ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH THESIS STATEMENT

THESIS: African American stepping is a form of dance that involves the participation of the entire body parts to bring up complex rhythms and sounds using a systematic mixture of footsteps, hand claps, and other body gestures, deriving from African American sororities and fraternities within the past century.

"African dance". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc.., 2016 Web. 02 March. 2016 <http://www.britannica.com/art/African-dance>.

The website clearly recognizes the thoughts behind the African dance. It did typically emphasize on the various steps of dance. Dance as a form of entertainment serves a very important role in the African community. In the traditional indigenous dance, every performance had a principal role and other subsidiary purposes. This reflects on the community and expresses the social relationships and the communal value of the people. This forms a foundation that identifies the styles African step or stepping dance that is distinguished. It is evident to say that he article views the emergence of new dancing styles in Africa and its related forms. They include traditional, neo-traditional, and contemporary. Contemporary and neo-traditional have been increasing steadily which is evident through the results of radical social changes. This has been seen since the World War II.

 By a way of using this information, it is possible to identify the type and the extent of the relationship of the African American, their origin, and their time frame. In the journal, it is possible to point out that here are pieces of art that will facilitate the identification of their life at certain times. This will help me to make suitable references concerning the origin of the African American and make a strong argument on the comparison of their originality concerning the dance and their particular culture in Africa. It also facilitates the in the identification of their social framework.

Amin, Takiyah Nur. "Beyond Hierarchy: Reimagining Africa Diaspora Dance in Higher Education Curricula" Black Scholar. 46.1 (Spring 2016): 15-26. Print.

Diaspora refers to the movement by the people from their original homeland. African diaspora refers to the African communities moving from their native land Africa to other regions such as America, Middle East, Asia, Europe and other different regions round the globe. “African Diaspora dance’’ denotes to the wide variety of dance, communicative movements, philosophies that emanate from these groups (16-17). The article further expounds that the dance on the humanities and further elaborates the historical background of the dances that is full of lessons. By a way of embracing de-centering and practice-based approach in the form of privileged dance form will redesign the future of the dance field (25).

The editorial further allows me to draw attentive contrasts about how the dance came to be it evolution and its education in the colleges and the world. In higher education dance curricula puts into consideration of the responsibilities in the future and how to articulate the concerns raised by the student that will ensure that discipline is observed and the value gained will be exposed beyond academics. With this knowledge, it is possible to create a solid transition in academics in relation to step dance and its background. It will also facilitate the verification of the different methods between both early and late century of the African dance.

Mason, Nicola F. "The Diversity of African Music's: Zulu Kings, Xhosa Clicks, and Gumboot Dancing in South Africa." General Music Today 27.2 (January 2014): 30-35.

Print.

In this article, the biographers presents the diverse prospectuses. This explores the African songs and puts its emphasis on the cohesions in its music tradition. The range of African music offers a clear a path to its belief, culture, sounds and its uses in the inherent African music (30). There are deeper insights in the diversity of the African music especially if explore the rich culture of the South African music. Xhosa and the Zulu’s are found in South Africa and have rich traditions.  To explore this tradition there are three rhythm plans used they include songs, movements, techniques that are adaptable for any level. This rhythms are ideal for teachers since they can expand their ideas in the diverse music (33).  They have a culture-expanded curriculum that consists of diverse sounds of the various cultures, create an opportunity to learn and experience their rich culture which is inherent (33).

It is true to say the work of Nicola F. Mason can be used to arrive and make a conclusive truthful evidence of the step dance and it main and significant role in the American culture. I can make use of the music, the art, storytelling and the dance to give a true representation of the area, ethnic group or the country to mark clear distinctions. It is possible to make references of the unique dance and some of the dance steps that are enthusiastically tangled in the present American philosophy dance.

Thompson, Katrina Dyonne. Ring Shout, Wheel About: The Racial Politics of Music and Dance in North American Slavery. N.p: University of Illinois, 2014. Print

In this book, the authors have begun with the principle of the dance and the music and its multifaceted and disputed roles in the African American life. They also state its functions of the subjugation and the racial stereotype in providing any affirmative and liberating outlets of the many cultures. According to Eric Lott and Dale Cockrell the liberation, radical commodification, stereotype and the affirmation came to light in the nineteenth century. During this time, it was visible in the American entertainment field blackface minstrelsy. However, it is notable to say that according to T. D Rice in the “jumped Jim crow’’ the deconstruction of the complex music, slavery, dance and American culture quartet is a theatrical production. The book reveals of the exploration of the “Dark Continent’’ was carried out, the quench of the Europeans fantasies and how the music and the dance propagate racial imagery. With the assumptions about the black people and their behavior, there was a follow-up by the Europeans and the Euro-American to understand and explain how Africans have dispersed and their new role in the contented, inferior and entertained elements in the northern part of America.

It is possible to use this book as my key basis of information to join key ideas and ideologies that have been brought in the western world. Drawing a conclusion in the impressive range of the information that includes journals, slave’s narratives and master accounts there shall be credible information about the cultural history. It will also show how dance and music has shaped the African American and the Euro-American characters and how the makers of the American philosophy influenced the arts of performance to shape public opinion.

Personal Reflection on SLUMDOG MILLIONAIRE 2008

The movie represent the story of an 18 year-old Jamal Malik, an orphan from Mumbai slams who is about to experience  a very big event of his life. He has only one question to answer so as to win 20 million rupees while the whole nation is watching. However, he is arrested by the police when the shows starts who suspect him of cheating. Jamal is desperate to prove his innocence and thus tells the story of how together with his brother, grew up in the slums, the adventures they had on the road , encounters with neighbourhood gangs and about Latika the girl he loved but lost.  Each chapter of the story is a revelation of how Jamal learnt the answers to the questions on the show which seems quite impossible.

The movie uses state-of-the-art techniques and tools to present a third world account that shows the difficult lives its characters have to endure and at the same time provides the audiences with a happy ending. It represents Jamal as young man with a dream and his dream finally comes true. The movie also goes a long way to create an actual plot where it shows the popularity of reality shows. In a real world, such reality shows depend on audiences’ emotional investment as they wish to watch a person of their status be transformed into a successful actor. The plot of the movie is very simple. Each moment a new question is asked by the Millionaire’s host, Jamal is shown having a flashback.  Then the flashback provides clues to Jamal while at the same time providing the audience of the film with another encounter of the story of his life (Helmi, 29). The movie could have been quite short were it not for Jamal’s ability to continue playing.  For instance, on the question about the face seen on America dollar bill, the host is sure of nobody knowing the answer to the quiz and is astonished to hear Jamal say ‘Benjamin Franklin’. The moment   Prem- the host- agrees with Jamal’s answer the viewer is bombarded with a victorious cinematic moment shown with flashing lights and the right sound effects. The movie appropriately presents onscreen audiences’ joy arising from Jamal knowing the answer which gives him an opportunity to keep playing for bigger stakes.

The movie represents the various actors with different personalities such that the viewer can know who is who in each scene. From the beginning Jamal appears resourceful, Salim is aggressive and Latika is seen to be resilient. By starting the movie Jamal against Prem, the writer gives it a big narrative advantage where even with their nearly insurmountable odds the kids are facing, the viewer already knows the kids will survive. In the scene where Jamal is hanging with hands tied to a rope, the cinematography is much disarranged with angles that are tilted most likely to show how disorganised life is in a real world. The writer has managed to make every scene to look real in areas where he is trying to present a moment of joy or where he depicts the pain associated with poverty and homelessness thus capturing the emotions of the viewer.  The only bit that appears sort of a weakness is love story between Jamal and Lakita which is more of a fairy tale. The movie is however a good representation of a life in real world.

Works cited

HELMI, FAHMI.A Revelation of Danny Boyle’s Worldview on Slumdog Millionaire.2009.20-35. Available at: http://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/19937/1/HELMI%20FAHMI-FAH.pdf

Magnolia Film 1999

Introduction

            Magnolia is a movie that represents sadness and loss.  It signifies the extensive unpleasantness of the children that are harmed and advanced people who are demolishing themselves.  The raconteur of the movie tells us that even if we stop thinking about the past, it will remain haunting us. The film starts with biographies of amazing concurrences such as the scuba frogman who is lifted by a fire fighting airplane and put in a forest fire.  The film is thus one of the infrequent films that work in two diverse ways as it tells enthralling stories with more information.  The story’s characters are concomitant by blood and their lives are found to be analogous. This essay will focus on personal views about the film from its beginning to end.  

            Loss of life is rampant in the film and the sad thing is that mostly the loss is through suicide and illegal means. In cases like that of Linda, a conclusion can be made that she attempted to kill herself. She admits that she loved money instead of the man whom she got married to. Now that the man is almost dying and a will is written she is claiming to have already loved Earl. Linda pleads with Earl’s lawyer to make changes in the will which was impossible. She leaves and takes a handful of prescription with alcohol and she almost dies in her vehicle (Lane 74). It was an attempted suicide but she recovers after being rushed to hospital. Other family issues like lack of faithfulness in marriage makes Jimmy decide to commit suicide. Jimmy cheats on his wife but one day he goes home and confesses that he had been cheating. This is because he had molested Claudia but says that he cannot remember whether he really did it. Rose the wife says that Jimmy deserves to die alone and leaves him. In another case a son loads a shotgun hoping that one of his parents would shoot the other, unfortunately he is shot by his own mother mistakenly as the mother was aiming at the father. It becomes murder yet it was suicide as the young man was jumping from the top of the apartment (Lane 13).

            In the film we also have people like John C. Reilly whose pilfer balances a fatherly itch with deeper uncertainties masterfully. His eroticism with a drug-addicted Walters seems absolutely touching. His impulse is not to act like a policeman but to help the lady to evade the problem that beholds her. A good thing, as a police he is after the welfare of the lady. Another case is where Tom Cruise is enormously well-cast as the conceited motivational utterer (Lane 56).  His interruption to female reporter throughout an interview is remarkably cautious. The only time where Cruise trips completely is where he is forced to cry on Robard’s deathbed in the final scene. Hoffman finally gets to play a more well-balanced human being and does it very significantly after doing well at playing freaks and weirdos. In this final scene we also have big effects, some characters get the chance to meet their purpose. At the same time we have characters who lose their destinies in other scenes which is remarkably painful.

                                                Conclusion

The film “Magnolia” has many incidences that are questionable, the situations seem to be coincidences but are still questioned where they seem to have been planned. It’s important to remember that the film is not randomly inserted to test the audience’s reflexes even with its surprise finish. The whole film includes of lives gaining by getting to their destinies and others losing their goals which also translates to indefinite destinations in life. From this film we learn much about life which should help us watch carefully what we do today because it all forms a record of our past which has an effect on our future. It is with great art that the play writer brings the scenes in an orderly and clear manner making it easy to comprehend to leaning viewers.

Work Cited

Top of Form

Bottom of Form

Top of Form

Lane, Christina. Magnolia. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. Print.

Bottom of Form

Beyonce’s Album Lemonade

            Lemonade is an album that was released by the American singer Beyoncé early this year. The album is composed of different genres of music such as RnB, hip hop, trap, blues, gospel, soul, and funk among others (Peisner 12). The album can be designated as the theoretical project based on a woman’s journey to personal identity, knowledge and healing. The album has twelve songs that are featured from different artists. The album has been sold all over the world with an estimate of 490,000 copies that were sold in the first week after release (Peisner 12). It is vital to note that the album has been divided into eleven fragments namely resentment, rejection, lethargy, emptiness, restoration, anticipation, responsibility, clairvoyance, resurgence, forgiveness and reclamation (Peisner 12).

             theme of infidelity is very evident in the album especially in the first half of the album that puts much emphasis on feelings and emotions that arise from realizing that the husband has been cheating on her (Rys 11). This can be seen form the statement that she says she gives love for lemons and lemonade. This is metaphorical to show that instead of love she received pain and bitterness. The album is launched with pray with me, which reveals a lot of mourning in her words that stated dishonesty could be tasted all over the breath (Chiu 21). It is evident that the act of infidelity from the partner brought about different other emotions such as disbelief and sorrow which with time grows into anger and lethargy. This can be seen in the song, “hold up” where she speaks of what a wicked way to treat a girl who loves you (Chiu 21).

            The theme of infidelity can be termed as one of the major weaknesses of human beings that happen in the everyday life. It is also true to say that this has become very common in the society and especially in this industrialized revolution (Rys 11). The theme is also brought out in the song “all night” where she sings of many people trying to kiss, touch, rub and feel the partner all night. It can also be said that the singer was trying to release her hurt emotions through the song.It is vital to note that the songs in the album are built on one another (Chiu 22). This is to mean that they all bring out the aspect of infidelity but in different emotions. For example in the song “don’t hurt yourself”, the emotion of anger and rage as a result of the betrayal is at its peak. She no longer cares about the person in question and even asks who he thinks he is. The emotion in this song can be felt due to the shrieking quality of the vocal effects (Chiu 23).

            As discussed above, the songs are built on one another and also show the different stages of emotion that come with betrayal. The first songs shows a lot of anger, bitterness and resentment but as the album continues the aspect of restoration of hope is seen and also healing of the heart that later gives in to forgiveness (Johnston 1). The album shows how the singer has been working on her emotions and by the end of the album she is ready to fight for her relationship. The second to last song in the album brings about of the sexual energy that Beyoncé has for the partner from the songs “crazy in love” and “drunk in love” (Chiu 23). 

            It is vital to note that the album depicts that which happens in the daily life. The emotions that come alongside betrayal are also shown in the songs (Chiu 24). However, lemonade is more of a teaching to people that despite the fact that infidelity is wrong, a point of forgiveness is critical in order to save the relationship. This is done in cases where there may be children in the relationship who may suffer the consequences of a divorce (Chiu 24). It is also clear that this may happen to anybody despite the social status. Beyonce can be said to be a superstar who seems to have it all in life but the theme clearly shows that feelings and emotions are subject to all people despite the class and staus in life (Chiu 25).

            The album also shows the effects of infidelity on an individual  and also how it may affect the family. Daily stories show of different consequences of the same such as separation, divorce, children being raised by single parents or even death (Rys 12). We also see the aspect of revenge that comes upon the singer due to the hurt that she experienced. The theme has been brought about well in rthe film and also brings up the aspect of affairs and teaches a lot about relatuionships (Rys 12). The video in the album also shows the flood of emotions that the singer is in; this can be shown by how she throws a door open and water flows out fast. The actions that follow in the album clearly show that infidelity is among the worst things that can happen to a person. Nevertheless, the singer does not present herself as a victim of the circumstance but rather as a powerful woman who is encompassed by the power of love (Rys 12).

            The album lemonade begins by showing Beyonce with beautiful hair braids in a state of quiteness on a car. Her face is covered by the fur coat she is wearing and she keeps repeating a line asking what she is going to d (Johnston 1). It is vital to note that the singer’s career has been very succesful due to her ability of having a clear division and balance between her public and private life. The release of the album not only amplified the degenerating aspect in her marriage life but also humanized her music through her personal feelings and emotions (Johnston 1).

            It is also evident that since the release of the album, different people have been trying to figure out the lyrics in the album, the poetry and the language used. It is clear that some understand the album as a take on blackness, relationships, the womanhood and strength to carry on through adversity as the singer relates the album to her personal life (Chiu 26). However, the mention of Becky in one of her lines brings in much controversy as most people belive the song was directed to her husband JayZ. Questions if becky is the other woman raises many questions of the faithfulness of the husband (Chiu 26).

            Some of the theories about the album state that the story is not about husband to  Beyonce but about a designer Rachel Roy and the lines in the songs implied to particular occurences that had taken place before (Rahman 52). For instance when the singer sang the song “pray you catch me” implied to an incidence that took place in an elevator back in the year 2014. The songs that follow imply of the incidences that took place thereafter to the point of forgiveness and they continued with the relationship with her husband (Rahman 52).

            It is vital to  note that Beyonce in lemonade has offered a template on how to deal with infidelity in marriage. In the album she portrays her struggle in dealing with unfaithfulness from her husband and also how she was engulfed in a psychological roller coaster (Rys 12). she allows herself to go through different emotions . In the song “dont hurt yourself” she is trying to let the partner know that letting her go would be to his own destruction because she is the ultimate prize (Chiu 27). It is also evident that she echoes the lines of her being irreplaceable by stating that iof he played her, he was playing himself. This is to show that she was a woman who believed in herself and she was not desperate for a man (Rahman 53).

            However, in “sandcastles” she seems to be so sympathetic with JayZ to a point she states that she understand that as a human being one may stumble and is capable of doing things that were not expected (Rahman 53). She also seems to be putting herself into his shoes and is reassuring him that things were going to be okay despite the current circumstances. It is clear that in lemonade understanding your own reality is of great importance in life (Rahman 53).

Work Cited

PEISNER, DAVID. "The Small Army Behind ‘Lemonade’." Rolling Stone 1261 (2016): 12. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2016.

RYS, DAN. "Beyoncé Lifts A Rising Tidal." Billboard 128.12 (2016): 11-12. Business Source Complete. Web. 11 May 2016.

Chiu, Melody, et al. "Scoop." People 85.20 (2016): 21-28. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2016.

Johnston, Maura. "Review: Beyoncé Makes Lemonade From Romantic Strife On Her New Album." Time.Com (2016): 1. Business Source Complete. Web. 11 May 2016.

Rahman, Ray. "Beyoncé." Entertainment Weekly 1413 (2016): 52-53. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2016.

PARELES, JON. "Making ‘Lemonade’ Out of Strife." New York Times 25 Apr. 2016: C1+. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2016.

African American step dance

African American stepping is a form of dance that involves the participation of the entire body parts to bring up complex rhythms and sounds using a systematic mixture of footsteps, hand claps and other body gestures. African American stepping was an African culture brought by the African Diaspora who settled in America. Stepping has been and will remain to be a powerful institution of the African American culture which is normally referred to as the black Greek culture. Stepping has a very important role to play in promoting this black Greek identity and also unity among the fraternity of the African American members (African dance, 1). There are other different types of the stepping dance such as American clogging, French- Canadian and the Irish hard shoe step dancing. They employ the involvement of the footwork as the main element of their style. However, this paper will handle this unique type of step dancing that was developed by the African American sororities throughout the past century (McCarthy-Brown, Nyama 10).

African American stepping is an amazing dancing style that not only involves movements of the body like the other types mentioned above but incorporates complete routines of the body movements as well as the voice. African American stepping is developed by certain organizations called the National Pan-Hellenic Council or Divine Nine which are responsible in the formation of the black Greek letters. There are five letters from which the Greek letter organization is centered which are: Alpha Phi Alpha, Iota Phi Theta, Kappa Alpha Psi, Phi Beta Sigma, and Omega Phi Psi. There are other four incorporated fraternities Alpha Kappa Alpha, Delta Sigma Theta, Zeta Phi Beta, and Sigma Gamma Rho making a total of nine societies. All these were created to promote the education of the African American students by offering them scholarship of higher learning (About us, 1).

The Divine Nine has been recognized for entertainment of its audiences. This was majorly in songs and drama that contained humor. Apart from being an entertainment tool, step dance was used to promote culture, values and traditions in their places of study. For instance, members of these fraternities and sorority used retrospect which involved the description of their founding to preserve the black Greek identity (Thompson, Katrina Dyonne 55). Step dance has also been a uniting tool for the black Americans. This has kept them strong when they face the racial discrimination from the Native Americans.  Step dance in this case gave them a sense of dignity and self worth in the eyes of the whites (African dance, 1).

Stepping for the university students had a greater role beyond just having fun. It was a part that contained a rich legacy of bringing the black Greeks together. Stepping strengthened the bonds between the African Americans by creating a platform from which social and religious activities would be done.  Such cultural and religious activities included birth ceremonies, wedding and burial ceremonies among others. It helped them to achieve great things despite the discouragements they experienced from the Native Americans.

African American stepping played another important role of symbolism. This gave the African Americans an identity and which made them unique. For instance, the society of the National pan-Hellenic Council has colors that have a meaning of their own. Alpha Phi Alpha claims black and gold. Alpha Kappa Alpha is pink and green. Phi Beta Sigma sports blue. The colors are used during a presentation to distinguish their identity from that of the other group. These colors were presented in the costumes and props during the presentation. The identity of various groups was also presented by hand signs whether it was along the campus corridors or in the time of presentation. For instance, members of the Delta Sigma Theatre used the Greek letter called delta which is a triangle to identify them. This was made using hand signs each time they got into the stage for a presentation (Mason & Nicola 120).

Cracking and saluting are the two major forms of communication used in the African American stepping. Saluting was used as a way of greeting the competing distinctive groups or Greek letter organizations and also in making a complement of the same. Cracking on the other hand is measure the competitive ability of the Greek letter organizations. Cracking can be so serious at times leading to tension between the two competitive groups. Cracking and salutations plays a great role in showing the nature of stepping. In the recent years during and after the social and political movements, black Greek identity and stepping have shown how deeply they are grounded and how able they are in tying up the blacks together (McCarthy-Brown, Nyama 10).

Recently, stepping has embraced some few modern dancing techniques which can be seen clearly in the Dance concert 2005 and the Homage also in 2005. The dancing style is similar to that of the Greek step show only that the Greek identity markers and signs are stripped of in the presentations.

The popularity of step dance is also a key factor to focus on because the it has come to bring a global influence to dancers and the society at large. A drastic change of the step shows was felt during 1980s whereby people gained interest to be entertained by the African Americans. Step shows were moved from the small show rooms to big halls where a big multitude of audience would congregate. This increased the awareness of stepping throughout the local campuses. A film produced by spike Lee in 1988 made the popularity of the stepping to be a nationwide thing. The widespread of the dance has threatened the African American fraternities’ ownership because even the Native Americans have involved in its performance. For the purpose of maintaining the power of stepping and minimize any further intrusion of the American African culture, the main body of stepping has to remain true to the core roots from which the stepping originates (Durman, Chris 250). This will ensure that as it spreads from the center of the Greek letter organizations history, and the essential meaning of stepping will be preserved. Colleges and university students in the United States of America are the responsible bodies that can uphold stepping dancing style. They have done a good job in teaching the new recruits about their unique legacy of hymns, retrospect, trade steps and other elements of the African American stepping. Teachers also have an important role to play in making stepping a known and widespread dancing style. Teachers are urged to study the history of stepping before teaching their students so that they may appreciate the different aspects that makeup the structure of step dancing. Having appreciated the great art of the African American stepping, they will spread their experience to the other members of the larger society. The main bodies have a role of ensuring that the art is preserved by locking out intruders who tend to introduce new and unacceptable elements that may contaminate the purpose of the dance.  Critics also warn about the commercialization of stepping. This may alter the original purpose and art format of the dancing style (McCarthy-Brown, Nyama 10).

The future of stepping is promising because the chances of being corrupted are very low. This is because so many aspects of this dance are relevant only to the black Greeks. The rest of the intruders may not find it helpful and so retention is assured. For the last two decades since the warning against commercialization was made, stepping has become so popular than it had become there before. Commercialized stepping has also gone down at a significant rate. Divine Nine has continued and will continue to preserve the many marks of the black Greek culture. Divine Nine has embraced some strategies that have kept the spirit of stepping alive. First, they have developed a website where people can surf and get all the information about the black Greek’s stronghold. DVDs of various competitions which have been held across the United States of America have been made available in the market. Stepping is also looking forward at upholding the unity and the fellowship of brotherhood that the Divine nine had among them. The organization is also aiming at creating more awareness on the African American culture by sharing its goodness with others. This will help in accomplishing the mission of bringing people together for the benefit of the larger society (Dance in Concert, 82).

Work cited:

"African dance". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc.., 2016 Web. 02 March. 2016 <http://www.britannica.com/art/African-dance>.

About Us.. National Pan-Hellenic Council, Inc. 2006 Retrieved May 23,

2006, from http://www.nphchq.org/about.htm

Mason, Nicola F. "The Diversity of African Music's: Zulu Kings, Xhosa Clicks, and Gumboot Dancing in South Africa." General Music Today 27.2 (January 2014): 30-35. Print.

Thompson, Katrina Dyonne. Ring Shout, Wheel About: The Racial Politics of Music and Dance in North American Slavery. N.p.: University of Illinois, 2014. Print.

Durman, Chris. "African American Roots And Branches Of The 5-String Banjo: A Selective Videography." Notes 72.1 (2015): 203-213. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 May 2016.

McCarthy-Brown, Nyama. "Dancing In The Margins: Experiences Of African American Ballerinas." Journal Of African American Studies 15.3 (2011): 385-408. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 May 2016.

Dance in Concert.. Dancer’s Company. De Jong Concert Hall, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. (2005, January 29)

Peter Yates, ‘The Friends of Eddie Coyle’ 1973 – who can a guy trust

Based on the film peter Yates paints the picture of America in 1970 with the association of high crime rate.  The movie demonstrates the way the American society in 1970 was ruled by gangsters. The culture is illustrated as one that lacks loyalty and self-preservation (Krishner, 76).  Based on the illustration by the film life in Boston was characterized by crime in 1970’s and it is, therefore, hard to stay out of jail no matter how hard one tries.  The title of the film is an ironic one because the society is characterized by a lack of trust as Eddie has no friends.  His friends are criminals and he, therefore, cannot trust any of them. Therefore, it is thus clear that Eddie has no friends contrary to the film’s title.  The film content is thus aimed at improving the society in that period as it was purposed to criticize the society.  The political status is represented by the movie as ruthless in its operation since the political leaders at the time could not be trusted.  Politics was selfishly conducted and it failed to represent the needs of the people (Krishner, 77). 

The organization and he conducts of the societies were based on distrust. The society in America in the period is illustrated by the film as politically powerless as crime and violence ruled the society (Krishner, 101). Lack of morals led to the development of criminal characters because as Eddie states there were no honors for those that were not involved in crimes. Crimes prevailed justice in Boston and the only way to survive was becoming a criminal.  The society is therefore characterized as one that lacked ethical conducts as the existing political power was inadequate to solve the social problems (Krishner, 102).

 Mike Nichols, ‘Carnal Knowledge’ 1971 – sexual politics

Canal knowledge is a film that was directed by Nichols mike in 1971 and was written by Nicholson jack, Garfunkel, Bergen, and Ann-Margret. The film pictures America as a society that was characterized by sexual exploits in the period (Krishner, 89). This is illustrated by the characters that are not able to sustain a relationship with any woman.  The culture of America in the period was therefore not based on religion because religious beliefs are thus grounded on god morals.  Political stability was therefore grounded on materialism as the broader picture of the film is based on sex, sense of the needs and challenges of the society are not given any priority (Krishner, 90).

 The legal social issues and changes that are illustrated by the film in the moral society in America are the sexual problems.  The politics, culture, and the society are demonstrated to have been mainly influenced by materials (Krishner, 133).  This is because the characters were used to show the mode in which the American individuals were utilizing sexual acts for commercial gains. Sexual politics is well represented in the film as the other creates deep psychological impressions which allow viewers to understand and reflect on their constraints. Female and male relationships sexual politics is depicted by the lives of Sandy and Jonathan and those women that are in their lives (Krishner, 106). Both of them want to benefit sexual from the relationships but do not want to be fully committed.

John Schlesinger, ‘Midnight Cowboy’ 1969

The American society is characterized as one which lacks morals.  Joe buck quits his job and travels to New York hoping that he would succeed by being a male prostitute. This, therefore, demonstrates the fact that the American society was being guided by materialism. Joe loses money in the process of trying to make more money as that was the culture of America at the time. Most individuals were acting as cons and prostitute. Individuals in the film are characterized with negligence as Joe was raised by his grandmother after his mother abandoned him. The American society and the time are illustrated as one which lacks the power of controlling and solving the societal issues (Krishner, 87).  This is mainly because despite the fact that crime and prostitution were running the economy in the city the political authority was weak to recognize and address the issue (Krishner, 86).

Additional the American culture at that time lacked religion. This is because the culture was one which encouraged immoral act which was purposed to produce materials.  Materialism was the basis of the American society as individuals were involved in immoral acts in such for money and materials. The society is ignorant of the various consequences that the crimes are bound to generate as they are mainly driven by materials.  American culture and society at the period are illustrated as one that was formed on materials. Crime rate, as well as prostitution, was the major economic activities for the regular individuals because their cultures failed to emphasize and encourage them to work hard.  Mortality rate was, therefore, high as most people would contract diseases and some would get killed while trying to secure some money from stealing as well as sexual businesses (Krishner, 82).

            Work Cited

Krishner, Jonathan. Before The Flood. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Crumbling Cities and Revisionist History. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Find The Feminist. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Hollywood’s Last Golden Age: Politics, Society, and the Seventies Film in America. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Privacy, Paranoia, Disillusion, and Betrayal. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Rereading Carnal Knowledge and Klute. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. The Personal Is Political. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

Krishner, Jonathan. Women and Men in the Context of the Seventies Film. Cornell University Press, 2012. Copyright.

            The Impact Of American Culture On Food Movie And Language
            Many people in the world have adopted American styles of living in terms of dressing, feeding, entertainment products, and even the language (Inglis, 101). This kind of adoption explains the extent of Americanization in most of the countries. According to Brendon, (162) the concern about Americanization is not to condemn the American culture. Some aspects of American culture are good and helpful to the Americanized nations. Other aspects of the culture are destroying the sense of locality, which makes people prefer more of American culture to their local culture hence a loss of identity. American lifestyle has been introduced as far as China and some of the most practiced lifestyle is feeding (Inglis, 101). American style and drinks have altered the Chinese feeding culture despite the fact the strong confidence that people of China had about their way of feeding.

            The adoption of new eating habits by the Chinese is due to the diversity of its population hence necessitating importation of foodstuffs from other countries like America who produce a variety of foodstuffs (Inglis, 102). It was hard to feed the increasing population on the scarce Chinese foods that is mostly meat. Due to the scarcity of meat, more foods had to be introduced from other cultures like American.

            The most changed thing in the Chinese diet is the cooking. The Chinese make their selection of live seafood, seasonal fruits, fresh meats and vegetables from the market and they make sure these foods are fresh. Generally, Chinese people have less concern about the nutrition. They are normally concerned with the texture, flavor, aroma and the color of the food. These characters represent the key points for Chinese’s best cooking (Inglis, 104). However, with the American influence on the Chinese diet, the diet has been modified to an American cooking style which has a tendency of associating spices with flavor enhancement with a variety of ingredients making it so different from the Chinese style of cooking. The American style of food has advanced due to the influence of media where comparisons are being made always from various local styles hence coming up with various mix styles.

            American food contains dairy foods like milk, cream, cheese and they normally have various meals in a day which was not a practice in the Chinese traditional feeding habit where they used to have three meals a day (Inglis, 102). American feeding habits include various units’ snacks making the number of meals more than the normal one in Chinese tradition.

            The traditional Chinese diet is characterized by low quantity of animal-based foods with plenty of plant-based foods. This diet has always been known for fighting diseases (Caballero, 42). In addition to being delicious Chinese cooking is based on serving as a therapy for harmonizing the body in seasons. The traditional Chinese diet comprises of vegetables that are steamed lightly, accompanied by rice, dumplings, or noodles (Caballero, 42). Fish and meat being part of the diet are normal to be served in smaller in amount compared to the western diet. This is so different from the American cooking style that has changed the Chinese order of diet. The American style of cooking has been introduced in china and most of the Chinese food now is an American version. Chinese immigrants created it some time back, adapting style using American ingredients. The traditional Chinese foods include chop suey, won ton soup, moo goo gai pan, and egg foo yung (Caballero, 42). These foods had to be changed when the Chinese immigrants mixed up with Americans and due to lack of Chinese ingredients in America; they were forced to use the American ingredients in preparing Chinese foods. As a result, the Chinese food became Americanized and a new wave of dishes was introduced in Chinese diet including Kung pao chicken, general Tso’s chicken, mushu pork and sour soup.

            The introduction of American styles of cooking has several impacts to both china and America and the impacts are both positive and negative. First, with the change in the cooking styles, Chinese have resorted to growing the American ingredients in order to maintain the style of cooking (Caballero, 42). It has also created trade relation between America and china by importing some food items from America to china. This has also resulted in a variety of foodstuffs in china to add the ones that existed. Americans are now free to move to china without worry of what to feed on the other because there are varieties of foodstuffs that favor them the other side (Cody, 10). The Chinese change of food styles promotes diverse population. Americans are advantaged because they establish American hotels in china for their own benefit hence promoting American products.

            Similarly, there is a difference in the Chinese order of menu when compared to that of America and their dining environment is always noisy which is perceived welcoming and joyful. With an Americanized restaurant in china, they are normally organized, quiet always dressed fancy clothing. And this has changed the nature in the Chinese styles (Inglis, 102).

            This adoption of American culture also has a negative impact to the Chinese. There is a distortion of culture as the Americans replace the Chinese style foods with the American style. The home commodities or food items lose market since are now introduced to another cooking style which requires importation of ingredients (Cody, 10). American hotels in china have to employ American chefs since they are the ones who have much experience in the American style of foods than the Chinese hence neglecting the Chinese. They also resulted in a fall in the domestic restaurants especially those that cook typical traditional Chinese foods (Cody, 10). The Chinese cooking that aimed to promote the health of people is being replaced by the American style, which comprises a mixture of many ingredients may not serve the same purpose like the traditional Chinese food.

            American culture has rapidly impacted food, movie as well as language of the Chinese. This is because the culture in American is diverse and uncommon and it is inaugurated by the conquest of Europeans of distinct territories that are habited by indigenous individuals (Kornblum, William, and Smith, 113).  These territories have therefore contributed greatly in the developing of civilization.  This has, in turn, influenced the popular tastes of individuals in their daily lives. In this, the tastes of food which was developed by different groups have changed gradually as individuals have been transformed by the American culture.  As a result of the influences from the indigenous groups, the American culture is thus characterized by unusual forms and patterns which have been generated and forged from the diverse population (Kornblum, William, and Smith, 116).

            The complexity of the American culture has developed a society that is characterized by huge struggles in achieving tolerance as well as in producing an extraordinary casual style of persons which identifies and defines America everywhere (Kornblum, William, and Smith, 117). In movie production, American culture has greatly affected language because individuals have to adopt English in playing their roles since the American language is very important in making the movie scenes successful. The chine individuals are therefore required to learn the English language for at least 6yeras in order to assure that they are well equipped with the language.  Therefore, the American culture has been a great influence on language because people from the indigenous cultures have to learn the American language in order to fit in its culture (Kornblum, William, and Smith, 118).  Additionally, American English has largely been adopted as a common language among different territories. Movie production has largely been influenced by the American language as it is characterized by well-developed characters, language, facilities as well as success.  This is mainly because the course impact is based on the super-dominant position of America as it has the capability of making individuals do as it requires (Kornblum, William, and Smith, 118).

            Conclusion

            Americanization has been an impact to many nations in different ways. This has changed the ways of dressing, entertainment, feeding styles, language and even sports. These have been transmitted in many countries including china. Americanization has brought change in the Chinese diet and most of it is in the cooking style where Americans use various ingredients while cooking which was not the case with the traditional Chinese cooking (Inglis, 105). This is different because the Chinese cooking involves a few categories of foods and normally in their fresh state. This effect of Americanization has influenced china both positive and negatively. The positive is significant as it leads to a variety of foods in the nation which avoids relying on a few. Negatively, it makes the china products and foods lose a market as America’s are normally competitive.

            Works Cited
Brendon O’Connor, (P161-162) article use for talk about people in other countries know and        more familiar with US culture and knowledge than their country’s culture.
            Mark Rice-Oxley (P163), article use to talk about US exports its own culture in a very      widely range, things like sport, entertainment and food.
Fuller, Sherri G. Chinese in Minnesota. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2004.          Internet resource
Cody, Jeffrey W. Building in China: Henry K. Murphy's "adaptive Architecture," 1914-1935.      Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 2001. Print.
Caballero, Benjamin, and Barry M. Popkin. The Nutrition Transition: Diet and Disease in the       Developing World. Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2002. Internet resource.
Inglis, David. Food. New York, NY: Routledge, 2007. Print.

Kornblum, William, and Carolyn D. Smith. Sociology in a Changing World. Belmont, CA:          Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.

Scene Analysis

Mise-en-scène in The Searches film

The setting refers to the Texas background where actors are cast to depict the life of a Texas border farm. It is constructed to show Ethan Edwards character played by John Wayne and his family as they interact with his family after his long absence from home. It is cast to show the area in the final days of a Classic Western. The lighting of this part of the film is dull generally but the shots relies on a key light and a backlight to bring out a balancing effect that will bring out the mood in the scene. The costume is intended to bring out the Indian influence in the family, a fact that is emphasised by the hairstyle (Asian, 2016).

Cinematography in Rear Window film.

The scene is cast with a saturated frame that provides enough information of the surroundings both inside and outside the apartment. The frame separates the important details from the less important ones such that the viewer is able to focus more on the activities of L.B “Jeff” whom, from his wheel share can only concentrate on the neighbours as they move around. The camera produces long shot to show the outside activities and some extreme close up images to show the activities of the professional journalist (Angelo, 2015).

Editing in Fire film

In this a dissolve editing and cut editing are applied. The dissolve joins two shots when the actors are talking with one another to show emotional connection while cut editing is applied to have viewer concentrate on a single actor’s activities to show. The shots join together are of different lengths (Shokty, 2012).

Genre in Dope (2015)

The clip incorporates a mix of both comedy and action genre of movies such that the view at the beginning is not able to differentiate which genre it is. It also incorporates musical genre which seems to be a kind of entertainment (Worldwide Happening, 2015).

References

Asian 2. (2016)The Searchers Full Movie (HD).Retrieved from. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-SOA0E5EQ8

Margret Angelo (2015). Rear Window Watch Movies Online Free. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-9OHkRiryw

Liron Shokty(2012).Fire - FULL FILM- Deepa Mehta – 1996.retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2yW8BtM8sw

WorldWide Happening (2015)Dope Official Red Band 2 2015 Forest Whitaker Zo Kravitz Movie FULL HD. retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvKGk5LJeDo

.

Revolution season 2(Fear and Loathing)

Part 1

This is an episode that sees most of the main characters in unpredictable circumstances after the “happy endings” events and a scramble for a way out. The characters Connor and Monroe find themselves in the worst position similar to the one after the dangerous end of their casino attack and they are now at the mercy of Gould the casino owner. After Gould has found out their true identities, that mercy becomes unreliable. Sensing an opportunity to make profits, he suggests a proposal for a no-holds-barred fight for the two where the victor would walk in one pierce out of the camp and the loser would not walk again anywhere. Monroe however had to train his son how to fight with a sword and confesses about his poor vision in his left eye. Conor does not want to fight at first but is told by Monroe that he had his mother killed after she was dragged her into a gunfight. Conor gets very angry. As the episodes unfolds, Tom threatens to kill Julia if he does not deliver Monroe. In New Vegas, Monroe is given five soldiers by Duncan who will only take orders from Charlie. At the end of the episode we see Aaron, who has kills the Nanites with a virus, waking up in bed with Priscilla (Eric, 2012).

Part 2

Gould who is a 48 years male shows his aggression when he arranges a death match between Connor and Bass and his plan to shoot both Monroes if  either of them was to pull their punches. He also orders the capture of both Bass, Connor and Charlie by men. Connor who is a male does not want to fight but violence and aggressiveness is shown when he gets angry after being told how his mother was killed after being dragged into a gunfight. Charlie a 28 years old female demonstrate her aggressiveness when she stabs the Monroes’ assassins with a knife (Eric, 2012).

Part 3

The show uses aggression and violence to bring out continued captivity and to draw out details that are interesting, especially the fact that Sebastian Monroe is becoming a tragic hero. The writer aims at making Monroe drive the majority of the plot that involve hiding out as a fighter ,recovering from his execution and leading a mission to recover his son who has been lost for long. If the writer did not use aggression he would take the plot away from Monroe.

Part 4

Exposure to media violence is one of the many factors that can cause desensitisation in people by contributing to an aggressive behaviour. Research has found that exposing people to media violence can desensitize them to the real world violence and that the media violence becomes enjoyable such that it does not cause anxious arousal, something which is expected after seeing the imageries. The violence may also have significant desensitisation effect on children. After watching the violent imageries, they become less sensitive to pain and suffering others are undergoing, they may be fearful of their surrounding and may even start adopting aggressive or harmful behaviour towards other people (American Psychological Association, 2016).

References

Eric Kripke (2012). Revolution (TV series)

American Psychological Association (2016). Television and Video Violence. Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/action/resources/research-in-action/protect.aspx

MOVIE BOILER ROOM (2000)

            This is an American film which was written and directed by a 29 years man, Ben Young in the year 2000 after he carried out several interviews on brokers for duration of two years (Bernstein, 2005). Some of the performers in this movie are; Giovani Ribisi, the chief actor, Tom Everett Scot, Ron Rifkin, Scot Caan, Jamey Kennedy, Nia Long and Ben Affleck. The storyline revolves around a 19 years old dropout, Seth Davis who in the film is referred to as Ribisi whose father (Rifkini) is a judge by profession in New York (KIT 2011). Ribisi runs an illegitimate casino underground in his apartment without the knowledge of his father. However the business seems to earn him pleasant income, but the boy is disenchantment to his father. As his cousin Kennedy visits the casino one day, he introduces Ribisi to a rich man known as Katt who is later seen recruiting Ribisi into the brokerage organization which is located in the Long Island Expressway with a promise for greener pastures. With time Ribisi gets to learn from Affleck on ways in which he would become super rich and what he was likely to do in this kind of work. In the organization which he was now, just like any other organization being new he held the trainees position but for him to advance from this level he was required to pass a series of seven continuous tests. It is after the passing of these tests and having closed forty transactions that he would now be promoted to being an independent broker. His life takes another direction with him having to commit several crimes, one after another (Natoli 2003).

            To start with, Seth (Ribisi) committed criminal fraud which is regarded as a felony crime that involves false pretense or persuasion into getting another person’s property or money. Eventually soon after he has been recruited he learns that the brokerage firm uses illegal form of acquiring money as they use their brokers to create artificial rise in demand of already terminated or fake companies.

Thus after they are done in inflating the stock and most investors have already bought these stocks the J. T. Merlin organization stops the pumping of these stocks hence the price lowers thus leaving the investors with no market where they would sell these stocks. So Ribisi becomes one of these illegal brokers and he uses the same method to scum innocent investors. His practice in committing the fraud crime is witnessed soon after he passes his seven series of tests where he now becomes an independent broker.

            In his search for an investor whom he would scum, he contacts the purchasing director of the gourmet foods organization, Mr. Harry Reynad who in the film is known as Taylor Nichols. Though Mr. Harry is unwilling but he later gives in and he offers Ribisi the opportunity to sell him the stock after Seth (Ribisi) convinces him that the stock price would raise. It is after the first sale that the price goes down but on Harry making an enquiry, Seth coaxes him to even purchase more of the valueless stocks making him to spend all his saved finances from the business and those of the family. Ultimately the stock loses its value thus causing Harry a lot of fortune.

            His last crime in fraud is seen during his process of fulfilling his undercover mission with the FBI where he uses lies so as to get Henry’s money back. He lies to Michael Brantley who was the founder of the organization who takes the bait and agrees to give him shares that he was not supposed to sell till the firm makes sales on theirs. Seth however decides to approach Chris (Diesel) where he persuaded him to sign the shares and luckily though reluctantly decides to sign the shares. This was not part of the mission but then again it’s a crime as he illegally took to the money which did not belong to him through a wrong persuasion and a lie. This can also be viewed as scam activity which is prohibited in law (Natoli 2003).

            It is after this kind of heartless and selfish interests that leads to the destruction of people’s lives which aggravated Seth’s father disappointment in his son thus disowning him. He however decided to close down his casino as a result of guilt and to seek approval from his dad but then he engages in highly criminal activity which to his innocence he thought was legal. He thus involves his father in this criminal route of labor by asking his father’s help in robbing J. T. Merlin organization off their finances and as well as bring them down using an IPO scheme. Though Martin (Rifkin) is reluctant with this risky idea as it would cost him his judgeship if all goes wrong, he however agrees to help his son with the plan. They are however arrested for violation of the 26 SEC and NASD rules after their IPO plan is discovered from a telephone recorded tape. The FBI however seizes the opportunity of using Seth by offering him immunity if he testified against J. T. Merlin organization but for him to stick to the plan, his father is arrested and would only be released after Seth fulfils his deal (Natoli 2003).

            This movie is realistic as it relates to the current world we are living in. realistically, everyone wants to become a millionaire with so much money just like it is portrayed by the character of Ribisi and all the brokers in J. T. Merlin organization. Therefore it is practical as viewed in our society as most people engage in investments which are legal while others engage in illegal businesses. The greed in the society is the ones who majorly engage in the illegal businesses so as to fulfill their aggravated desire for money and wealth. In the movie this is evident as we can see that the love for money by actors like Ribisi has influenced them to engage in the illegal brokerage of scamming people off their finances.

            Realistically, no parent is ever proud of a disobedient child as this is an act of disappointment to any parent. This is also portrayed by Ben Young in his movie where he clearly states that Rifkini, Ribisos ‘ father is quite disappointed with his son and it even reaches a point that he disowns him. Rebellious children even in the real world are a disgrace to the family and even today parents still disown their children triggered by their bad behaviors. Parenthood is at times funny as a child will always remain to be a child whether being bad or being good. Love of a parent and that of a child forms a stronger bond. Hence most children would do anything to help their parents out and also the parents can sacrifice a lot for their children. This is evident in the movie context as Seth’s’ father agrees to help out his son even after disowning him while Seth himself vows to help the FBI only if they release his father. This is a sign of love for both a parent and a son.

            Risk taking is evident in the movie and even today the character is adopted by many investors. Harry takes risk when he agrees to work with Seth with an aim of making great profits. Compromises are also part of life even to the present world. This is evident as the FBI compromises their protocol which involves punishing the criminals such as Seth but rather they compromise this protocol for the sake of arresting the entire firm of J. T. Merlin. Another compromise is seen when Rifkini also compromise his standards as a judge by agreeing to assist Seth with his IPO scheme. Compromises are widely seen in the present day as people manipulate or bend some principles and rules with an aim of getting what they want (Weiss, 2000).

            It is thus clear that the film has an elevated octane of the real life as one can be able to relate with the movie. The movie basically has touched on basic sectors that revolve around any human being, that is; the family sector, social sector, economic sector and the government sector. Thus the movie is totally practical to the real world today. Life revolves around the dramas that occur in our day today life just as it used to happen to the characters in the movie boiler in 2000.

References

Bernstein, J. (2005). THE YOUNGER MAN. WWD: Women's Wear Daily, 190(92), 14.

KIT, B. (2011). BOILER ROOM DIRECTOR REVS UP. Hollywood Reporter, 417(23), 22.

Natoli, J. P. (2003). Memory's orbit: Film and culture, 1999-2000. Albany: State University of    New York Press.

Weiss, G. (2000). HOW REAL IS THIS BOILER ROOM?. Businessweek, (3670), 146.

Runaway Jury

Introduction

Runaway Jury is an American movie directed by Fleder in collaboration with others. It is a documentary that involves a case of a widow who sues a gun manufacture reason being that her husband was killed in an office annihilation relating an easily acquired –armament. The widow shows her determination in the case thus, she hires a traditional decent Wendell who in this case is a dustbin Hoffman as her representative. The gunman is also not left behind because he also has a lawyer who is well known as the instrument of the devil (Grisham 33).

 In America the laws imposed a levy of up to $200 and registration requirement fee particularly on transfer of certain firearms which included pistols, machine guns and rifles among others. However, it was observed that the laws in the days omitted most guns in the listing of the firearms that were prohibited. Therefore, in 1938, the Federal Firearms Act was enacted which focused on making the purchase and selling of guns illegitimate if there was no federal firearms licenses involved. Licenses guaranteed that firearms were sold by authorized people from the federal government and a record was kept for the customers who purchased the guns (CAS, R44.3).

Runaway Jury appears to the audience with its uniqueness especially with Dustin Hoffman who has never shared any screen shot before. Despite the uniqueness it also feels familiar in some instances probably with Hackman who played several films like hand-tailored of modern corruption before. The Run Jury was produced and released in 2003 however, the documentary is portrayed specially the corporeal stabbings it highly re-counts to the debauched act which happened in America (Grisham 45).

The director of Run Jury ensures that the flow is highly attained thereby, he generated a mishmash as a court drama as well as character study thereby the entire film was able to acquire its popularity as a golden picture making for years. With a clear empathetic of the movie it is easy for the viewers to understand the liberating power of hope as well as justice themes of freedom and resurrection with the idea of the characters confined that fear is able to hold anyone a jailbird but only with hope that one can attain freedom( Grisham 130).

The audience should understand that justice is the only key solution to solving cases. The producer included the audience as part of the movie by giving them the chance to decide on where justice should be placed. In our case in the Jury, the client is a gun fabrication sued by a family of casualty of the weapon’s violence. With a clear follow of the movie the audience understands the strength of law and by this some might think if the Run Jury hits American home video it can be difficult for the citizens where smokers might not even be allowed to do their activities in the imagination areas (Grisham 45).

Jury is yet well acted especially because it contains amazing cast which lifts the unexceptional as well as its issues. The script has got several loops holes in judgement which even takes what one sees as seriousness thereby, directing lacks of sharpness in the narrative. The script contains a huge liability particularly because in some instants certain plots disappear during the running of the drama as well as in some characters (Grisham 125).

The film is of much help to the audience considering the characters of the suspect where no one is able to change him. Despite him getting into behind bars using his skills, the director was keen ensuring that the court ruled with justice. The drama keeps the audiences in an underwhelming mood by providing a whole lot of explanation of what is going on as we begging to discover every character’s hidden motives after they cease to be dazzling. Easter the prosecutor is not at any point seen at work but rather her study in applied psychology is seen behind bars. The producer ensured the Jury room appeared in a curious manner considering the fact that everyone is curious ion the judgement (Grisham 33).

Supreme Court is one of the optional bodies which Easter opts to get a satisfying and worthy hearing. The process of appeal against such association ruling is welcomed at the Supreme Court; she is required to submit a written statement to the court of Appel. First of all, the body allows only those parties who have exhausted all other legal remedies at their disposal before seeking the appeal. The stoker will need to entail her names, copy of the decision being sought for appeal among other important documents deemed as the necessity by the body. And more importantly, the appellant is mandated to remit a certain amount of money the CAS upon which the case will commence (CAS, R44.2). The procedural court proceedings are administered by the judge selected by the court to conduct and avail the verdict. Normally, on the first day of the hearing, both sides are requested to provide their detailed evidence only if they think from the best opinion they deem them relevant to the case before them. The drama tries to bring the fact that every jury has got a leader where the verdict belongs to him (CAS, R44.3).

The Runaway Jury adheres to the American law where the suspect is convicted and given the penalty associated with owning firearms for the people of color was receiving 39 lashes on the bare back and the person exposed to the public. Traces of gun control laws that prohibited gun ownership started in Dodge City, Kansas back in 1879 when posts notifying on the prohibition of firearms started spreading across the state. The first law was passed in Dodge City in the early 1880s which provided that every citizen that carried concealed firearm in the state was violating the state’s laws and heavy penalties would be exerted (Grisham 125).

The movie writer’s aim to the readers is educate them on the fact that, in United States, there is a perceptible divergence in the gun control laws in different states. In most of these states that have gun control laws depend basically on the federal firearms laws that offer a broader scope regarding the issue of the bearing firearms. However, it is factual that among all the states in U.S the minority are the ones that have created the assault weapon bars that compare to the federal assault weapon bans that prevailed in the history of United States.  As a result, the major controversy that exists between the advocators and contestants of the gun control laws is raised by the provisions made by the Second Amendment to the Constitution. The Second Amendment stands as the most guaranteed and important right by the Bill of Right. It provides that every citizen of United States has a right to keep and bear firearms and should not be infringed.  Therefore, regardless of the clarity provided by the second amendment, different states have exhibited consisted attacks on the individual rights granted by the provision (CAS, R44.3).

Work cited

Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS). http://www.tas-cas.org/en/index.html

Grisham, John. The Runaway Jury. New York: Random House, 2003. Print.

Kramer versus Kramer Analysis

            The film gives answers to male parenting, the family’s deterioration and women movement.  The film analyzes the problem of how to maintain the preeminent effect and the power of the male parent from the public view to the domestic view. The film can be used as a test tool for the female analysis of the family.  Any family investigation will include the expectations that are required in order to outline the family as an organization.  Despite the fact that the film Kramer vs. Kramer demonstrates how the family is reorganized whereby the reorganization is not based on the matters hostility. The film shows a vague position based on the family that makes the audience occupy in all positions that are related to the main issue in the film. The deceitful confusion of real life situations endures in the representation of father and son relationship (Benton, 1979).

            Hoffman is likely to perform both but his children’s strategies are classical. The actual demands and conflicts of a parent –child relations are not outlined in the film.  The change of Hoffman’s job does not get him out of the conflict between the public and domestic roles but instead it shows an uncivilized delusion of the similar conditions in issues on single mothers. Hoffman’s salary drops with a huge percentage although his situation is hugely relieved by his security on finances.  The salary that is grounded to him is high but his lifestyle as depicted in the film actually requires a higher salary than that.  Hoffman’s standard of living and salary given to him are at contradiction to enable the empathy with the family. The lower the character’s salary, the easier it is for the film’s audience to plan themselves into the roles showed in the film (Benton, 1979).

            These roles must be agreeable to subjugate, so money fears are not depicted in the story. The responsive and mental predicaments of the film characters are underestimated compared to the real life counterparts of the average Kramer family and an imaginary monetary security which is well-matched with the general ease of their presence. The film makes it clear from the Kramer family financial status that it is only about enacting the higher class allegory of the nuclear family. The film based on the question on how the father uses discipline is portrayed by Hoffman and how he uses intimidations that are cutely snubbed. He has a father- son relation that contains only unplanned chats and snips.  Hoffman’s son ignores him due to the fact that they had a deal with his dad.  The child’s fear increases and is forced to accomplish specific tasks in the family tragedy (Benton, 1979). 

            The child gets fear and understanding from the viewers that reinforce the sense of imminence and shock in the film. When Bill gets injured on the field while playing, it shows a vivid act when Hoffman rushes him to the hospital on foot, with the child in his arms.  Hoffman is seen as self-sacrificing in being a man who meets the needs of his son. This tells and explains how women would do that with more time and more sympathy. The audience recognizes Hoffman’s feelings and through his actions, the audience gets the fear of loss within the family.  Hoffman later tells the boy that he will go back to live with his grandmother and the main worry with the child is on where his toys will be and how will be kissing him goodnight.  This proofs that with the boy living with his father, he has been encountered to many life changes. The love that the boy has towards his father is developed as the boy is used as Hoffman’s teacher in his time of preparation in the kitchen (Benton, 1979).         

            The boy moves all along with his father even when he is in the kitchen preparing breakfast and this makes the child have more knowledge and control of the kitchen chores more than his father.  Billy has expedited his dad’s control of the domestic planetary thus men are present as even and ordinary together in the kitchen.  The film Kramer vs. Kramer outlines the problems encountered in families based on the individuals in it.  As Hoffman is kicked out of the commercial world, it remains unharmed while the domestic scene continues to be a site of calmness as it seems like the warm family life even without the heartfelt living thing.  As criticized by the film, the family institution is really protectively upheld even in its fracturing.  Every person in the family takes the guilt for the disintegration onto his or her own. The child asks his dad whether his mom left because he was naughty and his dad tells him that the reason was that the mother could no longer stand his husband. Hoffman takes the guilt of his wife’s absence, he says that his wife was always happy whenever he was happy but deep inside her she was sad.  Hoffman was always thinking about his own life wherever his wife was talking to him and neither listened to her.  The film is well known because of how it deals with passionately unstable family conditions.  The film is important as feelings are provoked but not in an endangered way (Benton, 1979). 

Reference

 Kramer versus Kramer movie. Benton, 1979