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Discussion #7: Did America really practice Isolation and Neutrality during WWI?
In 1914 Woodrow Wilson proclaimed U.S. neutrality, and asked the American people to remain "impartial in thought as well as deed." At the end of the war, some members of the government pushed to expand American influence but to also remain free of any commitments, a policy its critics referred to as isolationism.
In order to prepare for this discussion forum: 
•    Review and identify the relevant sections of Chapter 23 that support your discussion.  You might also find some of the content covered in Chapter 21 relevant to this discussion.
•    Read Roosevelt's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
•    Read Wilson's Joint Address to Congress leading to the declaration of WWI
•    Read the transcript of Wilson's  14 Points
After you have completed your readings post a response to only ONE of the following questions.
1.    In your opinion, was U.S. policy in Asia and Latin America between from late nineteenth century to 1914 truly isolationist? Discuss and support your response.


Links:
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=56&page=transcript (Roosevelts)
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=61&page=transcript (Wilsons)
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?doc=62&page=transcript (14 Points)

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Discussion #6: How progressive was The Progressive Era?
The Progressive era stands out as a time when American politics seriously confronted the social upheavals caused by industrialization. However, in some ways, the reform era was not very progressive in how it dealt with women, black Americans, and immigrants.
In order to prepare for this discussion forum:
•    Review and identify the relevant sections of Chapter 22 that support your discussion.
•    Read Booker T. Washington's speech The Atlanta Compromise
•    Read W.E.B. Du Bois The Niagara Movement
•    The Niagra Movement's "Declaration of Principles" by W.E.B.Du Bois
•    Read  Sojourner Truth's Speech to the Akron Convention (1851) and The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (1848)
•    Background on The Niagara Movement-examine the archive
•    W.E.B. Du Bois  collection of his writings
•    Read  W.E.B.Du Bois -The Niagra Movement/PBS site
After you have completed your readings post a response to only ONE of the following questions.
1.    Compare and contrast the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. In your opinion, which of these two men had the better plan? Explain why.

Links:
http://www.emersonkent.com/speeches/atlanta_compromise.htm (atlanta compromise)
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/niagara-movement-1905-1909/ (niagra Movement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIQ-N3R4oXE&feature=youtu.be (declaration of Principles)
https://www.nps.gov/wori/learn/historyculture/sojourner-truth.htm (sojourners
https://liberalarts.utexas.edu/coretexts/_files/resources/texts/1848DeclarationofSentiments.pdf (sentiments)
http://www.webdubois.org/wdb-sources.html ( W.E.B.Du Bois)
https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_niagara.html (Niagra movement pbs)

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Discussion #4: The late 19th-century self-made-man.
Industrialization brought great wealth to America, but the price was quite high. The growing extremes of poverty and wealth that were being exhibited at the end of the 19th century, caused some to seek ways to make possible a just and humane society, while others sought justification for the emerging social order. The gospel of success was preached, promoting the idea that America was the land of opportunity and that hard work led to success. Social Darwinism was used to provide a scientific explanation for why some acquired great wealth while others barely survived. Rags-to-riches stories presented a picture of the opportunities that were available to all, and the success of the self-made man.
In order to prepare for this discussion forum:
•    Review and identify the relevant sections of Chapter 19, that support your discussion.
•    Review background information on the works of Horatio Alger Jr., and read one of his short stories: Ragged Dick, available on this linked site.
•    Read this selection from Andrew Carnegie's the Gospel of Wealth on this link.
•    Read this brief selection on Social Darwinism, written by Herbert Spencer, 1857, who applied Darwin's theories of evolution to society.  He also coined the phrase "survival of the fittest."
After you have completed your readings post your response to ONE of the topics in the following question:
1.    How would you respond to someone who presents you with the arguments proposed by Social Darwinists,


Links: 
https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/spencer-darwin.asp (social darwinism)

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Hi! I need a research essay (and a bibliography) on how and why smoking cigarettes became widespread in the US after WWI. I wrote some notes and potential arguments a while ago, so I attached that here and put a screencap of the official instructions for the essay at the top of that document. I'd like to work together with a writer to finish my draft and arguments rather than have someone write something from scratch. Ideally, the writer could do most of the research, run ideas and sources by me and we'd talk about what the concept for each argument should be (based on if they have found good evidence for it, I don't have time to do the research part).
The assignment is for an honors English 1102 class centered on cultural change and the evolution of specific places (we read There There by Tommy Orange, for example). It has an interdisciplinary feel to it. I have an incomplete in the class right now, but despite that, I think I can make an A.

Conceptual Requirements:
-include attitudes and evidence of patterns before and after to make sure it's clear a change actually did happen
-the body paragraphs should focus on a different factor contributing to the cultural change in smoking; the prof made a point about analyzing the difference in various facets of society. Economic pretext, influence from Britain, culture developed at war among soldiers, female independence at home. If you come up with stronger reasons or easier cases to make while doing research, please tell me!
I have some notes and ideas already done for this essay (it's poorly organized, my bad). Please play off of my writing style and even include sentences or concepts you think would make for good interpretation, exposition, or claims.

Technical requirements:
-the technical point of the assignment is to learn how to use different types of in-text references and citations. Paraphrasing, direct quoting, interpreting an image, etc. Sources could be journal articles, books, primary source documents, propaganda posters, old newspapers, letters from soldiers, etc. No Brittanica encyclopedia general-info type places (I have a link in the draft included but got scolded). At least 5 sources but if you can provide more that would be great.
-The body of the essay should be in typical claim-evidence-interpretation style paragraphs with reputable sources. 
-I'm pretty sure she wants three pieces of evidence for each claim, but you can reuse sources.

I have more resources from the professor I can share with you to make sure it's clear what she wants. I also have a bunch of tabs of potential sources saved that I can send along to help the process go faster.

My apologies for coming off super anal--I get worried that I'm bad at explaining things clearly, so I go ham to make sure. The reason why I need this written by someone else is that I take so long to write due to OCD, and I have to finish my incomplete grade in this English class this week to be able to apply for transfer. I have a big research project and poster presentation that I'm finishing and I just don't have time to do this assignment.

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Write a research paper analyzing the rise of a fascist government in Europe during the early 20th century.

Consider looking at the following areas to research:
- Effects of the Treaty of Versailles on that country
- Role of the local news media and propaganda
- Legality of the Dictators rise to power
-Changes in the economy that led to a fascist government
-Social and Cultural factors
-International responses


You will need a MINIMUM of 4 credible sources.
-Wikipedia is not a credible source!
-Google Scholar is a great tool to find credible sources
-Also use sites that end in .edu or .gov for better reliability


Points breakdown
-70 points for the subject matter
-15 points for correct in text citations
-15 points for correct work cited page

If you do not use any in text citations or provide a work cited page the paper will be returned to you and marked with a zero until they are provided.

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Follow the link above to the primary source document: The Monroe Doctrine.(one to two page) Single Spaced not Double Spaced. Write a brief analysis of the doctrine and its implications using the following questions as guides. The assignment is due on Feb. 25, 11:59pm.

What is the Monroe Doctrine? What role does it ascribe to the United States? To Latin American nations? To European nations? When was this address delivered? To whom was it delivered? What is the tone of Monroe’s statements? What is the significance of this time period in Latin American history? What reasons does Monroe give for his position?

https://library.brown.edu/create/modernlatinamerica/chapters/chapter-14-the-united-states-and-latin-america/primary-documents-w-accompanying-discussion-questions/document-32-monroe-doctrine-1823/

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Reconsidering Columbus Day: The Black Legend Revisited

PREPARATION: In addition to revisiting the readings for Lessons 5 and 6, please watch the following videos in order to prepare to complete this assignment:

1. Columbus Day (Discovery Channel): Background on the holiday as it exists in the USA.

http://www.history.com/topics/christopher-columbus/videos#christopher-columbus-man-and-myth

2. Reconsider Columbus Day: Public Service Announcement

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=il5hwpdJMcg

Reconsider Columbus Day

3. 500 Nations Part 2. Watch from the beginning to 46:15. (Updated link, Fall 2019)

500 Nations - The story of native Americans - part II 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOU_phQTZ0Y


RECOMMENDED: Crash Course in World History. The Black Legend.
The Black Legend, Native Americans, and Spaniards: Crash Course US History #1 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6E9WU9TGrec&t=19s

TOPIC: RECONSIDERING COLUMBUS DAY.
Every October, in towns and cities across the United States, masses of citizens gather to celebrate Columbus Day. The Columbus Day parade has become a revered tradition in many communities. However, increasingly, Columbus Day is greeted with derision and protest on the part of many. In fact, many cities in the USA—including Los Angeles-- are opting to celebrate National Indigenous Peoples Day in place of Columbus Day.

Take a look at the following article from last year:
https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/08/us/columbus-day-vs-indigenous-peoples-day/index.html 


Typically, Columbus Day is particularly important to Italian Americans, and particularly offensive to many Native Americans, for obvious reasons. The defenders of Columbus point out that he was simply a man of his time, that it is human nature to explore, that Columbus was one of history's greatest explorers, and that he had no way to be aware of what he was about to discover or what the consequences of his discovery would be. Without Columbus, or someone like him, America would never have become what it is.

Detractors counter that Columbus was directly responsible for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of New World natives, who succumbed to European weapons and diseases. To them, the "discovery" was just an encounter. After all, the "discovered" knew where and who they were (after all, Columbus thought he had found India!). The New World would have been far better off "undiscovered."

So with all this, in your opinion should we "reconsider Columbus Day? Do you see Columbus as a hero or a villain? Why? Address the controversy surrounding this issue. While this issue goes far beyond historical fact (Columbus could hardly know what we know today), you should try to place yourself in his context--the urge to explore, the historical context in which he sailed in terms of economics, moral values, tradition, etc. Also consider the context of the peoples he "discovered," their reactions, and subsequent events. Use what you learn from the video clips to help you articulate the point of view of the indigenous peoples living in Latin America today.


REQUIREMENTS: Write 225-250 words defending your position. You MUST include ideas from the article and videos as support for your ideas. Please make direct reference to the article and video clips in your response as well as any pertinent information you learned while preparing for the course.

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Purpose
As we have seen in this unit, the origins of the American Revolution were complicated. While the Declaration of Independence has long been viewed as the beginning of the Revolution, in reality, the storm had been brewing for decades by the time Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776.

In this essay, you will be analyzing and evaluating the causes of the American Revolution using both primary and secondary sources.

In the process, you will be practicing one of the key skills in the historical thinking: evidence-based argumentation. Learning to make a clear argument that is supported by specific evidence is essential to the kind of critical thinking that your time in college should help you develop.

Task
In an essay of at least 5 paragraphs and 1000 words, answer the following question:

In this unit, we explored the coming of the American Revolution. Using at least 3 of the primary sources provided in this unit, you should analyze both the long-term and short-term causes of the Revolution.

Expectations and Criteria for Success
You should base your discussion with the information in the course content, though outside research is allowed if needed. DO NOT use Wikipedia as a source. As always, be sure to keep track of where you find your information so that you can provide citations in your final essay. Citations must be formatted according to the MLA guidelines, including both in-text and a final source page.  Guidelines for MLA can be found using the Purdue Owl or you can reference the Citation Help.pdf from the Start Here Module of the course. 

Essays should be typed in 12-point font with a simple, clean font such as Times New Roman or Arial. Use 1" inch margins on all sides and double-space the text. Your essay should be around 1000 words.  

Successful essays should be carefully organized, with strong thesis statements and specific evidentiary support.  Your introduction should include a clear statement of what you will argue in the essay (thesis statements are never questions).  The body of the essay will include at least three paragraphs (though you can write more – with this assignment, you will want four body paragraphs) that analyze and evaluate the idea of nullification. Conclude by discussing the key conclusion you reached and why (remember not to use the first person in formal academic essays).  Be sure to revise and edit carefully.

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Explain the political and strategic significance of the following battles of the Civil War.

Fort Sumter
1st Bull Run
Antietam
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Fort Wagner
Sherman’s March to the Sea

Requirements:

Support your explanations with documented sources. Your essay should include an introduction paragraph and conclusion. A work cited page Must be included. Essays will be due Monday February 3rd. 

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Apply your knowledge of course material to a short examination of women’s activism on the local level.  Additional research may be necessary but integration of course material is essential.  Select a subject born any time between the mid-1930s and the early 1950s, preferably someone who became involved in academic, political or community issues.  Interview her/him using the guidelines we develop.  You may want to consider faculty or staff members if necessary. Use the opportunity to compare national and regional trends, to focus on significant or emerging issues, to test theories and to assess social messages.  Include a one-sentence statement of your thesis in the introduction, include bibliography and footnotes using Chicago Manual of Style

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America became a free independent nation. With the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the former mother country, England, recognized that its children, the colonies, were now on their own. A constitutional republic was birthed, and thus the challenges began. Slavery, the “Peculiar Institution,” was a monumental issue facing the country. Would it die or would it survive and possibly take a nation divided with it? This sectionalism followed Americans up into the Civil War. Dissect this crisis by addressing parts I and II below.

For the next part of this assignment you will create an outline of the main points you want to address in this paper. This will serve as the basis for your Assignment 2.2 Final Draft. (Note: Please use the Purdue Owl website to assist you with this assignment; this website can be accessed at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/engagement/2/2/55/.)

Part 1:

    Write a thesis statement that is one to two (1-2) sentences long in which you:
        State your thesis on the significance of this slavery issue, as exemplified in your research. Justify your response.

For the first part of this assignment you will create a thesis statement. A thesis statement is usually a single sentence somewhere in your first paragraph that presents your main idea to the reader. The body of the essay organizes the material you gather and present in support of your main idea. Keep in mind that a thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself. (Note: Please consult the Purdue OWL website with tips on how to construct a proper thesis; the website can be found at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/545/01/.)

Part 2:
For the next part of this assignment you will create an outline of the main points you want to address in this paper. This will serve as the basis for your Assignment 2.2 Final Draft. (Note: Please use the Purdue Owl website to assist you with this assignment; this website can be accessed at: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/engagement/2/2/55/.)

2. Write a one to two (1-2) page outline in which you:

    Describe two (2) outcomes of the 3/5ths Compromise, Missouri Compromise of 1820, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott Decision. Note: Be sure to provide two (2) outcomes for each legislation.
    Suggest three (3) reasons why slavery was and is incompatible with our political and economic system.
    List three to five (3-5) driving forces that led to the Civil War.
    Use at least three (3) academic references besides or in addition to the textbook. Note: Wikipedia and other similar websites do not qualify as academic resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

    This course requires use of Strayer Writing Standards (SWS). The format is different than other Strayer University courses. Please take a moment to review the SWS documentation for details.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

    Recognize the main factors that led to America’s early development.
    Identify and discuss the different ways that the heritages of slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction have shaped America’s history.
    Summarize and discuss the ways that formal policies of government have influenced the direction of historical and social development in the United States.
    Examine how changes in social and economic conditions and technology can cause corresponding changes in the attitudes of the people and policies of the government.
    Specify ways that women and minorities have responded to challenges and made contributions to American culture.
    Use technology and information resources to research issues in American History to 1865.
    Write clearly and concisely about American History to 1865 using proper writing mechanics.

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Paper Instructions:

State your Research Topic, Objective/Purpose and Research Question(s).
List and label the dependent and independent variables 
State the null and alternate hypotheses. 
What qualitative methods could be used to address your research question(s)? Describe any that could be applied. 
Which would be the most appropriate? Why? 
What are the advantages and disadvantages?