgment and decision making in the care and management of this patient
Provision 5: Duties to others-Nowhere in the case study was shown where the nurse was dedicated to serving this patient.
Provision 6: The environment and ethical obligation-Not setting the environment that is conducive for the care of this patient. Is seen when staff states that the patient is very “demanding”
Provision 7: Collaboration with other health professionals-If the nurse would have collaborated with doctor with proper assessment and documentation the patient could have received the right treatment to help ease the pain. This was violated (ANA, 2015).
•List one assumption pertinent to this case that you would like to check and why. The patient is capable of making decisions towards her treatment and care. 
• What other issues do you think this case explores?
How close the family is to this patient and how often do they visit her. Does the family know the pain medication? Does the sister understand about hippa?
Question: A100 year patient is admitted to your facility after sustaining a left sided stroke.
The patient is to undergo rehabilitation at your facility. You are the nurse who has been taking care of this patient and you have developed a nurse patient relationship. One day as you go to do morning cares the patient tells you that she doesn’t want to do therapy and she want to die. When the family members come to visit you tell them about the patient’s wishes. They become so angry with you and that they go in the patient’s room to confront her and would like to talk to the director of nursing. How are the rights of the nurse and the patient violated? If you were the nurse how would you have handled the situation?  


References

American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses: with interpretative statements. MD: silver Spring
Black, B. P. (n.d.). Professional nursing-concepts and challenges (8th ed.). St Louis, Missouri: Elsevier.
Bhatt, J., & Swick, M. (n.d.). American Hospital Association: Advancing health in America. Focusing on Teamwork and Communication to Improve Patient Safety. Retrieved from: https://www.aha.org/news/blog/2017-03-15-focusing-teamwork-and-communication-improve-patient-safety

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Paper Instructions:

For each of the following scenarios, write a response that includes an operational definition of the behavior being addressed, a clear description of an extinction procedure, other principles of behavior analysis that you might use in conjunction with extinction, any questions you might ask the parents/caregivers in this situation, and special considerations you might have for addressing potential obstacles. IMPORTANT: For this assignment you will complete the above work for EVERY scenario described below.

1. Carly is a three year old typically developing child. When her parents turn off the tv, she cries for up to half an hour. Sometimes, she cries, drops to the floor, and kicks. On occasion, she will even kick her mother. When she begins to cry, her parents attempt to soothe her by bringing toys they know she enjoys.

2. José is a fourteen year old with autism. He is nonverbal, but is able to use some signs to request what he wants. When he wants his mother's attention, he pulls at the bottom of his mom's shirt. Recently, he has begun to pull very hard on her shirt, sometimes exposing her shoulder or damaging her clothing. His mother says she's not worried about it when he does this at home, but she is embarrassed when he does it in public, because he won't let go of her shirt until she figures out what he wants and gives it to him.

3. Martin is a five year old who just started kindergarten. During circle time, he has begun to push and kick his peers. This results in him being removed from the circle to participate in a separate activity with the teacher's assistant.

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** TOPIC: Research based on Depression **

Using research databases, look for a scholarly/peer-reviewed quantitative research study on the topic "Depression". In your initial post,

- Appraise the differences between experimental and non-experimental research.
- Differentiate between a correlational study and an experimental study.
- State the hypothesis being tested in the selected quantitative research study.
- Identify the major variables and categorize them as independent or dependent.
- Describe the methods and results of the study.
- Determine whether the study is descriptive, correlational, or experimental, and explain why it fits this classification.