Mass Disaster Planning

Introduction

Disasters are tactics devastating a community, property distraction and injuring populations.  For worldwide reduction of property and life loss, 1990s has been declared the International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction by the United Nation General Assembly. Medical society involvement is crucial in this result of attempt. Disasters are caused by man or natural incidents and are repetitively described in terms of reliable characteristics whereby every one of them is unique, intense urgency each placing very great weight on leaders and their communities to reduce rates of destructions and deaths. Calamities of such kind have been witness already.

With no warning, an earthquake laid waste Soviet Armenia, water and winds of Hurricane Hugo ravaged the Carolinas and the Caribbean island and many more that already took place and others still to take place. Man-made disasters are happening at a tremendous rate worldwide. In spite of the fact that global incidents coverage media provide access to viewing the disasters, lacking experience that is first hand one cannot wholly acknowledge level of death, devastation and suffering. In order to reduce the scenarios and establish higher survival number, particularly the medical society must provide plans for disaster response. A proved response plan knowledgeably coordinated by leaders who are experienced will enable saving of bigger number of lives and also reduce problems that are not necessary. Thus, this article will be introducing overall disaster planning concepts while focusing on medical society response and organization.

Hurricane Hugo

Hurricane Hugo resulted in a tremendous life loss and damage in Southeast United States, Puerto Rico and Leeward Island. In the year 1989 September 9^th, Hurricane Hugo emerged over eastern Atlantic swiftly covering wide range of miles over the Atlantic with the strength of a level 5 hurricane. On September 17^th and 18^th, as level 4 hurricane, Hugo stretched to St. Croix and Guadeloupe. As it continued to weaken it crossed to Puerto Rico as a level 3 hurricane. After some hours it downed to level 2 where it shot up again to category 4 at McClellanville. Its history will stay remembered as it caused 34 deaths at the Caribbean, South Carolina 27, almost 100,000 people were left without homes and an overall damage of 10 billion dollars marking it as the most costly hurricane recorded by the year 1989.

Preparations 

In San Juan, 15^th September, Puerto Rico National Weather Service called for a hurricane watch which was upgraded to a warning the day after. Disaster Interagency Committee was immediately activated as people started being evacuated giving Hugo the sixth position on the list.

Impact    

Puerto Rico and United States mainland encountered damage that was almost 7 billion dollars as a result of the Hurricane Hugo. It marked as the most expensive hurricane until the year 1992 where it was surpassed by Hurricane Andrew and other three more down the line. Damage recorded at the Caribbean, summed up to 3 billion dollars giving an overall total of 10 billion dollars. As for the number of people who died the records are not clear as the American Meteorological Society claim they were 49 as others say 56.

`Hurricane Hugo results were unbearable. The damage was too intense as people were left homeless and food sources shortened resulting to lawlessness and looting. In Saint Croix it became extreme that the President of the United States George H. W. Bush matched his federal troops there to retain order and law, property protection and diminish destruction. Army elements, U.S Federal Bureau of Investigation and Marshal Service, Coast Guard, and the Navy created Joint Task Force 40 for Operation Hawkeye. In addition, National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) first operated due to Hugo which was sent to aid in medical assistance.

Planning

Approach

Disaster planning is a great task. For divers needs resulted by major services disruption and damage of property to be met, the local official of the government and community require to devise strategy that is inclusive. Where casualties are produced due to calamity, it is difficult for disaster planning but also very important for medical reaction that is sophisticated. For an effective anticipation, planners need to first uncover problems posed by a disaster which is marked to be the most challenging viewpoint. All planning should be solvent on approved assumptions resulted from the research past drills and responses of disasters.

Catastrophe response radically varies from habit when it comes to medical care submission. Care philosophy does not focus on specific patient. Medical facilities, personnel and supplies are earmark with care providing tremendous good for tremendous number. Procedures and priority of routine are accordingly modified. Selection of communication, patients and resources is important. This enables many from benefiting.

Disaster studies have established inconsistencies that have resulted to injury potential. Putting this in consideration establishes larger grounds when it comes to estimation of casualties and kinds. One example is the American earthquake which was resulted by construction that was poor in nature making it collapse. Many people suffered from it which included medical personnel where no facilities or medical support remained. Moreover, planners need to anticipate results from previous catastrophes such as the Hurricane Hugo floods to result to more damage.

Conclusion

No person anticipates a category 5 Hurricane to arise from the Atlantic covering wide ranges of dry land resulting to massive damage and deaths and thousands injured. Nor expect collapsing of two skywalks leaving 114 dead at Kansas or an earthquake like the one that took place in San Francisco. Disasters are not expected but they do take place as it is natural for calamities to occur with living as with advances in technology and industries, accidents come. War, dissatisfaction and terrorism are results from political change or socioeconomic stagnation.

Better planning and preparation helps the society to handle death and devastation on disasters strike. It is always critical for medical society to be involved. Disaster medicine is chosen by various personnel in the medical field to become trained and knowledgeable in this field so as to play part in planning and leadership.  Some attain skills in medical care and management on ground, philosophy care alteration, recourse allocation, procedure and priority of routine modification. A large number though familiarize with hospital settings. At all circumstances, the medical society have to come to the understanding of its limits and roles, show awareness of the value of fellow members responding to worrying times. And with all that said, it is highly important for them to maintain commitment in responding when summoned.

Reference

Wecht, C. H., & Okoye, M. I. (2007). Forensic investigation and management of mass disasters. Tucson, AZ: Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co.

Kramer, W. M. (2009). Disaster planning and control. Tulsa, Okla: PennWell/Fire Engineering.

True/False Questions

• Full section can be used to expose both symmetrical and asymmetrical parts of the object being sectioned. True or False?

Correct answer: True

• There is no difference between full and half sections in terms of the parts of the object being sectioned. Both sections are used for both symmetrical and asymmetrical parts. True or False?

 Correct answer: False

• Section intersecting is made for identifiable portions of the object but not for the small complex portions. True or False?

Correct answer: True

• The best way of displaying the cutting edge lines is from a parallel angle. True or False?

 Correct answer: False

• Reference arrow method uses the direction arrow heads to show the end of the cutting edge line not the start. True or False?

 Correct answer: True

Option Questions

1. Please identify the type of section view represented by the following section identification diagram
2. Developed view
3. Full section view
4. Removed section
5. Thin section

Correct answer: Developed View

2. Which is the type of sectional view represented by the diagram below?
3. Half section
4. Offset section
5. Revolved section
6. Broken-out section

Correct answer: offset section view 

3. The following diagram represents the part of sectional view. Identify the view
4. Enlarged detail view
5. Developed view
6. Thin section view
7. Removed section view

Correct answer: Thin Section View 

4. Identify the view represented by the following diagram

1. Isometric view
2. Enlarged detail view
3. Revolved section view
4. Broken-out section view

Correct answer: Enlarged Detail View

5. Identify the view represented by the following diagram
6. Enlarged detail view
7. Offset section view
8. Removed section view
9. Broken-out section view

Correct answer: Broken Out Section View

Ecology letter

To: Chairperson of Private Wildlife Ranches Association

From:

RE: Bylaws of Regulating Private Wildlife Ranches

The main purpose of this letter is to impose laws on private ranches and their practices in order to enhance the protection of flora and fauna as a way of wildlife conservation through sustainable approaches. The need to address the attempt of regulating the private wildlife ranches is attributed to a number of ecological consequences that arise often as a result of the practices and the economic priorities in the private sector of wildlife. I present and analyze the new national regulations that are aimed at harmonizing the provincial regulation and how wildlife industry will be guided in a more conservationist manner (Silvy, 2012). The implementation of the new law will focus on international responsibilities together with the national policy that regards to biodiversity management through a potential way of combating the very specific ecological problems that are linked to private wildlife ranching. However, in this practice, the bylaws regulations are an efficient source of the pressure of all the stakeholders and the challenges of implementing it. It will also address the ecological problems at a margin and in which the new bylaws will encourage the private ranchers to change their land into more friendly land use (Silvy, 2012).

It is wise to acknowledge that the private land holders have engaged in a very important role towards natural conservation efforts that has created a great scene of fortune in wildlife conservation. The wild animal depends on the environments are surround them which means that if the environment around them is endangered the animals are also endangered (Silvy, 2012). Managing of the private ranches for the selected biodiversity protection can be a costly affair that will require a long-term finding a process that is secured that will be used to address the challenging issue and the constant pressure that is seen to come from other political priorities (Gates, 2010).

The bylaws will result in a positive impact that will help maintain a natural ecological system for all the wildlife animals or semi-natural habitats and the provision of resources and the natural land that the species can be introduced through programs that are meant private ranches through a number of practices that are within the industry of ranching to solve the conflict of conservation principles (Gates, 2010). The regulation will involve a deliberate act of hybridization or cross-breeding of the various types of species and subspecies (Silvy, 2012). There will also be the breeding of selective breeds and recessive color breeds and the in order facilitate more of the endangered species.  Unscientific breeding shall lead to the introduction of extralimital species within the private ranches, degradation of habitat, minimal survival rates and a genetic population of the wildlife population hence the need to regulate the practices of the ranches (Charnley, Sheridan & Nabhan, 2014).

The bid to scale up the regulations of the private ranches is because some of the private ranches are small in size as a result of overstocking, land degradation and they cannot be able to hold and contain the genetically healthy predator's population should be handled in a more efficient manner that will not compromise the environment (Gates, 2010). One of the legal requirements will be that all the private ranchers to utilize the system to be enclosed by a game fence that will lead to the disintegration of the various landscapes that are harmful by causing genetic seclusion of the species as well as the disruption of the migratory route.

The regulation of the private wildlife ranches will also eliminate and curb done practices that are driven by the financial gains that in reality appear to create a little contribution to biodiversity management which could result in major depletion of the diversity of the natural population and the genetic integrity (Charnley, Sheridan & Nabhan, 2014). In addition other problems such as hunting will be reduced from a national level that will create a humane treatment to the endangered species through fair principles of using traps that will reduce hunting ad poaching as there will be an independent unit monitoring the ranches that will perform its mandate of ensuring the wildlife and the environment around it are secure enough to provide a conducive habitat for the wild animals to live in with any external interference (Gates, 2010).

The significance of conversation which will be achieved by the implementation of the bylaws will provide a national standard that will ensure the utilization of the endangered and the protected species in the private ranches (Silvy, 2012). By the implementation of the bylaws there will be the creation of value and in general, the national importance will be achieved (Charnley, Sheridan  & Nabhan, 2014). The law will also ensure the private ranches practice as they are required so that they may not jeopardize the endangered species by carrying out practices that are beneficial to the flora and fauna. In conclusion, the bylaws are not meant to oppress the private wildlife industry stakeholders but it is done to create value, motivation, and collaboration that will help them adopt environmentally friendly practices that will enhance the continuous growth and success of the private wildlife ranches.

Sincerely

Reference

Charnley, S., Sheridan, T. E., & Nabhan, G. P. (2014). Stitching the West back together: Conservation of working landscapes.

In Gates, C. C., In Freese, C. H., In Gogan, P. J. P., In Kotzman, M., IUCN/SSC American Bison Specialist Group,, & International Union for Conservation of Nature,. (2010). American bison: Status survey and conservation guidelines 2010.

Silvy, N. J. (2012). The wildlife techniques manual. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Culture differences

Culture affects the social, economic and political growth of a particular country. Different countries have embraced the various aspect of culture in their own unique way depending on the environment in which the locals operate. This paper compares the aspects of power distance, individualism, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance between the United States and South Korea and how they affect business operations in each country (ITIM, n.d).

To start with, power distance is an aspect that shows how a country copes up with inequalities. The United States has the lowest PDI of 40 compared to that of South Korea which is at 60. The low PDI indicates that the United States has a greater equality for its members at the various societal levels. Considering that the United States is a multicultural country, it is evident that most of the government offices, organizations and families shave even distribution of power. However, a PDI for South Korea is very large (ITIM, n.d). It clearly indicates that power is not evenly distributed in organizations and government offices. This is due to the fact that it is a hierarchical society. Other characteristics or a hierarchical society such as centralization of power and inherent inequalities are reflected by the large power distance that exists. Since the subordinate staff in the United States has a chance to suggest and take part in an organization’s decision making, carrying out a business more effective. Business in South Korea can be ineffective because contributions from the wise are normally blocked out. The bosses have the final say even if they do not consult (ITIM, n.d).

The United States has a 91 score of individualism while South Korea has a score of 18. People in the United States are much concerned about themselves and their individual families while those in South Korea have a collectivistic society. Carrying out a business in U.S. is also easy because individualism promotes healthy competitions because one can be able to demonstrate his or her talent. In addition, workers can have a chance to exhibit large amount of creativity and innovations hence promoting economic growth. Collectivists in south Korea is only focused on high level of personal responsibility implying that it is easy to do business in the united states than in south Korea (ITIM, n.d).

On the concept of masculinity, South Korea has a low score of 39 implying that it has a feminine society. It has the well being is prioritized. Managers often support their subordinates by involving them in decision making. The other focus is caring and striving to achieve the quality of life.  The masculinity of the united is very high of up to 62. Americans are driven by the “live to work” who means that each person is only concerned about his or her well being. From this perspective, carrying out a business in South Korea is favorable than in the United States. This is because the culture of South Korea supports the mentality of work in order to live. This is more motivating than that of the United States (ITIM, n.d).

Lastly, South Korea scores 85 which make it to be the leading country in terms of uncertainty avoidance. This aspect of South Korean culture makes people to have intolerant behavior because a tragedy is not in any way planned for. It restricts innovation and creativity and therefore carting out a business here is difficult. This is because when a person comes with a new idea, a lot of laws may hinder it because of fear about the consequences that might befall the country. Business in South Korea especially for new innovations can be challenging for entrepreneurs compared to the United States where innovations and creative minds are welcomed (ITIM, n.d).

One the aspects of the South Korean culture that have been left is business etiquette. This is grounded from the fact that personal relationships are very vital to them. The business etiquette is made up of introduction, greeting, business cards, and gift giving the K-type management as well as business meeting. These are highly esteemed aspect of their culture. Doing business in South Korea requires one to adopt and fit into their business etiquette. Most businesspersons usually face a lot of difficulties while handling the Koreans (Choong et al, 2012). This is because they scarcely conduct business with someone whom they don’t trust. Foreign companies experience difficulties while trying to reach the expectations of the South Koreans because their practices are totally different from those in the United States or any other country across the globe. This implies that one has to understand their culture and traditions failure to which the going would be tough for foreigners (Choong et al, 2012).

In general, an investor or an entrepreneur who is planning to start a business in South Korea may face a lot of difficulties due to cultural differences. In the area of creativity and innovation, he or she might be limited by the laws of the country. Understanding fully the business etiquette is also challenging to the foreigners.

References

ITIM, ( n.d) Geert Hofstede  Retrieved from: https://geert-hofstede.com/united-states.html

Choong Y. Lee, Pittsburg State University, Kansas, U.S.A, (2012) Korean Culture and Its Influence on Business Practice in South Korea The Journal of International Management Studies, Volume 7. Retrieved from: http://www.jimsjournal.org/21%20Choong%20Y.%20Lee.pdf

            Family Structure

            A structure of the family is described as the composition of the family which involves relationships and roles of the family (Sharf, 2012).  The methodology o systems families as both closed as open with boundaries that are inflexible which help in determining functional and structural components of the family.  Therefore when the   structure theory of the family   is made up of several boundaries then a family which is characterized as dysfunctional will overcome and cross the developed boundaries.  Family dysfunction results in chaos for the general family and this may be developed by a family member who is involved in drugs and alcohol abuse. Death occurrence in any family is an addition reason that may result in dysfunction (Sharf, 2012). Family structure can be described as the family code that cannot be seen where the family interacts and operates with anyone.

            In determining whether a family is dysfunctional this can be determined through the occurrences in the family.  For instance, a couple may start with being happy before starting to depart slowly (Sharf, 2012).  Then after the divorce, the man is diagnosed with a long-term ailment after which the wife gets married to another.  This, therefore, portrays the conflict that is in the particular family. This, therefore, shows that the family is dysfunctional (Sharf, 2012).  The family is, therefore, dysfunctional because it is unable to cross the developed boundaries. While family that is able to overcome the conflicts which are the boundaries can be termed as not dysfunctional.  If the structure of the family, therefore, can be able to handle the effects caused by the situation then it automatically becomes dysfunctional.  However, if the event tends to be disturbing the family can thus be characterized by the abnormality.

            Reference

            Sharf, R. S. (2012). Theories of psychotherapy and counseling: Concepts and cases. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.

Family Structural Theory

            The act of raising children is a challenging function for Susie additional to the role of providing care to the patient.  In the situation of Susie, a nurse would thus look for the signs of fatigue from the care provider.  So that the caregiver can sustain the motivation of providing the necessary care to the patient as well as raise her own family, ensure is therefore required that time allocation on a weekly basis is made. This timing should, therefore, include activities which will ensure that mental relaxation is achieved such as exercising and engaging in a hobby (Black, & Chitty, 2014).  The nurse is thus necessitated to evaluate that Susie who is the care provider is able to handle stress by offering adequate and suitable counseling which are objected to stress management.

            The nurse is additionally required to evaluate the requirements of all the individuals in the family. This will, therefore, help the nurse in developing plans where the individuals can cooperate in order to offer some aid in helping the patient (Black, & Chitty, 2014).  The kids should, therefore, be evaluated to ensure that theory is emotional, physically as well as mentally okay. In addition, it would be beneficial to encourage them to be involved in activities in order to avoid the sensation of resentment from the divided attention of Susie.

            In enhancing health in this family the particular nurse can use family theories and provide education to the family via health informatics (Finkelman, & Kenner, 2016). Despite the illness, the family can be urged to stick as one and enjoy quality moments.  The nurse can make suggestions to the family to utilize community-based resources by emphasizing how significant being involved in less stressful moments is crucial (Finkelman, & Kenner, 2016).  Moreover, in developing decisions, Susie does not necessary to consult the emotions of her patient mother in developing decisions.

            References

            Black, B. P., & Chitty, K. K. (2014). Professional nursing: Concepts & challenges. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier.

            Finkelman, A. W., & Kenner, C. (2016). Professional nursing concepts: Competencies for quality leadership.

Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Paper

The development of humans is an all biological, social and psychological process that all human individuals are subjected to in order to reach full maturity (In Calkins, 2015). The process defines who we are, how we do things, how we interact with other humans and how we see and view the environment around us. It is an essential theme in understanding human development and how individuals are affected. The bio-psycho-social aspect helps in understanding the human development through cultural competency and understanding the general system theory of human being and how it operates are an essential part of being an effective individual service professional (In Calkins, 2015).

Q 1

Human development comprises of three aspects that are the social, biological and the psychological development. These dimensions of human development have a way of interacting with each other in order to create an individual personality and identity. The biological aspect affects an individual’s capability of interacting with the world physically (In Calkins, 2015). For instance, if an individual has a genetic disability from a birth defect their mobility is affected in which it challenges them in the way they interact with the environment on personal levels. Their interaction can be enhanced with the assistance of other individuals or the physical tools that assist their mobility. The psychological aspect of an individual affects a person’s perception of the world around them. The psychological state of an individual determines how an individual can perform within the society and how they see the environment around them. The social aspect of an individual has an effect on the individual interactions with other various individuals within the environment (Shuttleworth, 2002).

Q 2

Human diversity can be best described as an individual or an organization visibly understanding the different cultures, beliefs, languages of the people and their families around the world. Cultural competence aims at understanding the very specifics of cultural language economic and social fine distinction of particular persons and families.  It also involves the skills, behaviors, policies and attitudes that are executed in order to assist an individual or a social worker and the organization into efficiently perform with cross-cultural deals (Shuttleworth, 2002). Culture is the integrated pattern of various human behaviors that includes custom, actions, communication, thoughts and the institution of religious, ethnic and social groups. On the other hand, competence refers to having the capacity of performing effectively of an individual and an institution within the boundaries of cultural belief (Welze, & Markowitsch, 2005).

Cultural competence concentrates on the specific issues of the population that includes disease prevalence and the treatment efficiency together with health-related beliefs. A social worker who is culturally proficient can be able to differentiate between the failure and the success of their clients (Shuttleworth, 2002). A social worker who clearly understands the diverse backgrounds of the client is able to understand the human service field in a more elaborate manner such as those with disabilities, the lesbian and the gay community and the elderly (Welze, & Markowitsch, 2005).

Q 3

The general system theory is similar to an industry or a business in their structure. In the business world, the inputs of the institutional are managed to produce outputs that are desirable. On the other hand, a social worker in the social work field uses different resources which are the inputs to develop procedures and a process that will produce services which are the output (Skyttner, 2005). The system theory can be used to assist a social worker in their profession understand how they can establish a social system. The system theory refers to the components that are transactional and are bounded. These components can include anything and different exchanges of any given relationship that may exist between the components that function within the environment. An individual is aware of the boundaries as they can see, hear, sense or even feel (Skyttner, 2005). A social order can be viewed as a demeanor which culture is organized at with the standards that are needed to run an organization. It is evident that the general theory and the social order are separate but they both deal with groups and the environment when operating in the human service field and they can both work together in finding help and creating goals for the clients (Skyttner, 2005).

In conclusion, the general theory is used in all dimension of the social work of families, children, advocacy and policy making. Social order is relatively a steady system of an institution, customs, patterns of interaction and particulars of the society. In order to have a system theory, there must be a social order as without a social order an individual cannot determine the factors and the causes within the environment that cause a problem. It is also true to say that without a social order there can also be no proper treatment. Social order offers a set of norms within a given system and without it, system theory cannot be used. In social human services the bio-psycho-social aspects, cultural competence, human diversity, social order, and the general system theory can all work together to make a better environment for the clients and also enable the social worker experts to serve their clients better.

Reference

In Calkins, S. D. (2015). Handbook of infant biopsychosocial development. New York, NY : The Guilford Press

Shuttleworth, A. (2002). Turning towards a bio-psycho-social way of thinking. European Journal Of Psychotherapy, Counselling & Health, 5(3), 205.

Skyttner, L. (2005). General systems theory: Problems, perspectives, practice. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific.

Welze, H., & Markowitsch, H. (2005). Towards a bio-psycho-social model of autobiographical memory. Memory, 13(1), 63-78.

Historic American or Global

“On the Equality of the Sexes”

Nature is partial in distribution in relation to both sexes. As a matter of fact, human species are questionable about the mental superiority between the two. Both sexes have a higher understanding of things that are common to both but there is suffering in the minds of the females as they are considered infamously deficient or rather unequal due to the intellectual powers that are ranged before them (Murray, 132). The intellectual power include reason, judgment, memory and imagination that are possessed by individuals that are undoubted in various regions of fancy in order to intervene in the most difficult  way through the individuals mind. This article has clearly shown and draws the line between equality of sexes and how women are considered to be the weaker sex.

A weak, an inferior soul and a servile is what a woman is considered to be as they have nothing more to offer compared t the other sex (Murray, 132). They have been considered imbecile as they have been robbed the little power they have so that they can improve. A female heart is noble filled with passion as they emulate many fires and have great inspirational thoughts though in the eyes of nature they are considered weaker. Women have been rising with time proofing that they are not inferior while some men have sunk low in the past but that has not changed the views of many(Murray, 133) . Despite the bright wreath that has led to a growing fame of women in the supplies chain have not change how people and the nature take and view women. A woman is supposed to supersede the domestic duties unlike the man who is supposes to be way more industrious as their mind is full of liberty thus making them more rational beings (Murray, 134). Domestic employment is considered to be sufficient for women.  This creates room for no female improvement as they are denied their future existence though a consistent thought that has been existing.

Nature partiality has filled the human mind with creative faculty into the men’s world. This is evident in the fashion industry that has continued to evolve day in day out. This has greatly distinguished and embellished the female world that has continued to change by rendering the wise man declaration of intricate discovery under the sun (Murray, 133). Observations have indicated that the female turpitude is seen through the conduct of sex, how it has been enormous and how females have been seen to be extremely ready through the first thought that makes them every apologetic and so plausible even in amiable light. Creative powers that show how females are inventive in scandals speak volumes as it is merely a force or an unproductive imagination imposed on them (Murray, 133).

In conclusion female judgment is considered not to be as strong as they are not capable of distinguishing well that can raise questioning due to who is considered superior than the other (Murray, 133). This is because men are generally considered to be wise that women of the same age. Indeed this has become a custom that people tend to generally accept as it has been there since time in memorial. From a different view both sexes are considered not to have the same interest in common things as it is seen to be not well favored (Murray, 224). The possession of affluence and the objection relating to the female exertions is less compared to that of men. Heavier task that require physical strength are left out to men as their strength cannot be compared to that of women as it is considered to be less. They have admirable superior strength that is more influential than precept in the male dominated world (Murray, 225). Abraham, Moses and David have been manifested as figures of strength due to the role they played. Therefore it is true to say woman empowerment is a critical issue that should be addressed in order for women to be viewed in a different perspective in the world that has been greatly dominated by men in major fields.

Work cited

Murray, Judith Sargent. “On the Equality of the Sexes.” Penn Libraries. Ed. Mary

Ockerbloom. n.d. Web. 11 May 2012.

Read like a scientist

Darwin’s finches are a group passerine birds which were collected by Charles to define the fourteen species of birds and their origin. In the article “Science Understanding the universe, every day”, there has been posted a scientist chat that discusses the lifetime of a bee while in flight paths. The most interesting thing that i liked about the article how the two types of flights; exploration and exploitation have been details (Berra, 2009). The article has also presented the highlights of the previous study that was done to determine the personality of a bee through DNA test. The article has presented a fair research and all the evidence provided is credible.

Think like a scientist

Debates about the origin of human species have always been biased and therefore the conclusions are all biased. One can spot out the biased arguments and conclusions from these debates as shall be discussed. First, there are principles such as uniformitarianism, Copernican and Occam razor which have been claim to be the result of bias conclusion during such debates (Berra, 2009).

The creationist also make inaccurate and biased understanding of the evolution theory without any substantial support of their arguments. On the other hand, despite the overwhelming present evidence against Darwin, the scientists are still embracing his ideas just for the sake of promoting atheism. While figuring out the nature  human eye, the evolution theory has had a difficult time while trying to explain its origin. In addition, no evidence before the Cambrian has survived and this becomes the basis of my argument that human eye is intelligently designed (Berra, 2009).

Speak like a scientist

There are various words that challenged my knowledge about Charles Darwin and he evolution theory. Mutation and primates are however the newest to me and a research on them has been done as presented. First, mutations are either physical or behavioral changes at the level of genes and DNA natural selection which are basically the raw materials from which evolution takes place (Kratochwill, 2016). Primates on the other hand refers to an animal order that categorize the monkeys, lemurs and tarsiers as well as apes as similar. There are however substitute terms that could be used in the place of mutation like alteration and modification. Hierarchy on the other hand could best replace primates hence becoming easier to understand.

Case study 5

As much as different evidences have been collected, the most reliable is that of recordings. This is in form of a short film that was taken in 1967 for an alleged Bigfoot (Radford, 2002). The film was taken by Roger Patterson and Bob Gimli. This film is however leaving out some details concerning whether the creature is hoax or not. The evidence that this film could probably be faked has some validity and therefore the evidence is rarely trusted (Radford, 2002). Grover Krantz has also commented that the size of the chest presented on the film is not proportional to the rest of body parts. Lastly, the invalidity of the film has been suspected due to the fact that Patterson had told people that he had gone to take a shot of the Bigfoot prior to the capturing of the film. In my opinion, the evidence of somatic samples would best prove the existence of the Bigfoot. This is because, it would be easier to conduct an analysis of the blood samples, the footprints hair remains and skin scrapings (Radford, 2002).

References

窗体顶端

Berra, T. M. (2009). Charles Darwin: The concise story of an extraordinary man. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press.

窗体底端

Personal Perception on Disability

In the contemporary world, it is factual that the number of disable people leaving independently has increased significantly in the millennial era. This can be based on the increasing awareness that disabled people ought to live a normal life as other people do. Therefore, disabled people have withheld the perception of potential of full control over their life. Additionally, disabled people work towards eliminating the modern attitude that a disabled person is obviously dependent on others for help on nearly everything. This can be regarded as the starting point of negative stereotyping on people with disabilities. However, personally, I believe that it not about stereotyping; it is more of sympathy and consideration about the ability and effect of certain factors on the health of the disabled people.  Conversely, it is factual that every type of disability endures a certain level of segregation from the normal progress of the activities in the current society. Thus, in this case I will pay much attention on intellectual disability which might result from disorders such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or even Tourette syndrome (TS). Citing from the healthcare perspective, I contend that one of the reasons why the modern society has failed in offering full attention to people with disabilities is because it does engage disabled people in debates regarding strategies to adopt to help the disabled. As a result, I will focus on the segregation of people with learning disabilities during debates on the help to people with intellectual disabilities.

To start with, I believe that people with intellectual disabilities has a right to partake in developing ideas on the help that people living with similar disabilities should get. It is no wonder to find that modern conferences discussing the issue of people with learning disabilities host professional, doctors, surgeons and therapist but fail to engage disabled people. With this regard, my worries are based on the fact that if the society continues to withhold this culture, other organizations and sectors might find themselves excluding people with learning disabilities from their decision making processes. This might promote the fading away of the spirit of disabled people’s rights in the future. For instance, in most of the studies conducted on the development of disorders that affect learning ability of an individual, people with similar disabilities are always left out. The researchers end up using their own perceptions on the study instead of engaging people with the same disorder they are studying in order to capture their ideas. Referencing this case, it is perceptible that the research sector has no apparent good reason for leaving out the disabled people in their studies regardless of the correlation with the disorder being investigated. This is evidence that different departments will adopt the trend of leaving out disabled people in ideas generation and decision making. According to me, researchers and medical intellections make a serious mistake by overlooking the importance of disabled people in their research. For instance, it is true that involving a person suffering from the same disorder being studied can help significantly in speeding up the results of the study. This is argued on the fact that the disabled person engaged in the study will act as a reference or even source of ideas on the information regarding the disorder.

On the other hand, the act of leaving out the disabled people in a research or debate on the disorders might be of good will to those involved in the research and study. However, it is recommendable to ask yourself about what effect might that have on the esteem of the disabled person especially who is suffering from the disorder in question. This means that researchers should be both optimistic and pessimistic on the issue. For example, similarly to gender representation, engaging a disabled person in a research or debate acts as representation of disabled people which will help significantly in raising the self-esteem of disabled people in the society. The other example is based on Down’s syndrome where the researchers might be looking for the answer on whether to prevent fetus with this disorder to be born or to let nature take its course. Thus, in such a discussion, involving a person with that syndrome will help the participants understand what it is about to be born with the disorder according to the ideas raised by the person from his or her experience. The disabled person might prove that it is possible for the child born with the syndrome to lead a happy and comfortable life. This will change the perception of the researchers and speed up the results and conclusions of their study. Additionally, the disabled person will feel revered which will help him or her see the value of living in this society. I believe that one of the reasons that make people with disabilities lead an unhappy life is because of segregation and lack of appreciation that the current society has for them. Generally, this perception will help me as an individual to adhere to what is positive for the disabled person when I interact with them. I will be able to optimize my appreciation to everything a disabled person does as a way of helping him or her lead a happy life.     

Culture essay

Culture goes beyond ethnic and racial boundaries. It includes morals, law, belief, art, knowledge and other habits of members of the community. Culture emphasizes on the material expression, discourses and the practices of the society that are held in common. My culture is the way of life as it has been able to achieve equality (Barry, 2002). This is because there are those customs and beliefs that I have grown with that are not likely to change as they form the basis of my identification. Coming from a culture that has certain practices I have been able to accumulate ideas and knowledge which has assisted me in social interactions. Use of a common language has been of help as I have been able to share and inquire more about my culture from both my parent and the community members. There are expressive forms of practices that we have been using such as the music, art, dance, rituals, technologies, and religion (Barry, 2002).

The political system in my culture is considered civilized due to practices carried out. Generally, as a community with the same culture, there is the tendency to endorse a particular person and support them all the way in the political arena. Most of our practices identify us as there are unique from other culture not only from the racial judgment but from the way we do our things (Crouch, 2008). My culture is characterized by philosophic, literary and artistic themes. From the ancient times, my culture has been developed and evolving in order to adapt to the changing times. There have been reforms for modernization that have been trigged by globalization and renaissance (Barry, 2002).  This transformation has brought in values that have made other cultures especially the developing cultures embrace it. My culture is complex but with rational thinking that has been embraced by the members of my community with time there has been changes and formation of many desirable characteristics that can be emulated.

My culture has been on the for front to develop Christianization.  When I identify myself as a Christian, people can simply tell where I come from because it is a unique trait in a culture. This is one of the characteristics that I use to identify myself when it is about religion. Despite the race or the region that an individual may come from Christianity is one character that diverse and it is embraced by different cultures. This attribute identifies how we worship as a culture and the ideologies we have about how, when and who to worship. My culture cannot be evaluated easily as the valuation situated within the culture holds different value system compared to that of others (Barry, 2002). Cultural materialism has held my cultures human symbol as it places value for life thus creating conditions that are fit for physical survival founded on the cultural basis dispositions. There has been cultural intervention in my culture as there have been innovations that have been found to be beneficial to the group (Crouch, 2008).

Media platforms have been able to portray my community in a more positive way. This is because my community is civilized and it has been considered as a culture that can be embraced in order to transform the world positively (Hodkinson, 2013). More of my community practices have embraced technology and innovation that has made other cultures follow suit. The approach my culture has in relation to politics is considered to be the most modest way. The media has been able to show the world that has smooth and peaceful political practices is the way forward to achieving desirable characteristics (Hodkinson, 2013).

 Reference

Barry, B. (2002). Culture and equality: An egalitarian critique of multiculturalism. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard Univ. Press.

Crouch, A. (2008). Culture making: Recovering our creative calling. Downers Grove, Ill: IVP Books.

Hodkinson, P. (2013). Media, culture and society: An introduction. Los Angeles [etc.: Sage.

Terminal values

The most important terminal values are wisdom, ambitious and health. They are destiny determinants and therefore they have unique identities that truly identify whom I am. Being ambitious is prioritized in my ranking because being hardworking is the best example a leader can show to those he leads. Profitability in all dimensions of life is determined by how committed I am in all the sectors of leadership. Wisdom is the second in my preference. Wisdom refers to the quality of knowledge and intelligence that helps people to make sound decisions. It comes with experience and smartness of a person. I consider wisdom as the beginning of every success in business and in leadership. Health is the wellness of physical or mental condition of a person. I consider health as an important terminal value because when I am healthy, I can carry out my leadership duties without any difficulties.

Instrumental values

Among the many important instrumental values, I consider independence, loving and self controlled as the most important. In this regard, independence is the state of being self reliant which is a value that can help me to do leadership decisions without any alterations. Loving is the most important of all the values because love is the result of all the good values including respect, obedience and many others. Loving is my most value because showing tenderness and affection to those that I lead is what I treasure most. Lastly self-controlled also appears as the top three values which refers to the ability of restraining oneself from doing an action. This value is responsible for alarming me when certain boundaries ought not to be crossed.