Play Time (1967) by Jacques Tati

            Playtime (1967) was one of the most expensive movies in the French history.  Tati produced the Film in Tativille.  The film shows funny episodes about a modern Paris than the current one.  It describes a Paris that comprises of many streets similar to those of America, encircled by amazing glass and steel towers.  Tourists and their guides who spread dreadful shams among the settlers populate the city. It is not an instant deadly disease but it is making everyone to act with frosty attitude affected by flight attendants and reluctance clerks[1].    

            The film produces in a way that it shows the theme of a family inheriting a lot of money.  The family tries to use the money in imagination, loses its soul and later recognizes itself when their fortune goes away from them.  However, it is not the shape of the film that describes its philosophy that is important, or its wit level.  What is important in the film is the fluidity of the illustration suppresses that gets into one another in a way that only Tati recognizes.  Hulot is the main character in the film mainly in the trade section.  The film analyzes the critical attack that disturbs the attention from the movies huge humor such as closing sequence that shows the Parisian traffic circle showing the sacred cause of incompetence.   In addition, Playtime is an irresponsible action of belief described by Tati[2].

            The modern architecture describes the French culture in the film.  The film focuses more on architecture of the spaces rather than the normal description.  Philip who is the film historian describes how architecture shows how people behave.  Tati described how the film lines develop into curves and review how the people’s movements influence the architecture of the surrounding.  Philip claims that in the start of the film, people walk in straight lines and make sharp rotations. Thus, the surrounding influenced their actions[3]. 

            Philip suggests that the film comprises of patterns and movements.  It describes how the shape of a lifeless object has an importance over the route of sense and becomes the image joke. In the film, objects have been made-up and introduced in the modernized world that appears to simplify our lives. He also tries to show us the insignificance of architecture that has been so unoriginal in the current world that has made cities lose their originality.  When Tati uses his camera shows that every person is a tourist, casing life and culture. Therefore, the movie describes how the modern world community is using architecture and commercial products to make them consistent. The design of Tati’s film stresses these notions.  For instance, on using the light shades; blue, grey and black, we are introduced with a cold and dehumanized review of the society[4].

            In describing the complexity of the apartments, we can see the similarities between these apartments.  There is also similarity among the neighbors. In closer view of these apartments, there is the similarity on their furniture design.  The chairs in the homes are the same chairs from the global trade fair in the earlier scene.  The issue on Tati trying to leave the audience in suspense suggests that there is an obstructing wall between the communities[5].

            The architectural approach of the modern city of the future city took a huge aspect, as the cities needs reconstruction.  Different culture in Europe viewed the problems in the restaurants as increased by design, theme, and functions of different components.  The film demonstrates the rise of the modern architecture and the related innovative lifestyle of French society.  In this modern era, the audience is grasps the relationship between people and the modern situation.  The film remains famous for its historical compositions and objects that features each scene.  People can think that the film produced in the area of La Defense, but this is because the controls in Paris to construct high tower buildings changed after Charles was re-elected in 1962, there were not many buildings yet when Tati started his play[6]. 

            Based on the film’s political approach, it shows the style of Democracy.  From the time, Hulot moves out of a bus he manage to interrupt the modern city of glass and steel.  The play starts in 1964, ends in 1967, and refers to a product responding to politics of its historical era.  Based on this approach, Tati’s response against urbanization and the outpacing of daily life in France, and the loss of identity and liberty as described through a connection of the play characters and movements within the main scene[7]. As proofed in 1958 with a dialogue with Bazin, Tati said that in France, adjustments were happening rapidly for normal people to continue with their lives.  The new domain stressed on the consumption of material products and opulence, at the approach of a writer and a personal expression, the quick invention of the world produced similarity with the little idea for the life experience.  Tati acclaimed that he condemned the rejection of personal respect for people and said that the accusations in 1858 could show the increasing anti-authoritarian concern of the Paris youths and workers.  This would burst in Paris rebellion and the protests in 1968 that was several months after the Playtime’s film release[8]. 

            The aspect of unfriendliness that Tati told Bazin appears in the Playtime.  This appears in the first part of the film and in the location of airport in Paris.  The irony in the commonplace world is that the meaning of the space shifts from a significant relation to the characters that pass in and out of the space.  The film does not only show us the unfriendliness effects of the post-war modern world, but also a solution through a delicate play of the humorist and democratic approach.  On this basis, Tati film’s occupation grounded from his early works as a mime and performance artist[9]. 

            The values on the film portray Hulot’s presence in the film as a spirit of impulsiveness that indicates the breakdown of the modern architecture and responsiveness.  In the first instance, Hulot moves from the restaurant against the people getting in.  Because of his size, Hulot staggers passing people while still trying to open the door for other people, here, he is not able to function properly in the given situation.  The inelegance shows a character of innocence that seems to be lost within the severe structure of the innovative architecture.  For Hulot to respond wisely to his environment, he must have a position in the modern world.  This shows how modernism weakens the human wisdom and classifies them as livelihood and reactions to any kind of employment[10].

            As much as Hulot offers help, the downfall increases and soars.  In the modern world, each category has a specific role and function.  Hulot gets irritated of the new system by approaching the function of the guard.  When the guard tries to take his responsibility of being, a conflict results to the demolition of architecture. Tati shows his values for humanity can overcome harsh systems.  However, this is not Tati’s final approach to talk about the connection of the modern systems and kindness. In the last scene, Hulot is trying to show compassion to the American couple where his value becomes of importance and useful.  Despite the outcome of the destruction, this magically changes the suggestive of the traditional Paris.  This growth releases the created tension by the modern world.  After all this, Tati does not enclose the whole restaurant in the new environment, but instead he is giving a similarity of the two.  The American guard demonstrates this, like Hulot who opens the door for people.  He shows his help and value rather than obstructing them.  Tati might be reflecting these values according to the American way of life[11]. 

            Tati uses these approaches as a way of showing changes from the ancient values to the new values.  In Playtime, Paris is a modern city with lines of similar office buildings but does not have innovation. The same office building is on the travel posters of other cities. These images show Tati’s ideas of the changing new world.  The indications do not connect more to the audience, but to the characters in the film. They are frightened by the new towers and have forgotten about the attractiveness and the traditional architectural values. It is possible that Tati was trying to show the idea that though the modern society values has made us forget the past, the modern culture and architecture has drowned out of the past. As a result, although the modern life is irresistible, the attractiveness and the values of the past exist if we keep our eyes open[12].   

Work cited

Cones, John W. Dictionary of Film Finance and Distribution: A Guide for Independent Filmmakers. , 2013. Internet resource. 

Glasmeier, Michael. "Play Time" - Film Interdisziplinär: Ein Film Und Acht Perspektiven. Münster: Lit, 2005. Print.

Shiel, Mark, and Tony Fitzmaurice. Cinema and the City: Film and Urban Societies in a Global Context. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. Internet resource.

[1] Glasmeier, 51

[2] Glasmeier, 65

[3]Glasmeier, 67

[4] Glasmeier, 82

[5] Shiel, Mark & Fitzmaurice, 24

[6] Cones, 287

[7] Cones, 292

[8] Cones, 301

[9] Shiel, Mark & Fitzmaurice, 26

[10] Shiel, Mark & Fitzmaurice, 34

[11] Shiel, Mark & Fitzmaurice, 45

[12] Shiel, Mark & Fitzmaurice 55

Sociological Analysis of a movie

Summary

Crash is a 2005 film and takes place in Los Angeles, California. The movie stimulates a actual existence occurrences where Porsche’s car was stolen on the field of a video hoard. Over a 36-hour period all the stories in the movie sarcastically connects with each other.  The film  leader starts by asserting , “it’s the sense of touch…we miss…so much that we crash into the other just so we can feel something (Berardo & Deardorff, 2012)”. The utilization of the statement “touch” shows the person relation.  “Feel” shows an intellect of feeling that people want the move from one another so that they can feel their human existence.  The review of this approach of individual relationship continues regardless of many unimportant issues that separate us, however it is the review itself but not the matters that provide the film’s main thesis.  The premise in the movie explores in respect of sociology by reviewing how the movie compacts within contest and sex issues (Berardo & Deardorff, 2012). 

What is sociologically important in the movie is about the ancient sex positions that deter the association amid people.  The movie reviews the functions of the ancient males of giver and defenders.  In the movie, there are constant struggles of power due to inequality between classes of people that exist in social class and races.  Social conflict emerges and connects the deviance to the power control in the society.  When people in power positions get into deviance, they face fewer punishments.  In the movie Crash, this is evident when a thief takes advantage of his role when he stops an African American couple for a less doubtful action.  He makes the couple get out of the car and violates the women in front of the husband (Berardo & Deardorff, 2012).    

            Cameron who tries to threaten a group of police officers almost dies.  His irresponsible action ends up comforting his wounded pride.  He is unable to pass decision to his companion for her ability to act irresponsibly, but he must excuse her.  The general prompt for their irresponsibility shares the problem of existing as an ethnic minority that shows him they are together in this.  Thus, they must proceed as friends and not opponents (Berardo & Deardorff, 2012). 

            Facing the dark moment in the film also puts us on approach besides the possibility of damage.  In the film, an American police officer is against discrimination.  On the other hand, in the final views, he offers a black walker and ride while not on duty.  While the other people make sociable discussion about the nation melody, the anti-racial police officer does not believe anything the person says (Berardo & Deardorff, 2012). 

The sociological significance

            Crash movie demonstrates how inflexible sex roles can deter the connections amid people.  In one view, a racist police officer John Ryan pulls over a black film director, Cameron.  Cameron is together with his wife, begins provoking the detective, and refuses to abide by even at Cameron’s frequent demand.  Therefore, she checks if they have guns.  When Cameron reacts with no violence and John plays his wife in a sexually reminiscent manner, she perceives him for not protecting her.  She also blames him of permitting her disgrace so that his workmates could read about him on the papers and notices that he is black (Haltinner, 2014). 

            In the panorama at the movie cottage where Cameron expresses and does not appear to be in fear, he concurs to make the prospect more conventional.   If Cameron is laid off due to his community status, he would finally not pass in providing his role.  This makes him torn between two equal demanding roles and the role perceives through ethnic prejudice he faces.  A split occurs amid him and his wife who claims to be hurt that her husband did not protect her (Haltinner, 2014).  He is annoyed about his wife’s antagonism towards the police detective that he takes as irresponsible. The most noticeable panorama in viewing man as a defender is the rescuer from the scorching car collision. However, there are more matters at the play in the scene, the fact remains that sex is a distinctive damsel in sorrow circumstances. The man is the one viewed as a protector or the person to rescue.  The woman represents a damsel who is unable to protect herself.  To the society that has learned to view sexual category in ancient roles, the panorama could not have depicted vice versa.  It is not obvious for a feminine to put a man out of risk (Haltinner, 2014). 

            The subject who seems to challenge sexual category positions is the Persian woman, Dorri who is a physician. By functioning in an environment that considers masculine gender, she fights against the ideas of sex roles.  While conquering the sexual category positions, she is vulnerable to the patriarchal philosophy in her other existence status.  She shows her fear to her father although it is obvious that she is sophisticated and has enhanced awareness of the earth. The feminine police officer Ria is a different lady who depicts more than a man.  She is strong and a woman of her profession. Conversely, she permits Graham to utilize and disgrace her during sex. Graham informs his mother that he is slumbering with an American woman with the aim of irritating her.  Ria does not instantly wakes up and disappear but the issue of her being on the unhealthy relationship disgraces her feminine power (Haltinner, 2014).

The Critique

            Many of the female characters show the conventional and submissive roles including the typical servile, silent wife and Graham’s mother.  In many of these, besides sex that form their roles as a Middle Eastern culture, there is a racial typecast and social class. There are other issues to think about such as race and society, the gender of these subjects decide their positions.  This is for the reason that the subjects are women permitted to be obedient and powerless (Cartwright & Shingles, 2011).

            The subject that defines the ideological patriarchy and ancient sex roles is Shaniqua who is the HMO manager. When Ryan the police detective talks to her on phone, she hangs up on him rather than forcing his critical explanation. After confronts, she does not give into threats and in this case, she gets into power position and his gender gives him no power control. I believe she claims to show a muscular African woman with the stress being on her race and not the sex (Cartwright & Shingles, 2011).

            I recommend the film to the public as it deals on how people see each other and the judgments that people make based on appearance of others. The movie shows the use of typecasts and the damage that they cause. The film does not challenge the female stereotype but it is clear that the filmmakers did not try to ignore the feminist issue but focused on the race issues.  In trying to view the movie sociologically, the public learns that the daily-unrevealed prejudices that people carry around like weapons distort the universe and make us liars and deceivers. Crash is about racism, every character in the film is racialist about another racial group.  Most of the subjects are in denial about their vagueness and live detached from truth. This is not the truth that we actually know, but the truth that comprises both good and bad (Cartwright & Shingles, 2011).           

References

Berardo, K., & Deardorff, D. K. (2012). Building cultural competence: Innovative activities and models. Sterling, VA: Stylus.  

Cartwright, L., & Shingles, R. R. (2011). Cultural competence in sports medicine. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

In Haltinner, K. (2014). Teaching race and anti-racism in contemporary America: Adding context to colorblindness. 

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkkG34Qwj4Y

‘’Making a murderer’’

Making a murderer is an American documentary show on Netflix television that is directed by Ricciardi and Demos Moira. The video consists of ten episodes which, mainly focus on one main character Steven Avery. The documentary was introduced to the viewers in 2015 whereby; it was the major of discussion that surrounded Netflix back then. The sincere crime series about Avery, a man vindicated for crime after spending over 17years in the State prison. It was one of the biggest shows that hinted audience’s nerve, especially when the DNA helped him clear his name. The show depleted a unique alchemy of new- characters than fiction thereby; it created interest as well as curiosity on audiences. It was sad for to realize that Avery had been imprisoned for over 17years, yet he was an innocent man who had his life with Lori his wife whereby; they raised several young kids. The DNA that proved Avery innocent pointed another individual who was initially suspected of the same crime during investigations but, there were evidences (Marlow, 2016).

Netflix ‘Making a Murderer’ is a moving fodder with the 10 hours of crime story, released by streaming services over the holiday to spare the free time. Viewers of the video suggest that realistic of the story is seen after watching the entire scene thereby; it is obvious that many viewers throws thing on their screens as they range the imperfection of the States justice system.  In the process of the episodes release by Netflix which took ten years, many individuals were transfixed. However, District attorneys as well as defense lawyers received several death threats whereby, people related their position with the documentary (Marlow, 2016).

It was sad for everyone that an innocent man spent 18yeras of imprisonment thus; shows that the security departments are not able to carry out their services properly. Avery’s arrest was as a result of unbelievable numbers of twisted stories though; it opts to have resulted from thorough investigation. ‘Making a Murderer’ has been widely viewed and it has created considerable debate, in Manitowoc where the character lived as well as the similar happening in the nation. It was justice for Avery to become nostalgic about his time in jail after the release because, on the outside he saw nothing else but a world full of lies and injustice (Marlow, 2016).

The producer of ‘Making a Murderer’ made perfections in his wok, since he was able to dupe many audiences globally. The viewers were placed in a position where by believed that, the suspected murderer Avery was innocent whereby; episodes were able to omit basic evidences using the misrepresentation of courtroom testimonies. The producer tries to illustrate to the viewers that the security department failed in their work especially where they already had the original killer hence, failed to detail him in order to find evidence. Arresting Avery was one big mistake they made to the nation because, after viewing the documentary many will drop their hope on police. In the show the police are still condemned whereby two filmmakers. The obsessing part of the entire story is on how Avery got into the mess whereby; he was accused of raping a local lady. Avery being a man, who love kids and together with his wife helped them, is enough to prove that he is a no killer gentleman (Dickey, 2016).

The DNA results appeared to be a happy ending of the story and a new beginning for Avery.  The entire scenarios came with sudden on Avery whereby; the diseased body was found on the suspects’ salvage lot and, he was the last person she visited before death. At the beginning the documentary is quit confusing whereby; a coincident happens on Avery who is an innocent kind man. The police thought their investigation time was spared by; hurriedly arrest Steven without any second thought. Throughout his term in prison Avery had always proclaimed his innocence since his very first accusation (St. John, 2016).

            The producer of ‘Making a murderer’ main aim is on philosophically implicating in viewers’ mind that, changing one’s mind is never easy. For every person there is the cognitive conflict which makes it difficult, when it comes to changing of mind. It is obvious in the police reactions to Avery whereby; they arrested him with a false crime thus; making it difficult for them to disagree with their mind’s decision. The DNA results had nothing to do with Avery whereby; the actual rapist and killer’s DNA matched. The whole conviction appeared to have impacted from law enforcement’s inability to consider truth of a matter.  Some of the law enforcements were not at ease after the evidence was given, since they failed to believe that the entire time they were wrong. The belief that the prosecuted was innocent conflicted with their thoughts as well as goodness. It was about half way of the suspects’ jail term whereby; the dissonance filled with facts was discovered. The police were pressing into a harder situation that made them difficult, in believing that arresting Avery was a huge mistake (Dickey, 2016).

‘Making a Murderer’ is a documentary with an agenda whereby; viewers are positioned in believing that the local police are not reliable plus Steven Avery was an innocent man who need freedom. On contrary the scenarios illustrates reasons for the justice system to relay on trials with huge stories. Law enforcement was part of the case because it still aimed at framing Avery, for their personal interest.  Argument provides the results of the entire scenario whereby; the victim of murder Halbach visited Avery to generate a professional relationship with him. Following the visit was her vanishing in the air to Canada where, she changes her name to hide identity. Halbach was a criminal justice does not fully elaborate why she decided to participate on her own death. She at first faked her death by ignoring ethical implication thus, allowing herself to be sat idly by a sixteen year old boy. The case also depicts anther practical fact whereby; the diseased had disappeared with resources, money as well as brain of the Manitowoc County Sheriff (Wiseselman, 2015).

Steven Avery’s arrest was unconvincing because; suspecting anyone for a murder case there must be a conniving body. According to the victim of murder, her body remains provided an option that she was still alive. However, the police thought the remains as something to point to their suspect. Arguments from many individuals, who supported Avery, were that the collected remains of the victim’s body might have belonged to another woman in Manitowoc County. The You Tube was the main platform that proclaimed to have proof Halbach and the woman they thought the remains belonged too had a distance relationship. You Tube describes clearly describes the generic relationship, with a link that proofs that at least they have one male blood relative. However, the two women’s DNA is likely to match thereby; giving a complicacy that Halbach is still alive (Wiseselman, 2015).

Avery defense team did all they could to proof his innocent and after it was discovered that Lenk was the one with the diseased car keys he became a suspect as well. The lawyers used all means they could to proof that Avery was framed thereby; the first blood sample they took on him wrongfully sent him to prison though they did not give up. The defense team found that someone had tampered with the blood sample and they decided on digging deeper until they were able to come up with clean evidence. ‘Making a murderer’ moved the public whereby they seemed to side with it angle. Since it was release at a time where petitions in America had sprouted on the Whitehouse as well as Charge Organization whereby; the President was to issue a pardon to Avery as well as Brendan Dassey. The trend was also on the social media and, it largely reflected the entire documentary thereby; holding up two defense attorney (Dickey, 2016).

References

The Battle of Algiers analysis

The main point the director of the movie want to put across is that united people can come together and fight the vices perpetrated by even the might in the society.  Despite the Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN) being overwhelmed by the French military , it is able to mobile the Algerian people  to oppose the colonialism and against its constant injustice experienced by natives.  The people were able to come together to fight against colonialism and occupancy towards independence and self-rule.  While such injustice may not be explicit to the view it is depicted in various ways such as physical living spaces for natives and European, the occupations populations take part in and arrogant attitudes of the occupants towards native Arabs.  The Algerian Independence movement was the major driver for self-rule in the country and was driven by individuals who had been radicalized by their experience in the hands of colonialists.   This seems to be the case of Ali who had witnessed the beheading of an activist of FLN while in prison.  The movement involved even women who would disguise themselves as European to gain accesses to places where they could plant explosives.

The most striking scene from in this movie is when three women from the – movement toss aside their views and take on a Western appearance so as to gain access to the European quarter. Such an infiltration enabled them to place explosives in a ticket office of Air France and two café. In the scene various people including waiting passengers, business people at a bar, a baby with an ice cream and dancing teenagers are blown up. This highlights the role played by women in the struggle.

Reference

Policy Analysis Paper: "And The Band Played On"

1. And the band played on is an American directed movie directed by Roger Spottiswoode in 1993. The movie was intended to show to the world the emergence of AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) which was caused by a virus known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the role government and politics played when the disease emerged (Spottiswoode, 1993). The disease was stereotyped in the US where many people believed the disease to be a gay disease only. The government too believed the disease to be only for the gay rather than carrying out necessary research on the deadly disease that claimed lives of many innocent people. The government was reluctant and depended on information from doctors who did not have much information from the disease and only watched people die since they could not help. Due to the fact that people believed the disease was only for the gay, people feared gay people without realizing that the disease was affecting everybody even newborns. All people were dying of AIDS even those who were not gay people therefore people did not know the exact cause of the disease. The doctors too did not know the exact cause of the strange disease which was now killing most people in the US (Spottiswoode, 1993). Doctors, scientists and the government chipped in to research more on the disease when it was too late and they discovered that the virus was being spread by blood contact from one person to the next. It was discovered that sharing needles, unprotected sex and birth caused spread of the disease. The media spread the truth about the disease with the government funding groups and organizations in order to educate the public about the deadly disease and preventive measures when it was discovered AIDS was not a gay disease only.
2. One of the actors believed that "Common sense, however, rarely carried much weight in regard to AIDS policy." The government, doctors and the media did not carry out much effort in ensuring thorough research was carried out on the disease. The disease was associated with the gay people and drug abusers which made it difficult for the government to fund research. In addition the media did not much focus on the disease since it was being associated with less important people that is, gays and drug abusers (Spottiswoode, 1993). Common sense could not help in fighting the disease since research needed to be carried out first. Everybody thought the disease only affected the gay people so they were ignorant in imagining the disease would even affect those who were not gay. People believed whatever the media said about the disease and even what doctors said without thinking that it would affect all people regardless of whether they were gay. The government failed to carry out the necessary research on the disease and the media was also ignorant spreading facts about the disease which made people remain ignorant (Spottiswoode, 1993). People could not reason since they did not know what caused the disease and could only rely on the information given to them by the media, doctors and the government. Since the disease was not much emphasized people believed it was not important and only concerned those gay people before they realized that all people were dying of the deadly strange disease. People did not have much to do rather than wait on information from scientists, doctors, media and the government.
3. Gaetan Dugas was among the first patients to suffer from AIDS even before it was discovered. He was a flight attendant and thus interacted with so many people. He was also gay thus spread the virus to the people he had a sexual affair with. He admitted to have had 750 partners meaning that he had spread the deadly disease to many people since it was not known that unprotected sex was one of the causes of the disease (Shilts, 2011). He spread the disease to many gay people in the US since he did not know how the disease was spread. Doctors used his blood sample to carry out research on the deadly disease and identify the possible causes of the disease. His case was widely emphasized people terming him as the first patient to suffer from AIDS though they were wrong since other people were suffering from the disease earlier before him (Shilts, 2011). Dugas would not have been punished legally for spreading the disease to many people since he did not know what caused the disease. No legal actions would have been taken against him since he had involved himself in something that was illegal. Homosexual was and is not illegal in the US thus Dugas would not have been punished by the law for infecting over 700 people with the HIV virus. Ethical considerations which would have taken place include doctors failing to publicize his case since they made his case popular and he became known all over the US. Doctors are not supposed to publicize the health status of individuals and it should remain confidential at all the time.
4. The government would have ensured it provided funds to the people and organizations that created awareness on the deadly disease like it does today. The government would have ensured enough and adequate research is carried out before the disease claimed lives of people and made people know that the disease only affected gay people. The government just like today would hold campaigns to make people aware of the causes of the disease, preventive measures and how to live with the disease in case one is infected. The government was ignorant and associate AIDS with the gay people and drug abusers therefore failed to put much consideration in providing funds that would identify the causes of the disease (Shilts, 2011). Just like today, the government would provide funds for social services to be given to the infected people since AIDS can affect all people regardless of the gender, age and social class. The government needed to come up with an organization that would create much awareness on the disease just like today and encourage people with the disease to come up and encourage other people. The government would use the media in creating awareness to the public since media reaches wide numbers of people. Currently the media creates awareness on the disease telling people how to live health with the disease, causes of the disease and preventive measures. The government would have ensured that AIDS would be taught in schools like it is done today and given the disease the attention it deserved since it was claiming lives of many people even those who had been given a blood transfusion in hospitals. The government would have encouraged people to get tested for the disease in order to ensure even those found with the disease encouraged to lead healthy lives.
5. Social services carried out on the already infected people are important since they ensure that the patients feel loved and appreciated. The movie encouraged social services such as taking care of the patients, visiting patients in hospitals, encouraging patients to have proper diet and encouraging protected sex among the people (Spottiswoode, 1993). Social services are important and ensure patients feel part of the society since they cannot survive without the society. My agency would ensure it helps the infected by providing them with free medical care and drugs that will prolong their lives. In addition it would encourage and advice patients on the types of food they need to consume which will ensure they remain healthy. I would encourage HIV survivors to encourage patients undergoing the same thing and share experiences for the patients to have hope, that HIV is not death since other people who have HIV lead normal lives. I would ensure my agency encourage people to get tested for HIV and provide guidance services to all the people regardless of whether they are infected or not.
6. AIDS currently does not claim lives of many people compared to the past. AIDS is still a major problem globally since research shows that large numbers of people get infected with the disease daily and numbers of people die of the disease daily and annually too. Prevention of the disease is better than cure thus I would urge many people to prevent the disease since it does not even have a cure yet. People living with HIV take medication for them to prolong their lives since scientists have not discovered the cure yet. There are many organizations, people and groups that have come open to educate the public on AIDS, its causes, preventive measures and how to live positively with the disease. People should therefore get tested for them to know their status and live positively ensuring they prevent themselves from AIDS for those who are not infected. People are urged to have protected sex since sexual intercourse has been the major cause of HIV.

Policy statement

Purpose: To provide comprehensive infection control systems for AIDS and AIDS related infections for all people in the society served by our agency

Scope: This policy applies to all members of the public, medical officers and volunteers.

This agency notes that AIDS is a major global healthy concern and therefore there is need to provide solutions to the common problem. The agency is concerned with ensuring all members and the pubic are safe from the disease and ensuring social services are provided to the infected members.

7. Coming up with health centers that would provide social services freely to the infected people since most of the people in the third world countries lack enough finances to cater for the medical bills. The agency would ensure that the public is trained and educated on ways of living positively with the disease since many people are living with the disease in a healthy manner. The agency would ensure people are educated on proper healthy diets and donations given to those poor people who cannot afford healthy meals.

Ensuring people get tested regularly is another strategy to be used in fighting AIDS. Providing guidance and counseling should be carried out freely in the third world countries. The agency would ensure that people are educated on preventive measures and living positively for those who are infected. Coming up with more research on HIV cure would remain a priority in my agency since there is no cure yet for HIV thus my agency would urge people to prevent themselves from the disease.

References

Shilts, R. (2011). And the Band Played On: Politics, People and the AIDS Epidemic. New York: Souvenir Press.

Spottiswoode. R (1993) And The Band Played On. Retrieved from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0106273/

Rhythmic Moves as Frames for Generic Stages of Horror Movie Trailers

Rhythms offer cohesion in communicative and textual events that unfolds over a period in conversations, acting, film and more. In the general composition of all films the sets arrangements and shots creation and places are all spatially prepared (Leeuwen, 2005). On the other hand, dialogue, sounds and music are approved on the basic of rhythmic principles. In horror movies trailers genre human interactions are rhythmically coordinated. In addition rhythmic moves are also utilized in the organization of phrases. For instance in horror movies trailers and movies the characters as the victim’s shows up at an inaccurate time which is either a bit late or earlier. In addition, they are characterized with missing the culprit catch by walking into the dangerous case situation and this timing generates their demise (Kernan, 2004).  The major rationale behind the wrong timing is that the rhythmic timing of the editor is right.

Trailers for horror films are characterized by shortened pause with loud sounds and music which are the signposts for what is about to occur (Kernan, 2004). The rhythmic moves states with the movement of the victims which is then slowed by the occurrence of an event.  Rhythms  in this  genre plays an  essential  responsibility  by controlling  the manner in which  the story  is  narrated and offers a game of  narrative  revelation and  withholding some information  from the films  views (Kernan, 2004).  This helps in the maximization of the general involvement of events and the story’s suspension abandonment which is passive. The trailers are in a way different and also similar in regard to written texts and spoken conversations.  The spoken language  is always  fast paced  and  short which is characterized  by  quick  textual writing  since the horror genre  presents different perspectives  to view the  film (Kernan, 2004).

            References

Kernan, L. (2004). Coming attractions: Reading American movie trailers. Austin: University of Texas Press.

Theo, V. Leeuwen. (2005). Introducing Social Semiotics. Routledge. Print.

Psychology in the Movies: Forrrest Gump

The film ‘’Forrrest Gump’’ presents a simplified story of a male who has to live with the challenges of mental impairment. Forrrest Gump offers a desirable and a complex character lead position thus offering a special contract to the normal behaviors depicted by adulthood.  Forrrest has a normal life similar to that of his mates. This is depicted in the movie since the beginning where he lives well and even had the opportunity of attending college.  His IQ is 75 and this raises the need for him to be sent to a distinguished institution (Zomeckis, 1994).  His physical appearance as he grows up becomes a part of bully since he had to put on leg braces for a particular health condition that was not being mentioned and the assumption was scoliosis (Zomeckis, 1994).  Despite the fact that his life is characterized by setbacks based on the loss of personality, mental impairment and autism he is able to exist in a life full of success as a father, hero and a millionaire.

Forrrest possess a different development as well as reaction in comparison to others and he is involved in fascinating experiences and proceedings (Zomeckis, 1994).  This offers a contradiction amid the normal events in life because his life is characterized by low rate development. This, therefore, makes the demonstration that cognitive development differs based on an individual’s condition and it should never be utilized as a form of judgment.  The movie  makes it clear that  even those  persons that  are regarded  to be slow by  the majority can be efficient and  fulfill the life  structural framework  that exists  in typical living (Zomeckis, 1994).

The abnormality is normally described as the social norms deviation.  This implies that individuals in the society are normally termed to be different or rather abnormal if the posse’s different behaviors from those that are accepted to be standard behaviors.  This normally poses different perception in the community which results in stigma and isolation of the affected group (Hooley, Butcher, Nock, and Mineka, 2017).  From the film, Forrrest holds an intelligence that can best be called sub-average. However,   he still remains to be an important element in historical processes.  This, therefore, shows his abilities in proving that he has the capability to achieve even greater than normal persons.  Despite the prevailing beliefs, negative judgments as well as discrimination which were subjected to him as he was being regarded as mentally retarded he is able to attain success in many aspects.

Based on DSM-V individuals characterized by mental retardants normally have movement or functional issues since it because difficult to coordinate thinking and movements.  However, the movie contradicts this aspect throughout since Forrrest is able to obtain more athletic expertise continuously (Hooley, Butcher, Nock, and Mineka, 2017).  This is an obvious dissimilarity with the behaviors as well as the features possessed by mental retard persons. DSM-V holds that persons mental development issues are characterized by the lack of social expertise.  This is similar to what is displaced in the movie since Forrrest is unable to adopt the existing clues socially. For instance, his mother  had  sex with the school principal  but  for him,  this  is  like nothing since  he  cannot  be  able to  distinguish the  act.  Even after Jenny’s interactions, he is not able to understand.  He is  displayed to  be  verbally imbalanced since as  he  talks to  other people stutters which are depicted  by when he tries  to narrate  his  story at  the bus stop.  Based on DSM-V it is clear that Forrrest was not completely retarded mentally. Forrrest is characterized  by the  lack of a clear  speech , writing ,  mathematical reasoning,  reading,  social  judgments, communication and interpersonal  skills.  For instance  he is  able to recognize  and offers  a chocolate  to a stranger  and he begins  to  talk  directly  in regard to shoes despite the fact that  the stranger  does not  seem interested (Zomeckis, 1994).

Most individuals prefer not to talk in regard mental illness in the society since it is considered to be a sensitive issue.  Based on this  belief  most persons holds the  assumption that  the occurrence  of  mental  issues  is a rare  thing that   happens to unusual  individuals (Hooley, Butcher, Nock, and Mineka, 2017).  This creates isolation as well as stigma mostly to the affected persons. People can interact with this marginalized group by being real to a real community for them to acquire support (Stanford, 2008).

Mentally  retarded  persons  can be  encouraged  to  overcome their  challenges  through  incorporating them in  social  activities  such as  games  or other  events.  This strategy is moral and it can be effective in raising the self esteem of persons (Stanford, 2008).  In addition,  the  issue  can be  debated in the open  which will  enhance the sensation  of a belonging  to the  group thus  increasing  their  willingness  and  confidence  to  develop their potentials.  Individual responses towards the particular group should be watched and accept their disabilities as well as in-capabilities.   Care  should  always be a guiding  norm  since  those  individuals are  particularly  suffering from  the  illnesses and  all they  require is  support  from the community.  The best strategy to attract the marginalized group to the church setting is through being a part of their existence.  This implies that the community must help them in overcoming obstacles and to avoiding labeling them with the characterization slow abilities (Stanford, 2008).

The community can be Godly through demonstrating understanding as well as increased patient since the group’s growth is a bit low.   More interactions with them can be a good way of providing them with more opportunities to learn and accept their faults and abilities.  With social  acceptance,  mentally disabled  individuals  can be  successful  since  their  impairment  does not  state that  they are  unable rather they  only  need patience (Stanford, 2008). The communications with the persons should be the one that depicts respect.  When an individual  with disability  feels that they  views are  heard and respected  they  are likely  to  consider  any  idea that is being persuaded  into them (Stanford, 2008).

Stigma is a dangerous thing in the society and can best be eliminated in the society by ensuring that the affected persons. the community  should be  wise  and ready to compromise  with  their  needs  and  taking the best possible approaches  to handle  any issue (Stanford, 2008).  In addition, this group should be treated in a calm way without the use of high authority which may send the concept of them being inferior. Isolation can be eliminated by attracting them to the church where their value is upheld and they are highly embraced. Accepting  people despite their  faults  is  normally  a good strategy  that  stirs  high rate of healing  thus increasing confidence and the ability to  grow emotionally  and physically (Stanford, 2008).

            References

Hooley, J.M., Butcher, J.N. Nock, M.K., and Mineka, S. (2017). Abnormal Psychology. Pearson Eductaion.

Stanford, M. S. (2008). Grace for the afflicted: Viewing mental illness through the eyes of faith. Colorado Springs: Paternoster.

Zomeckis, R. (1994). Forrest Gump. Retrieved from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0109830/

Movie analysis

            Hong Kong has one of its features of being one of the few regions that are left where its population if given an opportunity prefers to have their own films as compared to that of the American movies. Thus the region is highly out grossed by locally made films with all the hybrids of all types of genres. The films are presently being distributed all throughout the world and majorly in Asia. The movies constitute a single meta-narrative that integrates every accessible variant of over-romantic, overemotional as well as horrific plotting that are set so as to beat continuously synthesized pop music. This paper therefore will present some of the various features and characterization of three films that is: a better tomorrow, the killer and once upon a time. Contrast will also be discussed in the paper.

            The film a better tomorrow is one of the Kong action movies which are one of the favorites back then in 1986. The film was directed by John Woo’s whose action epic transformed into a massive achievement and a highly powerful film in the Hong Kong cinema. It also was one of the movies that shifted from Chow Yun Fat from a local action icon into an international action icon. Mark Lee is one of the new exclusive action figures who portray Chow’s character. This movie is a master piece as it uses Mark Lee’s physical appearance to recreate some of the Chow’s famous poses for the movie. The image that is brought about Chow Yun fat a character in the film riding in a speedy boat towards the harbor where his enemies are located all together with his machine gun blazing as well as his face erupting in a triumphant grin, not only evokes death as well as destruction but rather a blissful eraser of the world and all its infringement.

            A better tomorrow is one of the noticeable films following its unique development of the theme of friendship as well as honor within the contemporary world. The characters in this movie are not only motivated by sarcasm and self interest but rather by both love as well as shared respect which is one of the example of sorts for the prospect films especially in the epic blood spill genre. The movie however lacks the joyful extent of its sequel’s gonzo in the final operates. This movie can thus be grouped as one that is better polished, resonant piece of the Hong Kong movie making and absolute genre significance. Once upon a time goes as far as the revitalization of the kung fu genre. However, the killer movie has emerged as powerful film figure of the earliest times in the past decade with a high speed narration as well as an optical panache whose movie resembles a music video. This film makes the main character Jet Li, another global martial art star that is perceived to follow in the steps of Bruce Lee as well as Jack Chan (Armstrong 146).

            The killer movie however creates its own visual display and language and this therefore has left a seismic impact on everything that followed after this movie. It is thus a piece of art that leaves the viewer with something to stare at since the script writer focused more on the beauty of bodies of characters who fly through the air with blood squibs found under the white shirts (Bettinson 35). Chow Yun Fat character is used to represent the unrealism as his fat eyes are seen to dance even while he has bullets that are moving around him. This is quite an exceptional piece of art as well as visuals. Once upon film conveys a visual jam filled feast of the stylized action that is within the historically based story which boldly echoes the concerns of the contemporary society.  This is as well a form of art. However, the movie refrains from the unrealistic style of acting and the characters use realistic methods that make the movie an exceptional (White 89).

All these films represent a melodrama story where characters shoot at each other. The lead performers are surrounded with crazy things that drive everything into a representation of unreality. The dizzy handheld cinematography and a gorgeous violence are used in the films with an unearthly synth-score. This is evident from the films as none of the characters who shot at each other are worried that they will run out of bullets but yet they fire more than a single shot. The context of reality that the film portrays makes its own form of sense in the killer film. Once upon movie on the other hand is a more accessible film and is an action movie in Hong Kong setting. It is a film balance of action, drama as well as humor. However, just like a better tomorrow film and the killer movie uses a violent imagery but it has a reality world setting that may fail to appeal sensitive to the viewers.

            A better tomorrow and the killer movie have a similar aspect as they both have a deep and earnest feeling of volcanic power that overwhelms the world that surrounds the characters. The victory remains complete even though the avenger has to die as it is regularly the case with a small price that they have to pay for the emotional fulfillment of conveying the world with him.

            Once upon a time film is involved with negative effects of the western imperialism especially in China and is without a doubt politicized. Though it shows the nationalism of the Chinese it however displays the certain nature of the acceptance of the Western way of doing things and the development of the China nation into a contemporary century. This theme is repeated all throughout the plot of the film as portrayed by the various characters in the film but mostly portrayed by the master Yim character. The film has uncannily convincing quality of the prehistoric Chinese fiction which has a great deal to do with the manner in which he new characters and aspects keep entering the circumstance, and the fast movement of the events that ties up any loose end of the film (Armstrong  et al 147).

            The character in the killer and a better tomorrow film expresses an exemplary performance with a vocal range permitting the character to range from the lachrymose pathos to unrelenting heroes. However in the killer film, the character plays an expertise assassin who carries out a one last killing with an intention of paying for the cornea transplant for the lady that he had blinded in advert during the earlier on shoot out. Once upon movie in China has an interesting plot as from its historic perspective. It also has beautiful choreography as well as cinematography which make the film a stronger version as compared to the other films in addition to Jet Li’s exceptional display of martial skills. Direction of the film’s plot s just but stunning while the fight scenes are regarded as the best that have ever been filmed. The movie conveys a good acting with peak martial arts, an engaging story as well as a directory from the producer (Morton 195). The story behind the once upon a time in China movie explains an epic story that revolves around love, loyalty, brutality, hilarity, nobility as well as morals. The scenes in the movie are directed masterfully and excellently creating a scene of both passions as well as intricate. The theme of confusion is paramount as evidenced by the actors in the story who are lost and chaotic. The influence of the western culture is highly portrayed in the film and especially in the antiquated firearms that the film uses in the 19^th century in China which has resulted into conflict between the ancient Chinese and the European invaders.

            It is thus notable that the Hong Kong movies are recognized due to their story telling features other than their stories. They are also recognized following their global reputation for outstanding artistry. However with the new era, there is evident emergence of technological advancement that has enhanced the production value of these films. The movies uses special effects with luscious color scheme of the traditional Chinese culture thus resulting into unique cinematic experience of the Hong Kong martial arts movies.

References

Armstrong, Richard B, and Mary W. Armstrong. Encyclopedia of Film Themes, Settings and Series. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co Inc, 2010. Print.

Bettinson, Gary. Directory of World Cinema. Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2012. Print.

Morton, Lisa. Cinema of Tsui Hark. Jefferson: Mcfarland, 2009. Print.

White, . Cinema Detours. Morrisville: Lulu.com, 2013. Print.

MOVIE REVIEW

“This Changes Everything”

With respect to this movie, all can be depicted is the fact that it covers a staggering quantity of information and issues. One of this issues which is widely addressed is the concept of capitalism. Forgetting everything that can be depicted from it regarding global warming i.e. carbon emission. Therefore, there is the need of seizing this crisis so that we can be in the position of transforming the economic system (Naomi, 2014). In other words, capitalism evolves or exposes myths which clouds climate debate.

With that, all can be said is that although the current contemporary market can be viewed as to save the economy, the fact is that the general addiction of growth and poverty is digging the government it in deeper every day. In other words, it can be impossible to obtain fossil fuels whenever it is obvious that we acknowledge the means of combating it. This is to imply that all we require is breaking through every rule in the contemporary free-market playbook. In this position, it is all about changing our prospective with humanity. This is to say that humanity is too greed as well as selfish to the extent of raising this challenge- capitalism.  In fact, the entire world remains to be fighting back the stability of the economy just making the whole thing to be surprising and inspiring too (Naomi, 2014).

As much as it is all about changing the world, it is evident that the world usually changes radically thus no citizen who can be safe with capitalism. Whether this can be criticized, the fact is “This Changes Everything” continues to redefine the renowned activism as well as the reporting of the corporate malfeasance that is, the normal misuse of power of corporations which is coupled with the deleterious impacts of the unfettered world free-market western-style capitalism. As the film depicts, all this is unchained from some conceivable governance which restricts profitability.  The reason for this is because capitalism continues protecting the interests of shareholders hence increasing their interests regardless of that of the common citizens.

Nevertheless, “This Changes Everything” to be as a result of unrestricted capitalism that relatively engulfs our world at large. Some forms of globalized or deregulated capitalism which destroys common middle class globally extensively destabilizes societies, increasing inequality thus enriching fantastically wealthy individuals a lot more than communities and people.  This is to say that, the current globalized capitalistic system threatens the resilience and stability of the world. All this are intrinsically and inseparably a part. Together with the issue of reluctance that faces global warming, the reticence of confronting the reality of global warming or climate change is a confronting issue.  Conversely, there is the need of becoming environmentalists.

Similarly, in case capitalism could have been taken care of, what it means is that, all could have stopped or resorted into free trade treaties which indicates the extent at which the community are poor to adjust to the system or to refuse the influx of money and where they can purchase off the government (Naomi, 2014).  Furthermore, it is terribly difficult to leap rapacious capitalists in order to view any form of exploitation to be permissible as long as it can be perceived as to be profitable.  Finally, as the film illustrates, capitalism need to be dealt with so that all individuals must enjoy the benefits which arises from it.

Reference

Naomi K, (2014). This Changes Everything: Capitalism Vs. The Climate. Simon and Schuster Press

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15Yi-IZzdAA

Documented

The movie documented clearly depicts the type of lives that undocumented residents lead in the US. The movie has been acted in such a way that one can be able to understand the problems that immigrants who do not have proper documentation tend to pass through while living in the US. The struggle that they go through, since they cannot be able to get good jobs because they do not have the proper documents required in order to get good jobs (Frank, 2014). The title of the movie Documented, symbolizes whet the immigrants tend to miss while living in the country. Moreover, the title also depicts the desires of the immigrants to have proper documentation in order to be able to lead peaceful lives in the country. Jose Vargas, is the main character in the movie, and he is also an immigrant living in the country without proper documentation. This consequently makes his life unbearable since he cannot be able to do different transactions, simply because he has forged documents and this might lead him into trouble if he is caught by the authorities.

Jose left his parents in Philippines at the age of seven years, and went to live with his grandparents in the US. In this part, Jose tries to explain the way children are usually send abroad by their parents in order to get good education (Frank, 2014). This therefore lives the child in very many problems, since it becomes very hard for the child to be able to acquire proper documentation while in the country. Moreover, the proper methods of travelling were not followed as Jose was travelling from Philippines to the US. This consequently makes it hard for the immigrant to be able to acquire proper documentation simply because Jose’s parents did not do according to immigration laws.

Jose finally arrives in the US and he lives peacefully, knowing that he has proper documentation when they are actually forged. He notices that he is living in the US legally when he was applying for a driving license only to realize that his documents are actually forged (Frank, 2014). He had lived peacefully in the country, and he had also attended San Francisco State University, and became a journalist. He was so successful while working for the Washington post that he won Pulitzer after he contributed to the 2007 Massacre in Virginia Tech University. This consequently depicts the way most people live in the US, and even study up to advanced levels without being noticed by the authorities, and thus making it hard for them to look for proper documentation.

Jose keeps his undocumented life a secret as he carries own with his career, thus nobody realizes that he is actually living in the country illegally. Finally, he decides to publish his story on the New York Times without the fear of being deported back to Philippines (Frank, 2014). His story starts trending, with most televisions airing his television, he is therefore called for most interviews by different televisions in order to explain the way he was able to live without being noticed in such a country. Throughout the movie, Jose has been able to show and encourage immigrants living in the country to work hard, and do things differently in order to be able to win proper documentation from their way of working.

Reference

Frank, S. (2014). Documented Film Review: the Hollywood Reporter

OUR FIRES STILL BURN

The documentary by Audrey Geyer is an exciting and compelling as it takes a contemporary view into the lives of the Native Americans in the U.S Midwest (Geyer, 2016). The documentary dispels the myth of the American Indians who have been seen to disappear from the American horizon and discloses how they have continued to persevere and heal from the past as they tackle the challenges of today society, adhere to their cultural practices and well as contribute greatly to the society. The experiences of the Native Americans have continued to shape the history of the Americans as it has continuously touched deeply both Natives and non-Natives. Their experiences have helped in building bridges of respect, understanding and communication.

Native American has a tragic history that has been considered by many to be “American Holocaust”. During this time the Native American children were forcibly taken away from their homes and were confined to boarding schools. This situation did not only cause situation trauma to the children but it was negatively impacting their physical and emotional health (Geyer, 2016). This led to social problems to all the society members. As a way of overcoming the historical trauma, the Native Americans reclaimed their cultural and spiritual identity which has shaped its history. The healing process was characterized with sacred fire in the healing ceremony (Mihesuah, 2013).

As a way of strengthening the history the Native Americans journalist, artist, advocates and businessman have shared their ancestral teachings fostering diversity and creativity to all natives and non-Natives. They have also inspired, educated and initiated social change that will be remembered by the next seven generation. Despite the stories of assimilation and sadness over the years the community of Native American has given way to cultural preservation and pride (Geyer, 2016). A high rate of substance abuse, depression, and suicide among the Native men was witnessed. During this time there were few social programs that were being implemented in order to facilitate the healing process. However, this has changed with time as there were many programs initiated in order to tackle with the high numbers of the victims. This has shaped not only the society but also the country in that there have focused on all the members whether native or non-Native for the well-being of the society (Mihesuah, 2013).

The resilience of the Native American has continued to embrace their culture more. This is because they were ready to come together and overcome the trying moments. The fire keeper in the documentary explains that there was a meaning behind each ceremony in which the results would exemplify the struggle of the Native Americans to thrive despite the adversity (Mihesuah, 2013). As history has it the horrors of both personal and cultural loss among the indigenous Americans has suffered in a way that it is impossible to quantify but through their voices, they have been able to collectively urge their people that not to succumb to the burdens that have been imposed on them.

In conclusion, the opening of the narration in the history view Indians are justified in can be justified in anger. However anger should not be allowed to destroy anyone and instead, it should be used and turned into something that can benefit and work on behalf of the future generations. Therefore history has been shaped by the experiences and the lives of the Native American that can be used for future reference in order to avoid such pain, trauma and even death to such people as it can be prevented.

Reference

Geyer, A. (2016). Our Fires Still Burn. Retrieved from http://www.ourfiresstillburn.com/about-the-film

Mihesuah, D. A. (2013). American Indians: Stereotypes & realities. Atlanta, GA: Clarity.

Michel Khleili - Wedding in Galilee

Introduction

Wedding in Galilee is a lyrical movie which presents which presents a sensitive and a large issue in a simplified view. The movie provocatively and rhythmically evaluates Israel and Arab conflicts via one-day-long event, a ceremony of the wedding in a dusty and small village of Palestinian.  This is described as an occupied village which is under strict curfews of the military.  Based on the wedding of the governor’s sons the military Israel governor agrees to concede the day provided that he as well as his staffs are present at the event as guests of honor (Kheifi, 14:16). The wedding ceremony is set against the thrilling and high women’s ululation because they are because the father to the groom has been forced to invite the military governor of Israeli and his staffs. 

Wedding in Galilee is exotic to the eyes of the western states as it lures the audiences into a Palestine village ritual wedding feast in Israel. The movie is  directed and written  by Khleifi Michael who was born and elevated  in Nazareth  and currently living in  Brussels who  relies  on  eastern  wandering  narrative depiction.  The movie is fully detailed and generously presented when demonstrating the existence of Palestinians.   The writer of the film turns simplistic and heavy whenever he is trying to bring out the description of Israelites with the 20th-century setting.  The movie utilizes a single dimension in order to narrow down the understanding of the audience.  The sympathies of the writer in the film appears to be unexplored for obvious reasons. When the leader of the village makes the decision that his son should conduct a traditional celebration that must go throughout the whole night he is expected to acquire permission from their governor in order to   completely break this curfew.  The governor wears a headdress as well as a long robe with an impassive and weathered face which is a visual of a composed dignity.  An Israel officer who is presented by the film writer as an injustice ogre roars that the village extremist must thus be taught a lesson by raising the curfew as the guest of honor in the particular village (Kheifi, 23:17). The film was produced in the period when there were no virtual films portraying the life of Palestinian. The film utilizes a dismissive perception towards the Israelites.  The film depicts the Arab village to be in love with almost all the present anthropological details.  The film utilizes slow details accumulations to ensure that the readers fully understand the concept of the film, he slow details piling   becomes deadening at least. this presents the  movie as  a strong and a  very rare sample  of a middle eastern  film  which makes  a vibrant depiction of the middle eastern culture.  Unlike  most of the  palatable  easily  films  the  movie  completely forces  its audiences  to  make decisions on whether  to  separate the concepts of art and those of politics. In addition, it also permits the audiences to make decisions  in regard  to whether  they should  accept  the film  on the basis of the created terms.

The movie clearly illustrates the writers view in regard to women based on the femininity concept of both Arabs and Israelites. The film is based bodily and wealthy grounds in the society.  However, something that makes the film as unique is that it withstands all the setting argumentative at the Palestinian-Israel conflict and goes beyond everything that is viewed as obvious.  Instead, the movie addresses the subtle and complex relationships based on the daily existence of Palestinian (Kheifi, 34:16).

A wedding in galilee is a movie that is characterized by different voices which is executed as an opera that generates traditionaland archaic and the present world into a confrontation.  The scenarios with the village leaders and the military governors bring people into a dramatic struggle. This is in that it develops a confrontation amid individuals, political and cultural grounds (Kheifi, 44:06).  All this takes place in a colonial scenario under the full domination of Israel.  According to the film the Middle East has utilized so much time in accepting and embracing changes. The old world does not want to leave their states and the modern one is consuming too much energy to bring changes.  The film highlights that the region requires changing and change must be incorporated sooner.

Despite the fact that the film is seen as a criticism against the Middle Eastern states it is a depiction of regional boundaries.  This film, therefore, demonstrates the need for the Middle Eastern religion to embrace changes as well as development (Kheifi, 31:08). This is accomplished through a peaceful conclusion which helps in gaining additions visions in the audience's mind.  The epilogue helps in following the struggles of individuals living in the   particular region and the need for achieving transformation.  This is depicted through the expression of oppressions by the leaders thus sending a message of the individual’s future wish and gaining a life that is occupational free.

The film places more privilege to certain characters and tails over the others, but the camera is attentive, independent as it captures the lives of Palestinian at the same time both from inside and outside.  This it does while moving between Palestinian’s viewpoint s, which comprises of the angry groom, a provocative sister, a father who is very accommodative, conservative and conformist, young radicals and Palestinians collaborating with Israel. There is a shift between the father who is dealing with external matters and a mother dealing with interior matters and a conspiracy of young militants plotting against a governor (James, 1).  The director manages to shift from the perilous picturesque constantly portrayed in the Palestinian community and which is induced by the colorful sounds and images. Various aspects in the community such as ideological, familial, generational and sexual tensions are exposed and conveyed by the movements of the camera or the transitions of montage from a single locus to another that is opposite (Shohat,1). Although such differences in the community are alluded to in the film, it tends to mainly reflect a common struggle or history of liberation from the occupation of the Israeli forces. Another allusion is the firm sense of cultural identity and a connection rooted to the land and its history and an actual defiance to the occupiers’ denial mechanisms.  The camera’s affectionately scrutinizes the collective rituals and ceremonies of the rural community, and also shows a degree of fascination with the Eastern anthropology while making a subtle political point. The manner in which the camera fluidly shifts from a character to another and a thorough blending of various languages and voices shows that a society that is divided along economic classes. The film attempts to audibly and visually refute the control of the Palestinians by the Israel occupier forces while trying to represent them as accidental natives of the land that was unoccupied. The Galilee Wedding film associates the land, crops, vegetation and the plentiful food with Palestinians but not Europeans Jewish (Shohat, 1).  The strategies utilized by the director where he conflates have gains as well as losses. This is shown in the presence of a Palestinian nationality having a clear vision of the need for political liberation struggle. The film further attempts to show that the whole of misery experienced by the Palestinians has resulted from the disastrous encounter with the Israeli forces. This makes the narrative structure of the film a kind of national legitimization.

This film represents a significant contribution to the Palestinian filmmaking at the national level at very critical points in the development of the nation. His works is poised in a manner to oppose the tone of the propagandist tone of Palestine Liberation Organization militant’s films after the end of the 1967 Six-Day War in which the Israelis gained large territories. This had become to be known as al-Naska or disaster to the Palestinians (Ball, 4). The Wedding in Galilee has meditative and lyrical style which drew the attention for the manner in which it tended to capture a deep sense of insecurity in the nationhood of the Palestinian. It has directed in a thoughtful ambivalence or rather an “accented cinema” and this could be the main reason why it became the first feature film from Palestine to be accorded international recognition, thereby being awarded the International Critics’ prize.  Contrasting it with the PLO’s work, the Khleifi’s vision power of nationhood can be found in the manner in which it recognized many conflicts that existed within the Palestinian society and especially touching on the gendered and generational concerns (Ball, 4:6). The film managed to establish the interplay of masculine and feminine, male and female, traditional and modern identities at the core of the aforementioned vision. In this sense, the film introduced, in the Palestinian cinema, a strong inclination towards the introspection and a gendered self-critique.   The film, in all sense, has the legacy of the producer’s aesthetics that can be said to be very daring, and including his inquisitive attitude towards gender. Khleifis interference with the gendered paradigm points towards a potential for feminist and arises a nationhood model that departs from the conventional notions of unity, while embracing a destabilized, fragmented and hybrid Palestine vision. 

Wedding in Galilee incited international outcry and acclaim among different nations in the Arab world on certain basis. First it placed focus on the occupation of Israeli military and secondly, its portrayal of the weak, physical gendered body.  The extent of the film intact is seen where the Israel distributors appealed for the title to be changed by cutting it to The Wedding with an aim of diluting the disturbing political back drop in brought in center stage by Khleifi.  On the other hand, critics in countries such as Morocco and Egypt condemned how male impotence was displayed, the use of female nudity as well as the interchanging of gender roles (Ball, 6:7). The portrayal of a conflict between gender concerns and current political concerns is clearly a core issue in the film. Yet, the producer applies his sharply political perspective to the serve a poetic realism which is made up in the utilized folkloric style. The style depicts a Palestine whose visualization is done obscure tones of sunlight that is filtered through olive trees (Ball, 7). To provide a distraction from the radical content of the film, a romantic scene is brought in, but it later shifts to the interaction of the nation and gender issue bringing the former to the forefront.  The film is set in a location similar to that of a Palestinian village in the Galilee’s official territory. This context is what is what helps to focus the attention of the view towards the direct control of Palestine by the Israeli.  It exposes the existing conflict between the Israeli governance and the national identity of the Palestinian people, where the wedding of the son of the village patriarch. The tension arising between the occupied and the occupier and among the villagers themselves is exposed and more so between the son and the father while attempting to perform this wedding (Shohat,1).  The compromises that Palestinians have to make are indicated especially in agreeing to have the Israeli governor and his soldiers attend the ceremony as wedding as guests and guards respectively. The climax of the film is a representation of the most transgresive aspect of the ceremony seen in the eruption of the celebration into elated rioting and where the Israeli occupier is ejected from the village. It could be seen as a premonition of the First Intifada which erupted shortly thereafter from 1987 to 1993(Ball, 7:8).  The Palestinian patriarchy impotence under the occupier force is allegorized in the scene where Adel has to consummate his marriage. Even if the scene has proof of ceremonial authenticity in that the spouses are in traditional robes to portray modesty while the husband is washed his feet by the wife , the episodes is actual a profound indication of distorted gender roles.  Adel is unable to consummate his marriage, in that he cannot perform sexually.  He attributes his failure to his father’s love but realizes that his father’s complicity with occupier force’s structure has served to emasculate him within the Palestinian’s maleness paradigms (Ball, 14).  His marriage is no longer a sign of an affirmed tradition but the failure of Palestinian autonomy. 

The disruption of the power structures that are gendered is seen where Adel’s wife seeks to fulfill the community’s expectations by taking her own virginity to affirm respect for tradition and the transfer of phallic power a female subject. The transfer of national duty and authority to female from male subject is core to Khelifi’s work, but it can, in a broad way, be linked to the conventional nationalist designs of female identity.  The indecisive status linked to female agency is shown in the manner in which competing gazes at female body is shown in the film which is a symbol of the challenges associated with viewing woman as a construct. During the preparation of the bride for the wedding, she is revealed as an attractive figure when being scrutinized within the traditional realms. While being washed by her family and as water is cascading over her naked body, she appears to represent a powerful Palestinian femininity figure but also shown as eroticized thing which affirms her as being the object of her husband’s desire. 

On the other hand, the setting of the film is that of an occupation period, but strongly critiques a possible armed resistance which is evidenced in the failure of the young men to execute a plot against the governor. The film shows the status of the country as being an imagined community which is a discursive construct developed from principles that are hard to realize. Khleifi constructs the drastic new political object that shows the present and traditional concerns of nationhood which are circulating besides one another. While the film forms a vision of destabilized Palestine, it shows a new national essence which prevented the Palestinian cinema from looking beyond the concerns for principal nationalism. 

Conclusion

 The Wedding in Galilee is an astounding film work that has an analysis which is clear-sighted, an aspect that is shown in the way it portrays the power constraining the development of the Palestinian community. The films director’s attempts to call out for a change from within the society and for freedom in which people exercise their rights for self –rule.  The film also depicts the place of female gender in the Arab world, where power was focused on uplifting the honor of men and women being subjects. It represents possibility of disruption in the power structure centered on men, where women are called upon to accomplish what is deemed by the culture as the role of man.

Works cited

Michel, Kheifi. Wedding in Galilee, 1987. Retrieved from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0094229/

JAMES, CARYN .Review: New Directors/New Films; 'Wedding in Galilee,' Palestinian Village Tensions. 1988. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=940DE7DF103CF932A25750C0A96E948260

Ball, Anna. Between a Postcolonial Nation and Fantasies of the Feminine: The Contested Visions of Palestinian Cinema. Duke University Press (.n.d).4-14 Available at: http://cameraobscura.dukejournals.org/content/23/3_69/1.full.pdf

Shohat,Ella. Wedding in Galilee (Michel Khleifi, 1987). Middle East Research and Information Project. Available at: http://merip.org/mer/mer154/wedding-galilee