Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Assignment 1: Stakeholders

Due Week 3 and worth 150 points

Per the text, the federal, state, and local governments of a disaster-stricken area must work together in many ways. The federal government may declare a federal disaster and provide federal assistance to the area if certain requirements are met.

Read the following two (2) FEMA articles:

“National Planning Frameworks”
“Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 93-288) as amended”, Section 401, page 25
Write a five  (5)page paper in which you:

Specify the nature of the interrelationships between the federal, state, and local government, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations as outlined in the National Planning Frameworks and the five (5) preparedness mission areas in the “National Planning Frameworks” article.
Analyze the specific requirements that the government must meet in order to declare a federal disaster and provide federal assistance, as outlined in the “Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Public Law 93-288) as amended” article. Evaluate the importance of each requirement.
Suggest two (2) requirements (not listed in the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act) that you believe the government should follow in order to declare a federal disaster and provide federal assistance. Provide a rationale to support your suggestion.
Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other related websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow 6th edition APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Assess how emergency management personnel respond to the major forms of natural, technological, and man-made disasters.
Determine how the major forms of emergency management work – mitigation, response, recovery, preparedness, and communications – are interrelated. 
Use technology and information resources to research issues in emergency management.
Write clearly and concisely about emergency management using proper writing mechanics.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

As previously discussed on class the pulmonary or respiratory disorders are some of the most common conditions affecting patients in the United States and around the globe.

For a better understanding of the respiratory diseases there is a classification made based on:

Lung Diseases Affecting the Airways

Lung Diseases Affecting the Air Sacs (Alveoli)

Lung Diseases Affecting the Interstitium

Lung Diseases Affecting Blood Vessels

Lung Diseases Affecting the Pleura

Lung Diseases Affecting the Chest Wall

This discussion will be oriented and based on the previous classification, which is why I will introduce each of them as an introductory topic and you will develop a post based on the pathology that you are more familiar with at your practical site. For example, the lung Diseases Affecting the Airways are asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, acute bronchitis and cystic fibrosis. Meanwhile, the lung Diseases Affecting the Air Sacs (Alveoli) include pneumonia, tuberculosis, pulmonary edema, lung cancer and others like the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or pneumoconiosis. Furthermore, the lung diseases affecting the Interstitium could be sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and autoimmune disease. For those pathologies or lung diseases affecting the blood Vessels we can mention the pulmonary embolism (PE) and pulmonary hypertension. In addition, to the previous explained there are lung diseases affecting the Pleura like Pleural effusion, Pneumothorax, or Mesothelioma which is a rare form of cancer that forms on the pleura. Mesothelioma tends to emerge several decades after asbestos exposure. To conclude with this classification, we can mention the lung diseases affecting the Chest Wall like Obesity hypoventilation syndrome and Neuromuscular disorders. As you can imagine each classification brings a broad spectrum to discuss a debate. I will be glad to read all your comments and posts.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

The bipolar disorder also known as manic-depressive illness, has been described as a brain disorder that causes changes in a person’s mood, ability to function, to concentrate, and to respond. The majority of the patients have feel anxious at a specific time and have their up and downs with their level of anxiety rising when stressful event occurs. Nevertheless, some people experience feelings of anxiety or depression and suffer mood swings so severe and overwhelming that interfere with their personal relationships, their job responsibilities, and their daily functioning. For those patients with this symptomatology, it is not uncommon to suffer from an anxiety disorder or also suffer from bipolar disorder. The mood episodes associated with the disorder persist from days to weeks or longer, and can be dramatic, with periods of being overly high and/or irritable to periods of persistent sadness and hopelessness. Severe changes in behavior go along with the mood changes. These periods of highs and lows, called episodes of mania and depression, can be distinct episodes often recurring over time, or they may occur together in a so-called mixed state. Often people with bipolar disorder experience periods of normal mood in between mood episodes. All the reasons explained before will help to differentiate bipolar disorder as a spectrum of moods. For other patients is very difficult to diagnose a simple pathology, which is why, it can be called a mixed bipolar state. After explained the above, I would like to do a comparison among the anxiety with the manic episode of BPD and depression with the depressive episode present on BPD. This will help you for further management and evaluation in your career.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Assignment 1: Iodine Deficiencies in Women

Many women unknowingly are deficient in iodine.

In three to five pages thoroughly explain and/or cover the following:
-What role does iodine plays in the female body?
-Why are so many women are deficient in iodine?
-The benefits of iodine supplementation
-Recommended daily intake of iodine for women in different stages of there lives (Menopause, Childbearing Age, Pregnant, Menstruating) 
-Possible side effects (if any) of exceeding the recommended amounts
- Foods that contain iodine

Remember to include a conclusion, summarizing your key takeaways.

Your reference must contain at least 3 academic sources and 2 nonacademic sources.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Using the American nurses’ association position statement, recommendations for improvement in end of life management focuses on practice, education, research and administration. Listed below are steps that nurses can take to overcome barriers in healthcare practice.

Practice

1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families.

2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others.

3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death.

4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified.



Education

1. Those who practice in secondary or tertiary palliative care will have specialist education and certification.

2. Institutions and schools of nursing will integrate precepts of primary palliative care into curricula.

3. Basic and specialist End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) resources will be available.

4. Advocate for additional education in academic programs and work settings related to palliative care, including symptom management, supported decision-making, and end-of-life care, focusing on patients and families.



Research

1. Increase the integration of evidence-based care across the dimensions of end-of-life care.

2. Develop best practices for quality care across the dimensions of end-of-life care, including the physical, psychological, spiritual, and interpersonal.

3. Support the use of evidence-based and ethical care, and support decision-making for care at the end of life.

4. Develop best practices to measure the quality and effectiveness of the counseling and interdisciplinary care patients and families receive regarding end-of-life decision-making and treatments.

5. Support research that examines the relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices.



Administration

1. Promote work environments in which the standards for excellent care extend through the patient’s death and into post-death care for families.

2. Encourage facilities and institutions to support the clinical competence and professional development that will help nurses provide excellent, dignified, and compassionate end-of-life care.

3. Work toward a standard of palliative care available to patients and families from the time of diagnosis of a serious illness or an injury.

4. Support the development and integration of palliative care services for all in- and outpatients and their families.





Discussion Board Question 2: End of Life Care.

Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, research and administration and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Read book and article and cited work.
Huston, C. J. (2017). Professional issues in nursing: Challenges and opportunities (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Chapter 23: The Nursing Profession's Historic Struggle to Increase Its Power Base, pp. 332–346
Chapter 24: Professional Identity and Image, pp. 347–361
Optional reading (available in ThePoint in Student Resources for Huston4e. You will need to use your textbook's access code.):

Hickson, J. (2013). New nurses' perceptions of hostility and job satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(5), 293-301.

The discussion topic this week pertains to the following Course Outcomes.

CO1: Analyze the role of the BSN nurse in relation to the concepts of integrity, civility, and ethical accountability within nursing practice. (POs 4, 6)
CO3: Develop personal and professional autonomy to advance professional nursing role development. (POs 5, 7)
Describe the way in which nurses are perceived by your patients and the public. Do the best known nurses currently depicted in the media represent the type of nursing image you wish to promote?

Speaking of image, do you feel that no longer wearing traditional white uniforms has had an impact on how nurses are perceived? Is how you dress an important part of your public image?

What could you do to improve the professional image of nurses?

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

We have witnessed many Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) directors, each with their unique style of leadership, throughout U.S. history. Some directors are noteworthy for their achievements, while others are infamous for their lack of performance.

Using research on the Internet and various Strayer library journals or databases, research FEMA directors’ actions over the past thirty (30) years during major U.S. emergencies and crises.

Write a five (5)page paper in which you:

Select one (1) FEMA director whom you believe performed admirably during a major U.S. emergency or crisis. Next, analyze the role this director took during the emergency or crisis. Provide a rationale for your response.
Select one (1) FEMA director whom you believe performed below standards during a major U.S. emergency or crisis. Next, analyze the role this director took during the emergency or crisis. Provide a rationale for your response.
Determine one (1) major decision that each director you selected from Question 1 and Question 2 made which changed the course of recovery from the disaster dramatically. Next, evaluate the level and extent that this decision affected disaster recovery. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other related websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow 6th edition APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Statistical analysis of community health problem

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Hello cohort, today discussion will emphasizes in the most common dermatologic conditions related to eczemas and how to differentiate them for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The term eczema encompasses a heterogeneous group of inflammatory skin disorders that share similar hallmarks of epidermal inflammation. It includes such entities as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, stasis dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, and asteatotic eczema.

Eczema can present acutely, characterized by red, weeping, draining skin with blisters, or it can present chronically, with dry, thickened, scaly skin with alteration of pigment, appearing either at times hyperpigmented or depigmented. Frequent etiologies include extrinsic causes, such as irritant dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis, or intrinsic causes, such as atopic or dyshidrotic eczema. Common morphologic types include hand eczema, nummular eczema (coin-shaped lesions), stasis dermatitis (often affecting the lower extremities in the setting of vascular insufficiency), and atopic dermatitis, which often begins in infancy as part of the “atopic” diathesis.

Atopic dermatitis is one of the more common inflammatory skin conditions. In children, it is characterized by involvement of the cheeks, scalp, and extensor aspects of the extremities. Initially, it appears as weeping, erythematous papules and plaques, sometimes accompanied by vesicles and crusting. Over time, lesions become chronic with thickened, lichenified plaques; later in adults, it presents as chronic hand or face dermatitis. Pruritus is a constant complaint regardless of the patient’s age.

Asteatotic eczema, or “winter’s itch,” which commonly occurs in the elderly, presents with dry, rough, scaly patches and plaques with superficial cracking of the skin that appears like a “dried riverbed.” Areas usually involved are the shins, lower flanks, and posterior axillary line. Elimination of aggravating factors, such as frequent bathing, and application of emollients help significantly.

Stasis dermatitis, another form of eczema, often is associated with other signs of venous hypertension, as evidenced by pitting edema and hemosiderin deposition in the skin. Eventually, patients may develop erythema and scaling around the medial malleoli with intense pruritus and subsequent excoriations; later stages may show cutaneous ulcerations.

For the various types of eczema, therapeutic principles are similar; the dictum, “If it is wet, dry it; if it is dry, wet it,” applies. Drying agents include water and aluminum acetate, and “wetting” agents comprise emollients, such as ointments and creams. Topical therapies for various forms of eczema encompass corticosteroids as well as immunosuppressives such as the calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus cream). Systemic therapy is rarely necessary; however, in refractory or generalized cases, prescribed treatments include oral prednisone, phototherapy, or other immunosuppressives such as cyclosporine, azathioprine, methotrexate, or mycophenolate mofetil. In cases of superinfection, evidenced by weeping, purulent, or honey-crusted plaques overlying areas of eczema, antibiotics may help.

The most significant component of any treatment, however, is educating the patient about the chronic, relapsing nature of eczema. Patients must understand that treatments are tools, not cures. Several proactive measures can help prevent flares: Patients should avoid triggers, modify wet work or handwashing, and liberally use emollients such as ointments and creams, especially after contact with water. Bathing should be brief; showers should be taken with lukewarm to cooler water; moisturizing soaps should be applied primarily to body folds and soiled areas; and within several minutes of bathing, patients should freely administer creams or ointments.

References:

Lowell BA, Froelich CW, Federman DG, Kirsner RS. Dermatology in primary care: prevalence and patient disposition. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;45(2):250-255.
Pedrosa AF, Lisboa C, Gonçalves-Rodrigues A. Malassezia infections: a medical conundrum. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(1):170-176.

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

NR 503 Population Health, Epidemiology, & Statistical Principles  Evaluation of Epidemiological Problem  
Guidelines & Grading Rubric
Purpose
The purpose of this assignment is to
Provide learners with the opportunity to integrate knowledge and skills learned throughout this course
Directly apply principles and knowledge learned in the course to problem solving of population health problems in their own geographic areas. 

Course Outcomes
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes: 
Define key terms in epidemiology, community health, and population-based research.
Compare study designs used for obtaining population health information from surveillance, observation, community, and control trial based research.
Identify appropriate outcome measures and study designs applicable to epidemiological subfields such as infectious disease, chronic disease, environmental exposures, reproductive health, and genetics.
Apply commonly used measures of health risk.
Examine current ethical/legal issues in epidemiology.
Identify important sources of epidemiological data.
Evaluate a public health problem in terms of magnitude, person, time, and place. 

Due Date: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. MT at the end of Week 6.

Total Points Possible: 150

Requirements
This paper should clearly and comprehensively identify the disease (meningococcal disease) or population health problem chosen. The problem must be an issue in your geographic area (pediatric population in south FL ) and a concern for the population you will serve upon graduation with your degree. The paper should be organized into the following sections:
Introduction with a clear presentation of the problem as well as significance and a scholarly overview of the paper.
Background of the disease including definition, description, signs and symptoms, and current incidence and/or prevalence statistics current state, local, and national statistics pertaining to the disease. (Include a table of incidence or prevalence rates by your geographic county, state, and national statistics. (MIAMI DADE COUNTY, MIAMI, FL)
A review of current surveillance methods and any mandated reporting or methods for reporting the disease for providers.
Conduct descriptive epidemiology analysis of the disease including who is more frequently affected and characteristics of the population that might help in creating a prevention plan. Include costs (both financial and social) associated with the disease or problem. 
Review how the disease is diagnosed, current national standards for screening or prevention, and pick one screening test and review its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, cost and any current national guidelines for conducting which patients to conduct this test on. 
Provide a brief plan of how you will address this epidemiological disease in your practice once you are finished with school.  Provide three actions you will take along with how you will measure outcomes of your actions. 
Conclude in a clear manner with a brief overview of key points of the entire disease, 
Preparing the Paper
Page length: 7-10 pages, excluding title/cover page
APA format 6th edition
Include references when necessary.  
Include at least one table to present information somewhere in the paper. 


Directions and Grading Criteria

Category
Points
Possible
Points Earned
Comments
Scholarly Introduction (clear presentation of problem)
10


Background and significance of the disease (includes incidence or prevalence statistics)
25


Current surveillance methods
25


Descriptive epidemiological analysis (includes characteristics of the at-risk population and/or those affected by the disease and costs of the disease)
25


Screening and diagnosis (includes review of current guidelines for screening and diagnosis of the disease. In-depth review of statistics one screening or diagnostic test provided)
25


Plan of action (includes at least three evidenced based actions, supported by literature, that the student will take in their own practice and how outcomes will be measured)
25


Conclusion
10


Mechanics of writing, APA
5


Total
 150
Total Points earned =  
    
A quality paper will meet or exceed all of the criteria requirements.

    


Grading Rubric
Assignment Criteria 
Exceptional
Outstanding or highest level of performance
Exceeds
Very good or high level of performance
Meets
Competent or satisfactory level of performance
Needs Improvement
Poor or failing level of performance
Developing
Unsatisfactory level of performance
Identification of the problem/concern
10 Points
9 Points
8 Points
4 Points
0 Points

Comprehensively identifies the problem/concern
Adequately identifies the problem/concern
Identification of problem/concern is limited
Identification of problem/concern is unclear.
Identification of problem/concern is absent 
Background and significance of the disease (includes incidence or prevalence statistics) 
25 Points
22 Points
20 Points
10 Points
0 Points

Background is complete, presents risks, disease impact and includes a review of incidence and prevalence of the disease within the student’s local area, state, and nationally. Evidence supports background.
Background is complete, presents risk, disease impact and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented and supported by evidence. 
Background missing one or more key points and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented. Lack of evidence or limited presentation of the background. 
Background missing more than one key point and at least one set of incidence and prevalence statistics are presented, or there is no supported evidence. Unclear conclusions or presentation.
Background and significance of the disease is not provided.
Current surveillance methods 
25 Points
22 Points
20 Points
10 Points
0 Points

Current local, state, and national disease surveillance methods are reviewed, currently gathered types of statistics, and information on whether the disease is mandated for reporting, supported by evidence
More than one local, state, and national disease surveillance methods are reviewed, currently gathered types of statistics, and information on whether the disease is mandated for reporting, supported by evidence
One of either local, state, and national disease surveillance methods are reviewed, currently gathered types of statistics, and information on whether the disease is mandated for reporting, supported by evidence
One of either local, state, and national disease surveillance methods are reviewed, currently gathered types of statistics, or only information on whether the disease is mandated for reporting, or evidence is lacking to support this area. Unclear conclusions or presentation.
Local, state, and national disease surveillance methods were not discussed.
Descriptive epidemiological analysis (includes characteristics of the at-risk population and/or those affected by the disease and costs of the disease)
25 Points
22 Points
20 Points
10 Points
0 Points

Comprehensive review and analysis of descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and population most at risk, supported by scholarly evidence. 
Adequate review with some analysis of descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and population most at risk supported by scholarly evidence. 
Limited review and analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and  at-risk population. 
Minimal analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and at-risk population.
No analysis of key descriptive epidemiological points of the identified disease and at-risk population is provided.
Screening and diagnosis (includes review of current guidelines for screening and diagnosis of the disease. In-depth review of statistics one screening or diagnostic test provided)
25 Points
22 Points
20 Points
10 Points
0 Points

Comprehensive review of current guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and statistics related to validity, predictive value, and reliability of screening tests is presented. 
Adequate review of guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and statistics related to validity, predictive value, and reliability of screening tests is presented. 
Limited review of guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and statistics related to validity, predictive value, and reliability of screening tests. 
Minimal or unclear review of guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and statistics related to validity, predictive value, and reliability of screening tests.
Review of guidelines for screening, diagnosis, and statistics related to validity, predictive value, and reliability of screening tests not provided.

Plan of action (includes at least three evidenced based actions, supported by literature, that the student will take in their own practice and how outcomes will be measured)
25 Points
22 Points
20 Points
10 Points
0 Points

A comprehensive plan of action specific to the student’s interests, the problem, and the geographic area is presented with 3 evidenced based actions that will be taken to address the impact, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease. 
An adequate, but not fully comprehensive, plan of action specific to the student’s interests, the problem, and the geographic area is presented with 3 evidenced based actions that will be taken to address the impact, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease. 
A limited plan of action specific to the student’s interests, the problem, and the geographic area is, outcomes, or prevalence of the disease. Three actions are presented with limited or little evidence. 
Actions are minimal or unclear, or lack specificity to geographic area, are not supported directly by evidence or are not direct actions the student can take in practice.
Plan of action not provided.
Conclusion
10 Points
9 Points
8 Points
4 Points
0 Points

The conclusion thoroughly, clearly, succinctly, and logically presents major points of the paper with clear direction for action. 
The conclusion adequately and logically presents major points of the paper with clear direction for action, but lacks one major point or is not succinct. 
The conclusion is a limited review of key points of the paper, is not succinct, or lacks one or more major points of the paper or clear direction for action. 
Conclusion is unclear or significantly limited in overview of the paper.
Conclusion not provided.
Grammar, Spelling, APA
5 Points
4 Points
3 Points
2 Points
0 Points

APA format, grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation are accurate, or with zero to one errors.
Two to four errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted.
Five to seven errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted.
Eight to nine errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and syntax noted.
Post contains greater than ten errors in APA format, grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation or repeatedly makes the same errors after faculty feedback.


Total Points Possible =          150 points    

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

1. Ask a practical or clinical question related to the functional anatomy of the knee.
   What intra‑articular injection in treatment of knee osteoarthritis is best?
   b. Search the literature to find a peer-reviewed journal article that provides insight toward answering your practical or clinical question.
   c. Summarize the article.
   d. Describe how the article answers or addresses your practical or clinical question.
   i. How does information in the article change your understanding of the relevant anatomy?
   ii. Do you think the information in the article will impact your practice? If so, how and why? If not, why?
   iii. Based on the article and your understanding, what other questions do you have or information would be beneficial to know?

Questions we Can Help you to Answer

Paper Instructions:

Discussion Board Assignment
-Examination of the United State National Care Delivery Model
Part I
Initial Post:
2 Paragraphs minimum 5-7 Sentences each
APA Format for Citing Resources
2 Scholarly Resources Required

1.    The U.S. Healthcare Delivery Model differs from international care delivery models.

o    Take a stand on a Healthcare Delivery Model that you feel is the best.
o    Compare and contrast the organizational perspectives and major forces affecting the healthcare system, to illustrate why you feel it is the most beneficial.
o    Base your reasons on fact and cite your resources.

*Minimum requirement of 2 scholarly references on Part I

Part II

Respond to two or other posts stating why you agree or disagree with their posts. Support your opinion with fact and cite your resources.

-In your responses, reference an external source to support your point. Don’t forget to cite your source.  
-Provide a minimum of a five (5) to seven (7) sentence response to each post
-Please ensure that each response is includes proper grammar and punctuation, and is respectful in tone.

Post a:
Healthcare in the United States is and always has been a complex system. This complexity is ever increasing as value-based purchasing and population health management transform our hospital-centric industry into one focused on the continuing care. The United States of America has not implemented compulsory healthcare insurance, like it was done in the most of European countries. None of the proposals to implement compulsory health insurance were enacted in the U.S. At the present moment the country has a well-developed system of private health insurance. Voluntary health insurance plans give people a possibility to choose the most appropriate insurance plans. At the time when this system was implemented in some European countries, American physicians protested against this system since it would interfere within their incomes.
It will require much time and effort in order to reconstruct this system and create a system with single payer. Most probably private corporations, which control healthcare system at the moment, will make a fierce resistance to any changes. They will lose their income if the U.S. switches to single payer system. Such a system would provide all the necessary medical aid to all citizens of the country. Canada has had a successful experience of using such a model. Universal single payer program of Medicare has also proved to be effective in the U.S. All these facts give enough reason to hope that one day the U.S. will turn to this model. 
The health care system in the United States has been a subject of criticism in terms of its effectiveness in the delivery. The Canadian health care system consists on a single payer, which is majorly publicly funded. The health care system in the United States is a multi-payer system, which is mostly privately funded. The cultural orientations of both countries are somewhat similar which implies that the effective Canadian health care system can be applied in the US and yield similar results.

Post b:
In the earlier times of healthcare, the most rudimentary model in the United States (U.S.) was a relationship that was only between the patient and doctor (Assevero, 2009).  In the U.S. there has not been a single system of health insurance: Health insurance was purchased in a private marketplace or provided by the government (Ridic, Gleason & Ridic, 2012).  Private health insurance could be purchased from for-profit companies or from non-profit insurers (Ridic et al., 2012).  About 84% of the population is covered by either public (26%) or private (70%) health insurance (Ridic et al., 2012).  According to Ridic, Gleason & Ridic (2012) There are two types of Managed Care Organizations (MCOs): Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs).  An HMO is a delivery system that combined the insurer and producer functions meaning that HMOs were pre-paid and provided comprehensive services to enrollees (Ridic et al., 2012).  A PPO is a third-party-payer that offered low out -of-pocket pricing to enrollees who acquired care from a preset list of physicians or hospitals (Ridic et al., 2012).
According to Assevero (2009) Europe and Canada offered health care to all citizens at only the cost of higher taxes.  Canada adopted a National Health Insurance program NHI that is government run covering the entire population with a well-defined medical package (Ridic et al., 2012). Canadian taxes finance NHI through a single payer system (Ridic et al., 2012).  Germany focused on a system of social benefits, meaning it was believed that the government was obligated to provide health coverage for all citizens (Ridic et al., 2012).  
After doing the assigned reading and additional reading to create my response, it is my opinion that the best model is what we have in the U.S.  The people who are using health insurance should have a say in how much they are spending to acquire coverage and choice of doctor.  I would not like pay much higher taxes just to have universal health coverage.