Reflection on Diversity 

            Robert W. Cole (2008), in his literature, provides detailed and accurate strategies for teaching diverse students.  According to Cole, it is essential to incorporate all the students in the utilized teaching method in order to achieve equity.  Despite the various efforts and strategies in the 21st century to fully develop teaching strategies to attain efficiency in diverse classes, there is still no adequate evidence to show that the developed methods are effective.  There lacks a better way of teaching students. The major issue in teaching is the fact that teaching fails to fully embrace fresh tactics of teaching diverse students as most instructors rely on a single method of teaching all the students in a similar manner.

            There is, therefore, a pressing need for differentiating teaching and instruction strategies. This should, therefore, be achieved based on the abilities and demands of both the instructors as well as the teachers. However the students need to pay attention in class because with the diversity it is challenging for the teachers to fully differentiate the teaching methods. There is a great need for concentration in order to increase the capability of acquiring maximum knowledge.

            Due to the differing abilities of children in academic achievement, it is essential for the teachers to adopt specialized teaching strategies. This is because the diversity of the students makes it hard to the instructor to draw a conclusive assessment of all the students.  The incapability of the teaching strategies in diverse classes’ results to undesirable results as the ability to hold or interpreting certainly delivered knowledge differs from one student to the other.

            I, therefore, believe that teaching differentiation is crucial as it helps the instructors in catering for wider ranges between students. On the other hand, students are fully able to work based on their abilities without the pressure of concentration.  This is given that the diversity of the students helps the teachers in developing differentiated instructions to increase understanding and eliminate misinterpretation of information. 

            Through my internship in Om Ayman Independent School and Qatar Academy Alwakra, I have learned through literature and experienced and generated the following pieces. I, therefore, plan on assisting the differentiation process by incorporating the following:

• Ensuring that the is free interaction between the instructor and students during classes
• Effective communication in informing individual’s operational changes and issues
• Favorable policies to help the students access their instructors more often
• Developing Strategies for meeting the needs of the diverse population

My unit plan will, therefore, consider the following pieces:

            Piece 1-Differentiating the learning content entails knowledge, skills as well as concepts. Therefore, the content differentiation involves the utilization of distinct formats of message delivery which should be accomplished through the use of different techniques while solving equations.  These may, therefore, include the use of video, graphics, lectures as well as audio where the students will have the opportunity of selecting  content focus based on individual’s interest.

            Piece 2-Process differentiation is a method which involves the sense of students in utilizing content. Students highly require time in processing the generated content.  Therefore, it is essential to differentiate time to help them digest and reflect on the content before beginning the following segment. For example, the instructor can give the students 30 minutes of reflection which is a powerful skill during the experiences of processing. This can involve the partner talks, journaling or pair thinking and sharing

            Piece 3-Product differentiation allows the students to choose individual format designs after the choices are given by the teacher.  This helps in developing transparent academic criteria thus increasing individual understanding.

            Reference

Cole, R. W., & ASCD Improving Student Achievement Research Panel. (2008). Educating          everybody's children: Diverse teaching strategies for diverse learners. Alexandria, VA:           Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

WHO WILL BENEFIT AND WHO WILL BE HURT, AT LEAST IN THE SHORT RUN?

Cheap source of energy

Energy gives the ability of a given system to perform work. In order to perform the work in a smooth manner, a constant source of energy that is cheap is required. Therefore, they are certain ways that will be enhanced in order to see the development of the cheap energy source to be launched. This will ensure that most individuals will have access to the energy since it will be affordable. To create its demand it must have numerous benefits to impact the consumers. This will include pivotal advances in the battery technology for it to remain relatively longer in the field. The virtually unlimited source that is small to fit in the pocket will be convenient to most consumers. The visually unlimited energy will fit in the pocket but will become obsolete because of the cell phone. In the short-run the energy suppliers will be hurt, and this will impact the economy negatively and in return it will increase the rate of unemployment (Bullis, 2012).

Development of a transporter similar to star trek.

 A transporter motive is to maximize the profits. In order to achieve this, the transporter is required to make many trips across the street or the world. This will have a huge impact on the society since families can transport their goods and will be cost effective. This also means there will be competition in the industry. The transportation industry will be affected negatively due to the dramatic change (Bullis, 2012).

Special memory chips in the human brain.

To implant human brains with a chip as a way of giving them knowledge without learning will be considered a huge impact. This will be done in standard ways that will save time for each individual to learn. There will be uniformity among the people and they will desire the same characteristics amongst themselves. This will impact human negatively since the impact of the chips can be severe in their brains and also undesired characteristics position in their brains (Bullis, 2012).

The internet and its impact.

The internet is a source of easily accessible information that allows the information to be simultaneous and disseminate for anyone who has an equipment that has the features which can allow internet connection. This source of information allows people to communicate and exchange ideas freely. Many adore it due to its convenience and the wide range of ideas and products that one can get from the internet. The future is taking a different direction due the information available and the knowledge that on can get. The use of the internet have numerous advantages but it also has a negative impact on the people. The Internet can be used negatively by spreading wrong and bad ideas as well as immoral values (Bullis, 2012).

 Reference

 Bullis, Kevin (2012) "A Billion Peolpe in the Dark." MIT Technology Review. MIT        Technology

Sports marketing

The sporting arena is a wide market that is waiting to be tapped. According to the national football foundation repots about forty-nine million people attended the NCAA football game, while over one hundred and ten million people watched the super bowl in 2012. This is to show that sports have got a wide and great market potential since it captures the attention of millions of people. In order to develop a good marketing plan for the good or service to be sold it is important to make sure you have marketing information thus choose the best tactic to enter the market. Strategic market planning includes careful assessment of the marketing environment, development of strategies and finally implementation. It is important that during the implementation that the plan yields positive results (profits) rather than losses (Miller 1997).

The sport product of interest to me is the assortment sporting equipment such as base balls, basket balls, tennis equipment, baseball. Also selling sports jazzes, and cheering products. Product mix in this case will help in targeting all sporting markets because different sporting events have different seasons during the year. For instance, during super bowl selling products such as balls, or jazzes with different players’ numbers can be such a great potential. Since the target market will be shifting from time to time depending on the sport, the assorted products will help us capture the customers at different events thus the business will always be in play.

Developing the market plan

Data and analysis: The key thing as a sport marketer is taking into account the internal and external environment that they will operate. When it comes to the internal environment, the mission, goals and objectives, resources and the organizational culture must be taken to account. Information is a vital thing so having knowledge of all league programs around your market target is important so as to plan the resources. The resources required in this case is in terms of the starting capital, employees, technology and the work space required or the storage facility. Financial resources are the key to the establishment of a marketing plan. Since it the start, making sure that from the purchase of products to advertising and the final sales all fall into the financial budget while at the same time having profits (Gray 2001).

The external environment includes things like the economy, legal issues, political agendas, educational institutions, environment, technology, social and cultural norms. When the economy is good people will have more to spend for entertainment thus this will be more beneficial to the business. Since we are living in a digital era taking advantage of the numerous social networks to advertise and even sell online products will be beneficial. The cultural and social norms affect the sports being played in given areas so it is better to keep that in mind. Making sure that you are good with the law is also important. So getting licensed and ensuring that you sell quality products rather than counterfeits. Since this is a wide market the competition will be great so ensuring that the business is greatly advertised will help in making sure you are in the top. Also since bigger events will be more competitive, sticking to minor leagues or other smaller leagues will be beneficial (Gray 2001).

Goal and mission: the mission is selling sporting products throughout the state during the different sport events in the state. The goal is to enter the market and establish our market share, increase profitability a time and get sponsors while promoting sports in our state.

Target market: the target market includes high school and college students during their different championship leagues and public customers as they attend the different sports leagues. Dividing the market into segments also assist in fulfilling plan. For instance, demographic segmentation is dividing the market based on, age, socio-economic status, gender, geographic region and education. Psychographic segmentation based on, life styles, attitudes, opinions and values. This will help in going with the right product for the right market (Parkhouse, Turner & Kimberly 2012).

Market strategies: the key thing is market penetration. In such a competitive market how do you gain the competitors customers. For instance, having a rewards program could be advantageous. After that market development is important since this will ensure that you will always have a market for your product. Product development is also important since this will create a loyal customer base (Parkhouse, Turner & Kimberly 2012).

Price decisions: the prices should be market friendly. This means that you must take into how much will be charged to the spectators, participants, or the sponsors. The prices should not be too high since it will scare the customers away nor should it be too low since it will bring losses. Always put into account, purchase price, pricing strategies, discount policies, price lining, payment policies and bundling (Miller 1997).

Place and promotional decisions:  when it comes to promoting the products, a promotional budget is important. Then the objectives, message content and media selection. The venue for the sale will be mostly stadiums so making sure there is access and having all the permits will be beneficial.

Implementation: this is the most important part of a plan, seeing it through. It is important to establish how each task necessary to implement each tactic mission, people necessary to executing each task and the time frame. This will ensure that the set target is met.

References

Miller, L. K.1997. Sport business management. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.

Gray, D. P. 2001 “Sport marketing: Strategies and tactics.” In The management of sports: Its foundation and application, 3rd, edited by B.L. Parkhouse. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill,

Parkhouse, B. & Turner, B. & Kimberly, M. 2012. Developing a Strategic Sport Marketing Plan from Marketing for Sport Business Success, 1st Edition. Kendall Hunt Publishing.

Week 2 Forum

Sports is a very effective tool the company can use to marketing campaigns for its products .since the size of popularity of sports continue to grow with time, companies can take of advantage of  the emotions attached to sporting  activities by relating the products with that particular sport (Shilbury, Westerbeek, Quick, Funk, & Karg,). The extreme sports can be used by the companies to provide their brand with a creative backdrop which will help to market the product.

The biggest advantage of using sports is that they can be held or watched in various platforms which means that marketing of the company’s product can be done in different ways. Furthermore this marketing strategy allow the marketers to ride on the popularity and devotion that fans have towards the various extreme sports (Shilbury, Westerbeek, Quick, Funk, & Karg,). Such sports draws the attention of the fans and any marketer who associate with their preferred sporting activity is guaranteed to capture their attention. People like to get involved in daring activities or get the thrill of the sports men or women overcoming hurdles to win. This strategy is quite inexpensive especially where the sports is managed such that there are very minimal to no case of injuries or casualties. Different customers prefer different sports and thus when the marketer is able to understand the customers’ preferences, they can select different sports for various market segments. This will ensure that they remain relevant to the target market (Shilbury, Westerbeek, Quick, Funk, & Karg,). Thus the extreme sports and martial arts will have a fascinating effect on the potential customer even where they are not willing to participate in them. The products will inspire reaction of admiration when they are combined with aggressive sports in such a manner.

This strategy has its disadvantages especially when it comes to the cost involved especially in case of a small companies. The cost of hiring venues and any advertisements that would be needed to accompany the sporting activities can be prohibitive so much that the benefits arising from such activities may not vindicate the efforts (Shilbury, Westerbeek, Quick, Funk & Karg,). Moreover, it is difficult to get the potential customers to admire the products if the impact of such sports is short term. Another disadvantage is that the moral failings of the participants of those dangerous sports can dent the brand’s image if it turns out ugly.

For the purpose of promoting the products I will use these dangerous sports but with tight guidelines to be followed. I will endeavour to get a chance to create a deeper association of the brand by tapping into the emotions behind the adrenaline and danger.

Reference

Shilbury, D., Westerbeek, H., Quick, S., Funk, D. C., & Karg, A. (2014). Strategic sport marketing.16-25

WEEK 6 SKILLS

1. What is the primary reason Professional Sports Partners won the NCAA’s business and what is one of the key ways the NCAA judges the success of an event in a city?

            Professional Sports partners refers to a team of interested sports fans who are super-focused and dedicated towards maximization of clients investments through pattering into the eagerness, excitement and advantageous energy which is associated with sports.  These partners are unique as they offer organizations such as the NCAA a shot of mutual adrenaline, variety of unique opportunities that govern market share in their class through tapping into sport enthusiast who are loyal to both their group and to the type of partners that support them. The NCAA core reason as to why they choose the PSP was because they had an extensive and comprehensive development plan that made them outstand the other competing companies for the bidding process by the NCAA.
2. What are some of the reasons the Golden State Warriors’ value increased nearly fourfold in just over six years?

            Golden state warriors are basket ball team players who are from Oakland in California and they are American professionals. Some of the major reasons as to why the golden state warriors were able to increase their value is as a result of the increase in sponsorship and television deals inclusive of both the local and international deals. Lacob, the venture capitalist in the golden warriors has also been able to oversee the best ways possible in which the team can increase their value assisted by Guber who is the chief executive officer of the film production organization thus helps out in television dealings.

 The teams have also remained consistent over the years and have been constantly winning hence being regarded as the best team league internationally and that explains their high value.
3. What are the areas of separation we see in the early virtual reality market, and why is the virtual reality space not considered to be competitive yet?

            Virtual reality involves the creation of a practical world where users can interrelate with. Various separations existed in the early reality market such as VR headsets, helmets that aligned video screens over a person’s eyes thus enabling one to see a computerized generated world. This VR is not yet competitive as it is quite expensive such that consumers are unwilling to spend on while some of these equipments are bulky and uncomfortable (Borries et al 2007).
4. According to a panel of virtual reality executives, what are some of the main challenges facing virtual reality?

            V.R experiences are short lived as more sustained stories are sub-divided into episodes. Evolution of the V .R is another challenge as there is the introduction of far better and sophisticated devices. The massive data that is involved in VR is also part of the challenge. In creating a story currently one has to tell it in a spherical dimension which is more complex than the earlier dimension which was rectangular (Borries et al 2007).
5. How many of the WNBA’s original teams still remain? What were some of the league’s original sponsors?

Only four WNBA’s original teams are still in existence even up to date with Marque sponsorship.

6. According to sports lawyer Ian Smith, what are the four most serious corruption problems in e-sports, and who has signed on to join his new e-sports industry association?

            Some of the major corruption problems in e-Sports are the manipulation of a game so as to cheat, interference with the competitor’s internet network, the act of match fixing and doping act. ESL owner and Dreamhack owner which are Swedish digital entertainment grouping are already signed in as they are the founder members of this new company.

7. What is the Play Ball initiative, and how will Little League leverage Major League Baseball’s activities for Play Ball Weekend?

            This is an initiative whose main purpose was to encourage a diverse participation in both formal and informal baseball as well as softball activities. Major league baseball is doing a wonderful thing as they are involving the little leagues by re-engaging the kids in baseball (United States 1996).
8. How many WNBA balls did Spalding sell around the league’s first season, and what was the original WNBA logo?

            The initial logo was the ‘logo woman’ while the Spalding has been the consistant factor all along the WNBA as they have been using this ball officially in their games over the years. They were able to sell over one million sales (Wong 2013).

9. 
   What type of investment has Axalta seen from NASCAR and what type of opportunity do they see in their recent Daytona deal?
   Axalta is a coating system whose origin is from NASCAR but recently they have seen an opportunity in the Daytona international speedway where the deal involves the company having a chance to brand the central entrance of the Dayton speedway. NASCAR helps the Axalta to advertise their work of coating.
   
   10. What will be some of the job responsibilities for Sarah Wilhelmi in her new role at Team USA, and why was it so critical this job be created now?

            This is crucial as Sarah would be ensuring that she manages the players’ hours, calculating their overtime as well as managing their sick pay. Also they ensure that they issue tax reforms and making monthly salary on time.

            Reference

Borries, F. ., Walz, S. P., Böttger, M., Davidson, D., Kelley, H., & Kücklich, J.     (2007).            Space time play: Computer games, architecture and urbanism : the next           level.    Basel: Birkhäuser.

United States. (1996). Professional sports: The challenges facing the future of the industry : hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate,          One Hundred Fourth Congress, second session ... January 23, 1996.        Washington: U.S. G.P.O.

Wong, G. M. (2013). The comprehensive guide to careers in sports. Burlington,    MA:     Jones & Bartlett Learning.

 Illegal Immigrant Students

The status of illegal immigrant children who are undocumented is not new in the US, especially considering that the country is experiencing a surge in illegal immigrant children crossing the borders. I need to hold a discussion on this public issue with the board and teachers of Stonybrook Elementary. Measures should be taken to accommodate these children, and campaign held to draw the school fraternity and the community together to secure a fundraising program for the education of these children. The board and the teachers should come into a consensus that will emphasise on the status of the high number of immigrant children in US who are causing a lot of congestion in courts. Most children fail to appear in court while their cases are proceeding and this leads the court giving orders for their deportation. The parents and other guest should give their perception on how to educate these children who suffer the long wait for the court to decide on their cases. A lot of emphasis should be put on how to integrate these children into the society. This will be achieved when we set a goal as a group for purpose of team work. . Setting a goal is very important since a group working towards a goal usually achieves high performance (Whetten & Cameron, pg357)

Many undocumented immigrant children are going through many problems while trying to access the basic needs. Of more importance is the challenge the children are experiencing while trying to access elementary education, not to mention other necessities like poverty, mental and physical health? The immigrant children are the fastest-growing section of the U.S overall population and thus the well-being of these children is very important to every citizen of this nation.  Most indicators shows that children whose parents are immigrant fare worse when compared to other children whose parents are natives. When compared to their age counterparts, there is a higher possibility of immigrant children living in poverty, forgoing medical care and this will culminate in failure to attend school or dropping out altogether. These children also face the challenge of lack of proficiency or knowledge in English language and a culture that is very different the host culture. The biggest challenge is, however, is lack of funds for these children to access basic education. They experience a lot of stress because of these challenges and we thus need to help them overcome. I will come up with an enactive strategy that will provide an environment free of stressors, in this case lack of funds being the stressor for the children (Whetten & Cameron, pg. 140). However, much can be achieved if the community provided a stress free learning experience for these children when they feel that they are part of this group.

The lack of financial means for illegal immigrant parents puts a very big burden on districts and states and thus many of them struggle in providing good education who are legal residents. However, it is the policy of Departments of Education and Justice in United States that local and state schools around the country must allow the minors in who have not been documented to register in schools. The policy states that these children should go to schools that are around the particular district in which they live. Moreover, even the case where they have no proof of residing in that district since no parent guardian brought them to school, the school management should treat them as homeless, which means they should be allowed to attend the school with no home address having been provided. Thus it is the duty of the officials of Stonybrook Elementary school to attend to educational needs of the illegally immigrant children to not only comply with the government policies but to also undertake our humanity duty. Thus the issue at hand is how we will lay down strategies that ensure that these children both of whom have not stayed long enough to get integrated into the society and those who stayed long enough to use English after being integrated into the society. The strategies will also take into account the fact that there may disparities the educational need for various children since some of them have disabilities and come from different backgrounds. This raises the need to understand the differences and appreciating them and not allowing distinctions which may lead to social barriers (Whetten & Cameron, pg.84). The need for special education comes with additional cost and the school needs more funds for this group of students.

Our system of education offers many services and programs to children with disabilities. The provision of such services present a the greatest need of hiring experienced teachers and for such teachers to be attracted to Stonybrook Elementary school there must be enough to provide the teaching and learning materials and at the same time pay them reasonable remuneration. We must set a goal and schemes that will ensure that additional finance got from all the stakeholders of this school, and thus we can manage to meet the needs. My aim is to make these teachers to also feel legitimate and challenged to participate in the schemes since legitimacy increase acceptance which is usually a key to one’s influence (Whetten & Cameron, pg.236). For the schemes to be successful, there is the need to involve the neighbouring community since they are the largest stakeholders and the host of the immigrant community. The work of the community is to enhance and expand resources that can be made available to the immigrant children. Communication mechanisms will be provided so as to sensitize the community on the need to integrate the community programmes that are sustainable and the school. The funding will involve partnership between the community organisations and the surrounding businesses since such an effort will gather enough support to ensure funds collected are enough to reduce the straining on the little resources of Stonybrook. This means that the programs must be self-sustaining and must tap into the existing streams of funds or could be sustainable business plans that involve low or no cost at all. These programs and business plans should come from the members of the community or the private sector so that they can feel that they own them. This partnership will make the stakeholders have the ability to improvise on various ways of raising funds since it will acts as a source power for them to own the project (Whetten & Cameron, pg 319). In so doing the responsibility of raising the fund will rest with the stakeholders. There must be a motivation for the community and the school management fraternity to implement such a strategy. Therefore, the approach will involve linking neighbourhood programs and the school programs. Ownership of the programmes by the community will be a big motivating factor while the success of the same will give the teachers and the management a huge encouragement since people can also be motivated by the intrinsic factors. (Whetten & Cameron, Pg 367)  

In addition to the community programs, the school will organise local fundraising activities that will involve the participation of the old students, teachers, parents and private organisations with an aim of involving all the members of the community. This will include all the activities that can generate money and in-kind resources like the sporting competitions, selling products and services, various charitable donations, sponsorship and grants. Those activities will have to be approved in a meeting with the teachers and the community representatives. The fundraising will not merely focus on funding the basic requirements for educating the undocumented immigrant students but to support and enhance the community programs that will focus more on the long term goal. These activities will be held each year and this way a habit will be formed that is able to create unity for purpose. In order to fully maximise on the fundraising the school will use different foundations. This will attract the philanthropic individuals who are willing and capable of who donating learning materials needed for learning and teaching more so the expensive ones for the special education. Of more importance is the need to build on the private philanthropy as a separate pool of funds where volunteers, more so the in the private industry and this will only be through creating a strong relationship between the school and the business community. To win their support accountability will be highly emphasized by separating the funds in this pool from the one received from the local government. The information on the use of these funds will be availed to every member of the community so as to ensure accountability. Accountability brings about strong interrelationship and provide a room for improvement (Whetten & Cameron, pg.286). This is the surest way of ensuring that all the stakeholders will consistently support the school financially.

The community participation include the involvement of the parents and guardians of the undocumented children especially those that have special learning needs. For the new immigrants, the communication barrier has to be solved. This process will involve both the teachers and the community social workers who will assess the right manner to communicate with the parents and the guardian. There will be need to use translators and more so the district’s bilingual translators for the languages that the significant migrant population have in the area. This will also involve providing written and oral information in a way that the parents and guardians are able to understand. A supportive communication will be achieved which help to build interpersonal relationship and thus get to the core of the issue (Whetten & Cameron, pg. 287). This step is very important the parents and guardians will play a very vital role in emphasizing the need for the community to come together and raising funds for the school.  Immigrant families may be coming from diverse cultures and there may be parents whose culture perceives involvement in such programs as an interference with the school and view themselves as just service consumers. The importance of their participation should be stressed in the case of parents with disabled children since they are the ones in need of more funding, and showing a desire to have their children assisted is likely to persuade the community to give more financial support. This implies use of power of reason to make them see the need for their participation. (Whetten & Cameron, Pg. 324)

It is the moral responsibility for every able U.S citizen to take care of the unaccompanied children since most are normal refugees fleeing from violence and crime in their countries but to make t matter worse they are the most vulnerable. No doubt these children come with additional burden to the taxpayer especially in the provision of elementary education.  Even though the number of the unaccompanied children remain low, the U.S customs and Border Protection has reported that there is sharp increase in their number. While those from nearby countries can be return to their countries quickly, most teens and toddlers from other countries have to be allowed in and resettled as refugees. This has seen a rise in the number of cases in federal immigration and state family courts as there is a lot of paperwork in order to comply with bureaucratic requirements a process that seems endless. There is thus the need to for the community to come together and help in educating these children. This may also involve catering for other needs that government agencies may not manage to meet due to a strain in resources. For this to be successfully done, the community need to work towards integrating these children into our society. In order for the results of fundraising to be successful these undocumented children must be made to feel at home. This will be achieved if a conducive learning environment is provided in Stonybrook Elementary school. Finally, the children will not only be uplifted socially but their future economic status will be made bright. These benefits will then be conferred into the community since the economy will continue to demand highly qualified workers. This will create a norm of reciprocity which help to serve the interests of the two parties, the community and the undocumented children (Whetten & Cameron, pg.324)

Reference

Whetten, D., Cameron, K. (2011). Developing management skills .Pearson Education.8. 68-394

Sample ePortfolio Grading Exercise

Name ___________________________

Sample ePortfolio 1

Total Points / 5 = 3.1Final Grade

1. Why did you give this portfolio the grade you did?

            I gave the portfolio the grading mainly because of its efficiency and simplicity.  The portfolio has effectively been able to minimize complexity by avoiding unnecessary and also inaccurate components.  The given portfolio has fully been able to provide statements that are easy to review and assess based on the provided statements accounts. The portfolio has additionally provided handful information thus creating a connection with the reader. However the portfolio failed in demonstrating different statements accounts to the readers due to lack of transparency.

2. Explain what the writer did well. Be specific. Don’t simply write “Critical Reflection,” but say what you thought was particularly strong about this critical reflection).

            The critical reflection of the writer was effective. This is that the statements were well analyzed with simplicity and accuracy. The stated accounts were well established and the information created connection between the readers and the writer.  The strongest thing in his critical reflection was the fact that he used eased wordings which are commonly used in conversation. This therefore created a stronger relationship between accuracy and reliability of the given information.

3. Explain where the writer could have improved.

            The writer would have provided statements which would have be characterized by transparency in order to make the statements of the portfolio manageable.  This is effective in increasing the efficiency of the portfolio in order to increase the accuracy as well as reliability.

4. What rhetorical choices does the writer make that you might use in your own ePortfolio?

            The rhetorical choices that I might adopt from the writer are the use of quotations as well as the use of pictures to explain statements. This helps in increasing the morale of the readers as well as increasing their concentration. Additional these rhetorical choices helps in ensuring that the massages are well delivered as visions helps in creating durable massages.

Sample ePortfolio 2

Total Points / 5 = 3.5 Final Grade

1. Why did you give this portfolio the grade you did?

            I gave the grade to the portfolio due to its manageable nature. This is in that the writer avoids confusion or statements that may be misunderstood by using simplified and general statements to deliver a given statement.  This is therefore essential in ensuring that the intended message is not distorted in any way thus increasing efficiency of the portfolio. A good portfolio is the one which obeys simplicity by avoiding components that are complex. The portfolio is therefore well manageable because the readers are able to understand and utilize the massage as intended without misinterpretation.

2. Explain what the writer did well. Be specific. Don’t simply write “Critical Reflection,” but say what you thought was particularly strong about this critical reflection.

            The writer did well by demonstrating a well structured self reflection portfolio. This is because the expression of the writer is well demonstrated. This is conducted by establishing what is required and what he feels.  He critically demonstrates his experiences to the readers by providing adequate information to increase the understanding of his readers.

            The writer provides detailed information in explaining a message which helps the reader to create deeper links with the writer as well as with the given situation. The writer also provides common situations in his writing therefore helping the readers to flow with the events due to their personal experiences. This therefore is effective in ensuring that the design of the portfolio provides adequate vision to the readers without fail.

3. Explain where the writer could have improved.

            The writer should have improved by providing detailed quotations as well as visions. This is to increase the accuracy of the information as well as reliability.  These choices help individuals in growing the bonds between the given information with their personal experiences.

4. What rhetorical choices does the writer make that you might use in your own ePortfolio?

            The rhetorical choice that I might adopt from the writer is the use of definitions of words. This is essential in ensure that people understands what the writer is talking about. This is because the understanding of individuals is different and therefore defining different words helps in ensuring that individuals flow with the intended message. This is in that words posse’s different meaning and therefore the readers may interpret them wrongly. The provision of words definitions is an effective way of ensuring that the project achieves efficiency due to the nature and level of the reliability.

Philosophy 105, Quiz #3  NAME___________________________

Required reading: Textbook, Chapter 2; also (in Additional Material folder): "Facile Assumptions." And: Textbook, Chapter 3; also (in Additional Material folder): "Deduction vs. Induction" and "Hints on Validity." Due Friday, May 13, NOON.

I. For each of the following arguments, provide one basic assumption that is interesting, important, or significant (not "facile"). Type your answer starting at the point of the arrow. Two points each, total 10.

1. In University City, all public acts of excretion are prohibited. Hence, spitting is prohibited, given that spitting is excretion. To be consistent, barfing should be prohibited as well, in University City.
=>Assuming that all this different acts of excretion, spitting and barfing are all done publicly inside the university city.

2. The Earth is surely spherical. After all, spheres cast curved shadows. Further, the Earth casts a curved shadow on the moon during an eclipse.
=>The assumption in this case is that nothing else could possibly cast a curved shadow. Therefore, since spheres cast  curved shadows and during eclipses we see the shadow of the earth on the moon as a curved shape it is therefore right to conclude that the earth must be spherical in shape.

3. No one who endangers his health is rational. It follows that students who smoke cigarettes are irrational, because cigarettes endanger their health and they darn well know it.
=>The assumption is that the students that smoke know that cigarette smoking endangers their health. Seeing that, an irrational person is one that endangers his health and some students still smoke cigarettes knowing that is harmful to their health, therefore these students are irrational without a doubt.

4. 
   The moon influences the water in our bodies by moving it around. Isn't the water in our bodies water that is also on the Earth? And isn't it true that the gravity of the moon influences, by moving it around, all the water on the Earth?
   => Assuming that the gravity of the moon moves the water on earth around. And also that when we talk of the water on the earth it is inclusive of the water in our bodies.
   
   5. Standard aptitude tests are culturally biased. That means that the standard aptitude tests are unconstitutional, since cultural bias is discrimination and discrimination is prohibited by the Constitution.
   =>The assumption is that in the constitution discrimination means being culturally bias. Also assuming that all standard aptitude tests are always culturally biased.
   
   II. For each argument below, indicate whether it is Deductive (use the abbreviation DED) or Inductive (abbreviation IND). Put your abbreviation at the tip of the arrow. Also indicate the conclusion of the argument, by putting [brackets] around it. Two points each, total 10.
   
   6. The Boss: "John has been absent from work every day this week. The portfolio he was supposed to turn in never arrived, although he did send me by email the Phillies' schedule. Yeah,[ I guess he's goofing off again.]"
   
   =>IND
   
   7.[ You won't get a solid C in this course.] It doesn't matter whether you get an F or a D on the final exam. If you get an F, your final average will be only a D. Or if you get a D, your average at most will be a C-. And I know you won't do any better than that on the final exam. So there.
   
   => DED
   
   8. Look through this telescope. [The sun is causing the light that passes close to the sun to bend.] That's awesome. Would you have supposed that a large round smelly gaseous object could exert gravitational pull on photons?
   
   => DED
   
   9. Whenever I come across a turtle walking across a road, I stop my car and wait for it to cross safely. See, [I'm a good-natured dude.] And if I see a cat caught in a tree by a ferocious dog, I'll get it a Big Whopper so it will leave the poor pussy cat alone.
   
   =>IND
   
   10. If Roger is taller than Jose, and Jose is taller than Nusrat, and Nusrat is taller than every ferret, then [Roger must be taller than every animal which is shorter than a ferret.]
   
   =>IND

College Drop Our Rates

• Abstract

According to resent research, more and more students are dropping out of college with and even bigger number of high school students who do not make to go to college in the U S. it is estimated that nearly 40% of college students studying full time in their four year courses are unable to get a Bachelor’s degree in the duration of the six years that they are expected to take in joining and complete collage. Many students who join college never complete their education or prefer to take some time off leading to many dropping out eventually or taking so much time to complete their college education.  This paper therefore wishes to discuss the relevant number of the United States’ higher education percentage and determine the course of such large numbers or college dropout and what can be done to cope with the problem (Kane & Rouse 1999).

The paper mainly uses data that has been collected for the last two decades and one that is found a rich nationally representative data set. At the end of the paper one is able to make several observations in regard to both the cause of the problem and the actions that should be taken to cope with the issue (Kane & Rouse 1999).  The data is based on different variables including gender, race, ethnicity, social class and age. The main policies of the paper will be an attempt to use productive enrolment methods as a tool for increasing degree attainment in the postsecondary level.

Introduction

Other than the negative effect that high levels of college dropout have on the students, it also negatively affects the economy. The country depends on the revenue collected from institution to improve both the economy and empower the job market. High level of college dropouts leads to lack of professional employees, which then triggering the government to outsource from other countries (Terry & Kurlaender 2008). There are many reasons behind why students drop out of college the main reason being lack of academic preparedness. Due to modern technology, students are under a lot of pressure in terms of achieving certain requirements in school as their different methods of testing if one is conversant with the course he is undertaking.

 In today’s world, students are required to meet certain criteria’s in order to attain their collage degree and as a result many of them find themselves unprepared. Other causes of college dropout includes the high rise of successful people who acts as mentors to a particular group of age and claims to never have completed their college education. As a result of this, collage education loses its value in society and as result many students end up either dropping out of school or never joining collage in the first place (Terry & Kurlaender 2008).

• Problem statement

One of the major problems facing many college institutions is the increase in high profile people who claim to have dropped out of college and still manage to became successful. This has in return lowered both the standards and the need for a college education.

• Dependent and independent variables

The data for this study was manly derived but not limited to the  different interviews that were conducted based on different variables like gender, age, race, ethnicity and age. The data collected was based on student who dropped out of collage from the year 1997 to date. The surveyed students that were involved in the research were between the age 12 and 16 around the year 1997 meaning that majority likely joined collage between the year 1999 and 2003 (Carnavale, Cheah & Strohl 2012).  In addition to this, this research also included other members of the society who might or might have not attended college. Out of all the students interviewed, a third were female while the rest were male. From the research one was able to make certain observation in relation to the reasons as to why male students drop out of collage and as to why female students drop out of college.

• Hypothesis

Has college education lost its value or are students dropping out due to academic unpreparedness?

• Estimation method

The method is based on the data collected and it is quite straightforward.  Mainly the variables used were postsecondary degree attainment which could either be a bachelor’s degree or an associate’s degrees. Other variables used were demographic variables, geographic information and family background variables.

• Findings

The findings of the research yielded different results which included the reasons as to why female students drop out of school and why male students drop out of school. Out of all the students that were interviewed 75% of students that successfully completed their secondary education were found to have greater chances of completing their bachelors education. While students who struggled to finish their secondary education or had a wanting history from their previous institutions was likely to have problems with their tertiary education (Carnavale, Cheah & Strohl 2012). Other factors that contributed to the findings included age where students who joined collage right away from school are said to be likely to drop out of collage as compared to older students who joined school for other purposes like furthering their education.

Other factors included Minority where by certain groups of people have been sidelined to have high rate of collage dropouts in comparison to the whole country. This might be based on the culture, political and geographical history as well as the stereotypes associated with that certain group of people. low income is also a major contribution in terms of college dropout as some students simply cannot afford to complete their studies in time. However the most recent finding on this paper is the role that high profiled people play especially in relation to whether or not their success has anything to do with a college education (Carnavale, Cheah & Strohl 2012).

• conclusion

The paper conducted a descriptive analysis to try and explain the reason behind the high number of college dropouts and what was causing it. The results attained are an indicator that, if the percentage of degree attainment is to be changed for the better, it is important to come up with programs that encourage more students to enroll in collages that offer same content but fewer years of study. This can be a two year collage since the six year span is ineffective in dealing with the issue at hand. This is especially because the preparation needs for academic students whom have spent more years in schools are unlikely to be successful in college. Influential people in society can also play a role in influencing the number of collage dropouts by encouraging students to stay in school rather than the latter.

References

Carnevale Anthony, Ban Cheah and Jeff  Strohl (2012). Hard Times – College Majors,     Unemployment and Earnings. 

Holzer and  Dunlop (2013).  Just the Facts, Ma’am: Postsecondary Education and Labor Market             Outcomes in the U.S.

Hoxby, Caroline and Christopher Avery (2012).  The Missing “One-Offs: The Hidden Supply of High Achieving, Low Income Students.

Kane, Thomas and Cecilia Rouse (1999).  The Community College: Educating Students at the      Margin between Colleges. Journal  of Economic Perspectives.

Long Bridget Terry and Michal Kurlaender (2008).  Do Community College Provide a Viable      Pathway to a Baccalaureate Degree?.

Lovenheim Michael and Lockwood Reynolds (2011).  Changes in Postsecondary Choices by       Ability and Income.

Innovation in America

Introduction

            America history is enriched with a lot of ideas by the ancient people who developed them practically through various method of trial and error until they worked. This has resulted in the great revolution in America and setting its economy at par. The ideas were considerably large and were filled with determination to pursue them. This has played a great role in America by giving it an upper hand due to its revolution and technology. The history of America is filled with more elaborate cryptic features that have led to creation and installation of great ideas to date. The invention of science and its properties has played a great part. Innovations are the tools for the economy that started a long time ago in America. These innovations have led to the industrialization of America. This has resulted in the production of good and services that have increased the efficiency of America. Quality products have been made and through research, there has been the elimination of the products that are harmful to the human body. Through innovation, there have been a lot of mechanization in the firm resulting to less bulky and tedious procedure that have seen the economy thriving almost towards the expectation of many.

            To begin with innovation in American land has created many chances of employment. This has resulted in infrastructure improvement since the government makes revenue through different ways on being the taxes imposed on the employed persons. In relation to the employed population in America, the standards of living have been raised. This has made many Americans live above the poverty line resulting in greater productivity because almost every individual is comfortable with their life (Formica, 50).

            Innovation can only be accomplished when the population is creative enough. In agriculture, the farming techniques have been mechanized because of innovation. This has led to many being motivated to join the industry of farming. This in result provides food and the population and the problem of food security is well taken care of. Innovation has made work easier in the farms and has led to great productivity (Morris, 37)

            It is true to say that the story of women bearing children is a painful process and it is undeniable. Mothers connect to the theme by the recent changes in the childbearing process. It has changed from the old way of natural birth to the recent one of the cesarean section that is less painful. This has left many women opting for cesarean section due to its convenience. The process might be slightly expensive but its effectiveness and efficiency that is evident in the health care sector due to the high technological levels of medical equipment that have been made through innovation have facilitated the whole process (Morris, 159).

            Innovation has played a great role in the offices and the education sector at large. This is because of the laptop computers that are fast, efficient, reliable and effective and their output is timely. When computers were first innovated they were slow, noisy, large in size and they emitted a lot of heat. Due to this Bill Gates, innovation of better computers did not stop there. There was the urge by people to better the first computers. This led to the conception of better and new ideas that made the innovation of small computers that were better, fast, efficient and emitted less heat (Morris, 170).

The innovation of vehicles started which large vehicles that used coal that generated energy for it to move. The whole process was tedious due to the bulkiness of the mechanism used (Morris, 40). The vehicles were slow and could not carry a lot of weight. The coal used emitted a lot of exhaust that polluted the air and that was a hazard the health of many. Due to the defect of this vehicle, there was the urge to innovate the vehicles to make the more efficient, be less pollutant and they can carry some more weight. Due to the innovation in America, there are vehicles of a different kind that are fulfilling the Americans dream and facilitating their work making them be efficient (Formica, 95).

The innovation of phone in the American market has also played a great role. This is communication among the citizens is established. The innovation of cell phone was from the landline and the booth phones that were not readily available. The system was also costly and this limited the communication. As a result of innovation, there has been an improvement of the cell phones that can even access the internet. This has made it easier to for the individuals to access the information that is readily available on the internet. This has resulted in efficiency levels and has also increase individuals knowledge (Formica, 105).

Innovation has led to the success in the education sector. This is because it has resulted in the launching of electronic learning. E-learning is preferred because of its convenience. One does not have to commute long distance in order to access a classroom and can do that from the comfort of where they are. This has been brought by innovation that has increased the level of technology (Formica, 105).

Conclusion

            Innovation in America has played a great part in making America be among the most developed countries in the world. The industrialization of the America has been enhanced by the frequent and the high rates of innovation. It has impacted the economy positively due to the numerous benefits such as fully developed infrastructure and has maintained a lead in the market worldwide that is an effect that is going to be experienced by many and for a long time. When a person follows Jesus they expect to get great benefit and the courage to carry on. In this case, it can relate well to innovation because when an innovation is a launch more is expected and a lot has to be involved in order to carry on with the project.

Reference

Formica, Piero. Stories of Innovation for the Millennial Generation: The Lynceus Long View.      Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Internet resource.

Morris, Charles R. The Dawn of Innovation: The First American Industrial Revolution. New        York: Public Affairs, 2012. Print.

Benchmark

            Diversity is a major feature in our world today and is mostly based on the education sector. We have to explore the focus on the tutoring of scholars from different ethnic and racial circumstances that could have or could not have infirmities that need unusual educational facilities.  For the students with cultural and language diversities, this can be a challenging task to the classroom teachers. Cultural diversity among students has values including behavior styles, language and dialects.  These cultural practices are shared among a specific group or may not have been shared within the group.  Cultural diversity among students can be used to refer to the students that are renowned by civilization, social class and language. Cultural differences symbolize the students who are from ethnic and cultural underground and students who’s their native linguistic is not English and the students who are also from low revenue homes.  The alternating cultural, tribal and social configuration in America is evident.  For instance, a symbol of the changing America in diversity among students is that though the birthrate in America is decreasing, the percentage of children from the blacks and non-English speaking upbringings is growing. As research has shown that in every four students in America, one is from a racial or cultural different background from the whites and thus this diversity will continue to increase in future.  Thus teachers should be aware of the diversity in their classrooms and how it affects the students’ success (Tomlinson, Brighton, Hertberg, Callahan, Moon, Brim join & Reynolds, 2003). 

            As part of this diversity problem among students, the student is mostly affected and involved in the situation.  Teachers expect their children to have good interaction and performance in the classroom. Thus the students who faced lower expectations from their teachers receive negative feedbacks from the teachers and less interaction. This diverse treatment from the teachers has negative impacts to the students as it affects their motivation and behavior in the classroom which is both connected to the academic success. These negative impacts are likely to arise from teachers’ individual background against students from different background.  These negative impacts arise due to the teacher’s assumption about the impact of various student features on the academic success. For instance, the teacher places the student according to their background and assumes that if the student has a lower performance, they are likely to have less books at home therefore having poor reading success.  This makes the teacher place the student into the lower performing group in her class and does not advance the student while reading.  There are various solutions that will be implemented to ensure that the teachers can do more as a nation to improve the diversity of the teacher and student workforce.  The national government should provide support programs to for the low-income students to help them deal with the teacher diversity.  The best and the proposed solution by the national government would to lessen the diversity may include the successful approach to provide the students of color with help such as mentorship and financial enticements. Finally, the solutions of advancing the teacher diversity may diminish to something more critical based on political wishes (Perry, Moore, Edwards, Acosta & Frey, 2009). 

            These teachers are most likely to be affected by the solutions that would be enacted by the national government.  Without the support from the governments, the diversity among students and teachers in the classrooms would not be successful. The government lessens the power of the teacher’s diversity to the students by embracing the needs of the academically diverse students and particular students who are likely to have disabilities.  The solutions by the government include creating many ways of learning to the diverse students. The government is also changing method that address the student learning features and adjusting their learning products and tasks based on the student’s capability and talent.  This solution will affect the instructor who is creating diversity among the students Perry, Moore, Edwards, Acosta & Frey, 2009). 

            The need to implement the solution by the government is that it should use money to continue to present challenges to schools and provide educational and support services.  The growth of the educational curriculums that advance knowledge and affirming the teaching environments is important for schools are to give culturally applicable and affirming teaching environments. The diverse students and the society can be conceptualized as an excellent and a good element and as a border to the educational program.  The government involvement in schools with diverse students as an empowered member of the school community will connect the school staff with the diverse students thus decreasing the cultural diversity within the school. The probable timeline to apply the solution is that the teachers of the diverse students should be aware of the personal and cultural differences and identify the differences in a positive way.  This positive acknowledgment of diversity creates the foundation of the growth of effective communication and tutorial strategies.  Social skills such as respect and ethnic understanding can be modified, taught and reinforced by the teacher. The expected outcome if the teachers implement the appreciation of differences among the students is likely to be positive.  This will build the relationship between the teacher and the students which will enable the teacher to increase the relevance of lessons and make the teaching more meaningful (Fuchs, Fuchs, Mathes & Simmons, 1997).  

Reference

Fuchs, D., Fuchs, L. S., Mathes, P. G., & Simmons, D. C. (1997). Peer-assisted learning strategies: Making classrooms more responsive to diversity. American Educational Research Journal, 34(1), 174-206.

 Perry, G., Moore, H., Edwards, C., Acosta, K., & Frey, C. (2009). Maintaining credibility and authority as an instructor of color in diversity-education classrooms: A qualitative inquiry. The Journal of Higher Education, 80(1), 80-105.

Tomlinson, C. A., Brighton, C., Hertberg, H., Callahan, C. M., Moon, T. R., Brimijoin, K., ... & Reynolds, T. (2003). Differentiating instruction in response to student readiness, interest, and learning profile in academically diverse classrooms: A review of literature. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 27(2-3), 119-145.

Name of the exhibit / event: sporting

Location of the exhibit / event:

Date of the exhibit / event: 8^th May 2016

The sports hosts emphasized on the importance of participating in sports.  He stated that those that participate in sporting activities have less probabilities of being attacked by chronic illnesses.  Sporting was stated as a health and an economic benefit because it helps in keeping the participants in god health conditions.  He stated that sports helps in boosting the self esteem of the individual despite ensuring that the effects of eating disorders are completely eliminated.  Self esteem issues can cause an individual to lose social contact with the community around them because one cannot be able to fully interact without self questioning. This may therefore lead to stress which may develop depression thus the individual may be tied in huge health issues.

Sporting is therefore beneficial to the body because it helps an individual in reducing stress by relaxing the body muscles and also staying away from  the stressing issues from the society.  In order to gain the sporting benefits one does not necessarily require sporting for long hours by for a short period of time even for thirty minutes.  Sporting was stated to be a great influence of money saving because it prevents an individual from incurring huge medical bills. In addition it was stated to be very crucial in the modern society mainly because life style has changed gradually. This is in that individuals are fully involved in economic and lazy activities with the incorporation of bad eating habits which may results to huge and unhealthy body structures. An individual who participate in sports is thus referred to a healthy person which connected to may future goals of remaining a healthy being.