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Can memory be improved by certain drugs?

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Is marijuana medicinal or just an addictive drug?

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Healthcare Fraud... must be cited and current event, must follow all directions 

The Team Project includes two parts. In the first part, conduct your research on the project topic – healthcare fraud, following the project questions. In the second part, brief United States v. Greber, 760 F.2d 68 (3d Cir.1985) case, analyze the situation from the risk management point of view, and prepare a root cause analysis (RCA) and an action plan.

Part 1. Explain the concepts behind healthcare fraud. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the criminal law to punish billing errors in a complex billing system? With respect to violations of false statements and anti-kickback statute, is it important whether a person knew conduct was wrongful? How did the corresponding amendment to the federal statue by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act impact the Ninth Circuit’s Hanlester Network v. Shalala decision? If doctors receive a fixed percentage of joint venture revenues, while this percentage does not depend on the number of referrals, is it legal under Medicare and Medicaid statute? How about under Stark? Compare the penalties (civil or criminal) and the knowledge requirement under Medicare statute and Stark. What could be potential ethical concerns in situations protected by safe harbors? Why doctors with some ‘ownership’ interest in Quest Diagnostics (a member of the S&P 500) may refer patient to Quest without a problem? Would there be a legal problem for a doctor with good intentions to waive a co-payment for an indigent patient?

Part 2. Summarize the facts and prepare a brief of United States v. Greber, 760 F.2d 68 (3d Cir.1985) using the IRAC method. Further, discuss the impact this Medicare fraud event had on internal and external stakeholders. Examine the legal implications related to the healthcare organization compliance, including a review of existing case law that may be applicable to this particular case scenario. Review any legal requirements associated with the case such as documentation and reporting requirements. Analyze the ethical implications associated with the case. Be sure not to confuse ethical and legal implications. Discuss the problem of a provider service arrangement where one of the purposes of the payment is to induce future referrals. Use the Joint Commission Framework for Conducting a Root Cause Analysis template to prepare a root cause analysis of an event in United States v. Greber case. Use the organization plan of action / risk reduction strategies in the template (p.10) to prepare an action plan for managing the risk associated with this event. As a result of assessing the situation and researching best practices, develop a comprehensive recommendation for the key decision makers of this healthcare organization addressing the business problems, opportunities, and a possible course of action.

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There are many users, sources, and purposes for health care statistics. One of the significant sources of health care statistics is the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP, pronounced “H-Cup”). As the HCA, you mention this to your new CEO, but he says he is not familiar with it and asks you to put together a short description of it on how you and your colleagues make use of the data and information provided.

You will prepare a 400-word description of HCUP for the CEO. Include the following in your description:
•1–2-sentence introduction to HCUP, including the agency that administers the project and its purpose 
•What types of data and reports are provided and who uses this resource. 
•An example of a report available to anyone on the site ◦Go to the Reports tab on the Home page. Click on the tab, and then select “HCUP Statistical Briefs – Chronological List.”  
◦From the list, choose a recent brief (the most recent are listed first in the list).  
◦Open and review the brief, and describe what it contains and the types of health care statistics and graphical presentations included in it (e.g., line graphs or pie charts). 

•Finish by including your thoughts about this Web resource and what you find valuable about it. 

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We are constantly bombarded with trends; fashion trends, color trends, even styles of cars or houses that we are told will be popular. What about health trends? What can we see happening with the health of our nation? Is obesity still rising? Are people exercising more? Are fewer people smoking? Once data has been put into a visualization, we can see the trends year after year and attempt to make predictions about the future of population health.

What health trends have you seen recently, and what can this tell us about the future of population health in the United States or around the globe?

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Outline the process for the development of nursing standards of practice for your state, including discussion of the entities involved in developing the standards of practice and how the standards of practice influence the nursing process for your areas of specialty.

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Identify and discuss at least two potential ethical issues that could be of concern for nurses with telehealth delivered care.

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1.       Women and Genital Anatomy.  Although anatomy would seem (Do not forget use and write 3 references on coursework) 
   
   to be a straightforward matter of describing what can be observed in the body, anatomy – including genital anatomy – is a dynamic field.  Today experts debate about what labels to apply and how to understand the function of sexual organs in women.  Look up these terms: clitoris, G spot, vagina, female ejaculation, female genitals.  Choose one of the terms, then discuss: A. What controversies surround your topic?  B. Is your subject more often defined in terms of health or illness?  C. Is your topic a factor in female sexual pleasure?  Is pleasure addressed in the articles you found?  D. Did you learn anything you did not know about this aspect of female genital anatomy?  E.  What research questions remain for anatomists to address about your topic?
   
                                                                                           
   
   2.  Female Genital Mutilation.  Health professionals and many (Do not forget use and write 3 references on coursework) 
   
   women’s rights advocates would like to see an end to female genital mutilation (FGM).  There are some who believe that, because the practice is woven deeply into a culture’s beliefs and practices, change can only be initiated where the practice occurs by local women, not by outsiders.  Find research on female genital mutilation (FGM).  Based on your findings discuss:  A. Consider FGM from the perspective of the people who practice it.  Using the example of a single cultural setting, describe the specific reasons why women practice FGM. (What do women themselves say about it?  Why do they say they do it?)  B.  List three potentially negative health effects of the practice.  C.  Do you think international health officials should leave the eradication effort to local people or intervene energetically to put an end to FGM?  Explain your answer.
   
   
   
   3.      Menopause and Women’s Health in the Second Half of Life. (Do not forget use and write 3 references on coursework) 
   
   Read articles on hormone replacement therapy (HRT).  Based on your findings discuss:  A. Do the articles suggest HRT improves or may threaten health factors such as high blood pressure, heart disease, osteoporosis, or breast cancer.  B. Do you think there is convincing evidence about the safety, benefits and harms of HRT?  What questions remain?  C. What do you think of the advertising campaigns for HRT by drug companies (often using glamorous and well-know women)?  Do you think the ads improve or diminish women’s ability to make informed decisions about HRT?
   
   4.  Aphrodisiacs and Sexual Stimulants.(Do not forget use and write 3 references on coursework) 
   An aphrodisiac is a substance thought to increase sexual desire or capacity.  Explore examples of aphrodisiacs or sexual stimulants, then answer:  A. Is there an aphrodisiac used commonly in your community or among your friends or family?  If so, what is it?  B. What is the most commonly used aphrodisiac in the United States?  C. Look up one commonly used aphrodisiac in another society (China, Brazil, etc.).  D. Name two foods thought to be sexual stimulants.  For each of these consider whether there is evidence that the product is safe and has a positive effect on the quality of sex.

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What do you think of e-cigs? (Are they at least safer than tobacco cigarettes?)

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Box’s quote speaks to the point that it is a near impossible undertaking to fully explain such systems—physical or social—using a set of models. Yet even though these models contain some error, the models nevertheless assist with illuminating how the world works and advancing social change. Select a quantitative article that interests you and that has social change implications.
Describe how you think the research in the article is useful (e.g., what population is it helping? What problem is it solving?).
Using Y=f(X) +E notation, identify the independent and dependent variables.
How might the research models presented be wrong? What types of error might be present in the reported research?

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Instructive guidelines for the paper:

A description of the vulnerable population and why they need assistance in your community.
A description of the health service needs of the vulnerable population you have chosen to serve with your program.
In order to support the need for the service you propose, cite statistical data obtained from your county health department, state health department, and organizations or agencies who serve the vulnerable population.
A description of your proposed community service or program; include the specific service(s) provided and one continuum of care level (prevention, treatment, or long-term care). Explain how the selected service(s) and the continuum of care will impact the chosen population.
Discuss the social and cultural norms of your vulnerable population and how these play a role in the need for the services offered by your program. Describe how the vulnerable population experiences the health care system.  Analyze methods your program can use to overcome social and cultural differences.
Identify two or more community organizations or agencies with which you can partner in order to implement your program. Explain how these organizations can help you implement the services you offer and the continuum of care offered by the potential partnering agencies. Explain which services these organizations will provide to your clientele that are not covered by your program.  
Analyze at least four potential funding sources for your program, one of which must be from a state funded agency, one of which must be from a federally funded agency and the remaining two can be not-for-profit or for-profit business sources. Explain what factors must be met in order to receive funding from your sources.

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Instructive guidelines:

Prepare a recap of the model program for your community that you originally shared in the week 2 written assignment.  As stated in the Week Two directions, changes to the potential program can be made as you research and develop the focus of the program.
Analyze and discuss at least three critical barriers that impact the health and well-being of your chosen group; one must be a micro-level (individual) barrier that is financial, one must be a macro-level (community/state) barrier that relates to access and funding for care, and  the third barrier may be one of your choosing.
Discuss at least one proposed solution for each barrier. Your solution for the micro barrier must include an analysis of various potential funding options (both independent and integrated). Your solution for the macro barrier must include an analysis of financing resources for health care.
Research and analyze the regulatory, legal, ethical, and accreditation requirements and issues for the service(s) offered in your proposed program.  Discuss how each will impact the management of the program.