Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Introduction (Introduce the reader to your area of study, the topic/issue that connects your area of study to the city, and which text it will all be discussed in relation to - and give a hint as to what this all matters.) Body Paragraph One: Explain the connection between your area of study and the topic/issue selected for the city Body Paragraph Two: Explain how this topic/issue relating to the city of Montreal relates to one of the texts from our course* Body Paragraph Three: Consider questions and/or more issues that have come up as a result of the connections you are making in your essay. Or use this paragraph to dive deeper into the complexity of issues raised already or to bring in new points. Conclusion: Summarize your approach to this essay. Possible elements to also consider are: what have you learned through by having to apply the theme of writing the city while writing this essay? What are further questions to consider? *Link to article: https://maisonneuve.org/article/2020/06/30/filling-void/

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

How does Romanticism signify a break with Neoclassicism and what characteristics might they share? What were the concerns, themes, and aesthetics of Romantic artists? What facts about the context of Europe may have helped give rise to this movement? Answer these questions and then analyze a Romantic painting, sculpture, or building. What makes it Romantic in terms of subject matter and style?

The Nightmare by John Henry Fusili

* * *

This module's required reading PDF reading reading on Romanticism comes from:

Jane Turner, Ed. The Grove Dictionary of Art: From Renaissance to Impressionism, Styles and Movements in Western Art, 1400-1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

The second PDF is for the second option in the discussion and comes from:

Claudon, Francis, The Concise Encyclopedia of Romanticism. New York: Book Sales, 1987.

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Paper Instructions:

Rococo is also known as "Late Baroque". What, exactly, is "Baroque" about Rococo architecture and art and what is different? What had changed culturally that might explain its appeal to aristocratic patrons in 18th century Europe (in other words, what had changed about the cultural context)? Answer these questions and present an example of Rococo architecture, painting, or sculpture with a brief description of its style and function and what makes it distinctly Rococo.

Mezzetin by Watteau

* * *



Hubala, Erich. The Universe History of Art and Architecture: Baroque and Rococo. New York: St Martin's Press, 1989.

The "Enlightenment and the New Woman" PDF (for the discussion) comes from

Neuman, Robert. Baroque and Rococo Art and Architecture. Boston: Pearson Press, 2013.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Write an analysis of a piece of music based on your listening experience.  You may choose the music, however the piece may not be something from one of the listening assignments throughout the course.  In other words, you may not write about Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, but you may write about his Symphony No. 9, for example.  

You may also choose a song in a style not covered in the course -- for example a rock, R&B, soul, hip hop, rap, folk, Caribbean, or metal song.  You must provide a web link of the music you have selected so that the professor may listen to it.  The essay will not be graded without the web link.  Be sure that the link is readily available and included in your essay paper.

Content:

Do not conduct research on the piece of music; Only include your impressions and thoughts regarding your listening experience. 
Try to incorporate the concepts and technical language covered in this course.
You may write about a single movement, or an entire large work. Likewise, you may write about a single song, or an entire album.
Perhaps you can let your emotional reactions guide your writing.
There may be some technical feature that drives the music (think about the elements of music you learned in the first topics).  
You are free to include your thoughts regarding any personal meaning or connection that you feel with the music.
Do not be vague, but be as specific and detailed as possible.
If there is singing, include the lyrics.
Format:

Modern Language Association (MLA) style
Must contain an introductory paragraph, supporting paragraphs, and a conclusion paragraph  
Length: 600 to 1000 words

File Format: .doc or .docx only  (Do NOT submit anything from Google Docs, as this is unreadable and not downloadable by the instructor).

Dropbox available: July 27 - Aug. 1

Deadline: By Saturday, Aug. 1 before 11:55 p.m.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Primary Research                                                                        

You are to undertake research in the field of furniture history. In particular, you are to seek out a primary text on the subject (for example, Thomas Sheraton’s furniture catalogue, published in London in 1803, is such a text as would be John Stalker and George Parker’s 1688 work A Treatise on Japanning and Varnishing).and you are to write an essay that considers the purpose of the document, the circumstances of its publication and its significance.  The task here is to find a primary text and assess its meanings, historical and critical.  You are required to provide a printed/digital retrieved copy of the text. Bibliographic citations are expected.

A primary text is different from a secondary text in two ways: one it is a living document from the past and two, it therefore requires the careful consideration of what it says, in what context and to what end.  A secondary text is a synthesis of a period in time that will likely use primary texts.  For example, a history of Thomas Chippendale would appropriately look at his published catalog along with other sources, some old and from the time and perhaps more recent works of scholarship.  When a historian uses primary texts in the making of their argument, they do so having immersed themselves in the culture of the period so that the words and images contained in primary sources can be understood as well as possible.

Your task for this assignment is to look for a primary text.  They abound and take many forms: diaries, catalogues, government reports, memoirs, advertisements and so on.  When you find your text, you are to undertake a close reading of it.  A close reading mean you need to read it carefully and thoroughly.  You need to ‘get inside’ the mind of the author and figure out the reasons why the text was written and what it set out to do.  Hepplewhite wanted to advertise his work because he was both an artist and in business.  In order to understand the text, you will need to do research into the period of its creation.  To find a text, you could start with the names of furniture makers or manufacturers or you could look for publications such as magazines that profiled objects by designers.  The goal is for you to look into the print culture of a period for the purposes of doing research in furniture history.

here is an example that can be a reference

ps:  We have looked at early texts including the Roman Vitruvius’s writings on architecture, for example, Hugues Sambin publication on the carving of human forms on the pilasters of case goods and George Hepplewhite’s catalog of neo-classical revival forms in furniture in England in the 1790s.  Each one of these texts is significant because they were created in the past and therefore constitute a contemporary voice (meaning contemporary at the time).  Primary texts provide first-hand information about societies and peoples, about insights into the conditions of society: ideas about making, form, materials, aesthetics and so on.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

In this module, you encountered representative works of French Gothic art and architecture. You gained an understanding of Gothic art and learned the unique vocabulary of Gothic architecture. This module examined style as well as the cultural and intellectual climate that gave rise to the Gothic style.

1. Explain the Chartres Cathedral and Stained-Glass Windows at Chartres Cathedral based on Gothic art and architecture. (200words)

2. Respond to peer's thought(20words each)

    2-1. Peer's thought: When I was 12, I visited Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Although I was tiny, I remember her beauty well. I was also happy to find out about the differences in construction from Gothic to Romanesque architecture.
Gothic construction, or Gothic architecture, was a popular construction style in the Middle Ages, from the 12th century to the 16th century. The change from the Romanesque architecture that preceded it would be the Gothic arch, a pointing arch with an upward inclination element to God. The slight variation in the shape of the bow opened up new possibilities. In the past, the round Romanesque arch required support from the side of, particularly thick and strong walls. The strength of the walls was so important that they had a few small windows. The pointing arch moved the support downward, allowed for high-rise construction, and did not require such thick walls and small windows. On the contrary - the Gothic structure was characterized by tall and magnificent buildings, very complex, with thinner walls than before, beautiful and easy to look at, and most importantly - large windows full of light.
Light means in the Middle Ages a revelation of the spirit. In high and light construction, the church planners believed then that they glorify God and fill the believers with piety - these structures filled the believer with a sense of majesty and holiness, and he felt as if he was standing before God. The construction of Notre Dame Cathedral began in the 12th century and was completed in the twentieth century and took about two hundred years: 14. It was established under the influence of the other Gothic churches built in those years. The ceiling of the cathedral is built of stone, and on it are wooden screens that hold the vaults that are visible from the outside - the height of the bell towers, is about 70 meters. The most significant architectural movements of the Gothic was the removal of the construction to allow for vast spaces. In Gothic, unlike Romanesque, the arches of the church are more pointed, ornaments and developments are common, such as stained glass windows reminiscent of flowers. In April 2019, the Gothic Notre Dame Cathedral of Paris is one of the most important and beautiful cathedrals in the world, considered one of France's distinctive symbols. Every day tens of thousands of people visit it, it has recently undergone renovations, and they have apparently helped to increase the fire. Its flames spread through the construction scaffolding until parts of the building collapsed. Since the fire broke out, there have been claims that the building has been neglected for a long time.

    2-2. Peer's thought: When first reading through the module, the first thing I thought about was the similarities between the stained glass windows of Gothic architecture, and the mosaics of Early Christian and Byzantine architecture. While they have some stylistic similarities, with flat compositions and and frontal, stiff figures, the similarity I really want to focus on is how the two mediums play with light. The two mediums interact with light differently, but they are both used to create a feeling of being transported to heaven itself.

In many of the mosaics of the Early Christian and Byzantine churches and architecture, the tesserae (pieces of stone, ceramic, or glass that make up a mosaic) wouldn't be placed flat on a wall, but rather tilted to catch the light created by candles or windows to create a shimmering effect. This technique is seen in the Mausoleum of Galla Palacidia, where the mosaics would reflect the light of candles to make the viewer "experience a sense of another world" (Harris 3:49-4:09) This manipulation of light would make the mosaic images feel as though they were moving, as if made out of some supernatural element. Mosaics would also be crafted with bright and expensive colors not available to the common people, very similar to the use of color seen in later Gothic stained glass windows.

With the stained glass windows popularized by Abbot Suger, the technique of manipulating light was different but the intent was the same. When looking at the effect a stained glass window makes, there is no sense of movement as seen in early christian mosaics, but there is still a sort of other worldly colored light that fills the room. This is seen in the choir of the Abbey Church of Saint Denis, where light fills the ambulatory to show Suger's belief that the visual aspects of a church can works as "a way of transporting us to the divine" (Harris 4:53-4:59). Suger believed that opulence and light in the church showed the viewer the glory of the heavens and brought them closer to God, a sentiment seen in other Byzantine and early Christian churches but not as explicitly stated.

To me, the stained glass windows of the Gothic style are a sort of evolution of the mosaics seen in earlier Christian churches. While none of them show as complicated scenes as the mosaics we see in the Mausolem of Galla Palacidia or the Church of San Vitale, they manipulate light in a very powerful way. As opposed to reflecting the light off a colored surface, the stained glass windows, as seen in the Abbey Church of Saint Denis or the Chartres Cathedral, actually change the way light enters a building by filtering it through many differently colored panes of glass that take attention away from the stone walls and columns that surround it. It's sort of a combination of reflective mosaic art work and the gravity defying windows that perforate the dome of the Hagia Sophia, combining two ways one can manipulate light to make one feel as if they are in heaven on earth.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Primary Research                                                                          

You are to undertake research in the field of furniture history. In particular, you are to seek out a primary text on the subject (for example, Thomas Sheraton’s furniture catalogue, published in London in 1803, is such a text as would be John Stalker and George Parker’s 1688 work A Treatise on Japanning and Varnishing).and you are to write an essay that considers the purpose of the document, the circumstances of its publication and its significance.  The task here is to find a primary text and assess its meanings, historical and critical.  You are required to provide a printed/digital retrieved copy of the text. Bibliographic citations are expected. 

ps: we will know from your reading of the lecture notes and your viewing of the slides the importance of what are called primary sources in the study of history.  We have looked at early texts including the Roman Vitruvius’s writings on architecture, for example, Hugues Sambin publication on the carving of human forms on the pilasters of case goods and George Hepplewhite’s catalog of neo-classical revival forms in furniture in England in the 1790s.  Each one of these texts is significant because they were created in the past and therefore constitute a contemporary voice (meaning contemporary at the time).  Primary texts provide first-hand information about societies and peoples, about insights into the conditions of society: ideas about making, form, materials, aesthetics and so on. 



A primary text is different from a secondary text in two ways: one it is a living document from the past and two, it therefore requires the careful consideration of what it says, in what context and to what end.  A secondary text is a synthesis of a period in time that will likely use primary texts.  For example, a history of Thomas Chippendale would appropriately look at his published catalog along with other sources, some old and from the time and perhaps more recent works of scholarship.  When a historian uses primary texts in the making of their argument, they do so having immersed themselves in the culture of the period so that the words and images contained in primary sources can be understood as well as possible.



Your task for this assignment is to look for a primary text.  They abound and take many forms: diaries, catalogues, government reports, memoirs, advertisements and so on.  When you find your text, you are to undertake a close reading of it.  A close reading mean you need to read it carefully and thoroughly.  You need to ‘get inside’ the mind of the author and figure out the reasons why the text was written and what it set out to do.  Hepplewhite wanted to advertise his work because he was both an artist and in business.  In order to understand the text, you will need to do research into the period of its creation.  To find a text, you could start with the names of furniture makers or manufacturers or you could look for publications such as magazines that profiled objects by designers.  The goal is for you to look into the print culture of a period for the purposes of doing research in furniture history.  

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

Romanesque art & architecture

Pilgrimage played a key role in the medieval world. It was a conspicuous sign of public devotion. Discuss how pilgrimage impacted Romanesque Europe in terms of (pick one option below):

- decorative arts (like manuscript illumination, or reliquaries, for example)
- architectural developments

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

*Provide a brief biographical description of Bob Fosse (Who they are/were, where
and when were they born/raised, how did they get their start, what are they most well known for, etc.)
*Discuss a critical issue that exists around their work. This should be the main
part of your paper. What social or political contexts do or did this artist work under? How
do these contexts inform or affect their work? (For example: You may choose to write
about Gwen Verdon, and discuss how she had to negotiate working in the male dominated Broadway scene during her era, and how that societal sexism was reflected in her life and her work.)

SOURCES: At least 5 sources. 
Sources may come from a variety of different media, but they must be from solid scholarship about the artist and their social context. Wikipedia and opinion pages about the artist in a printed or online newspaper do NOT count as sources.

Examples of acceptable sources are:
*Printed or online journals
*Books about the artist/social context
*Online or printed scholarly articles
*Documentaries
*Interviews
*Journalism that appears in a newspaper (online or printed) that is NOT simply
an opinion page.

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

The concept of queer has many dimensions, from gender identification to a resistance against structural rigidity to a strange sensation or state of being. Why is art a particularly important language for the dissemination of narratives about non-normative

Questions and Topics We Can Help You To Answer:
Paper Instructions:

5 pages, typed, stapled, MLA Style, double-spaced, including all 
sources (at least 6) properly cited throughout the paper and in the 
bibliography. Format all papers with a one-inch margin all around, 
and 12-point type. Include your name.

For the topic of this paper: you may do a formal and contextual 
analysis of one photograph, compare and contrast two different 
photographs, execute a critical review of a photography 
exhibition, or delve into a issue in photography.


Compare and contrast Victorialist artist and impressionism.
Explain the ways Victorialist artist were influenced by impressionism, describe a image of a Victorialist artist, how that image influenced the image of and impressionism image. Name the artist of the Victoialist artist and the impressionism artist, show the two images used.

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Paper Instructions:

Ancient Mysteries
Click the linked activity title to access Assignment 1: Ancient Mysteries.

Choose one of the topics below that explore an ancient mystery and develop an essay which adequately addresses the topic you have chosen.

King Tutankhamen
Tutankhamen died young, at approximately 18 years of age. However, his cause of death has been the subject of quite varied scholarly theories and conclusions. Did he die of an injury, of illness, of murder, or something else?

The Death of Tutankhamun: Accident, Disease, or Murder?

https://ancientneareast.org/2014/01/01/the-death-of-tutankhamun-accident-disease-or-murder/

Who Built the Pyramids?
There have been many theories regarding how the pyramids at Giza were constructed. Most experts agree that they were constructed as monuments for pharaohs, but how these ancient people constructed monuments of such great size without modern machinery is a mystery being debated to this day.

Did the Hebrews Build the Pyramids?

https://ancientneareast.org//?s=Pyramids&search=Go

Assignment Instructions
Use the course textbook and provided sources related to the theories of how/why the topic remains an ancient mystery. Write a 3–4 paragraph essay (of at least 250–500 words) on the selected topic that includes the following (note each numbered topic in the list gets its own paragraph):

Introduction:
Identify and describe the ancient mystery you selected. Provide a brief history.
Summarize two theories:
Provide a brief summary of at least two reasonable and scholarly theories from your textbook or the linked articles which could explain the mystery. Because some theories may sound far-fetched, include the source or promoter of each theory—such as a scientist, a historian, a theologian, and so on.
Select one theory:
Choose one of the theories about the ancient mystery you selected that you agree with.
Explain what it is that you agree with and why. Why is the theory you selected the best one to explain the mystery?
Conclusion:
Reflect on what you learned and why it's important to our understanding of ancient history and culture. Why is it considered a mystery? Why does it hold such fascination centuries after its discovery?
Your assignment must follow these requirements:

This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS) [PDF]. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Describe a theory that provides a plausible explanation for an ancient mystery.